Skip to main content

Sagittal Synostoses

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Textbook of Pediatric Neurosurgery
  • 177 Accesses

Abstract

Though scaphocephaly represents the most common type of craniosynostosis and most, if not all, pediatric neurosurgeons feel familiar with this entity, several of the fundamental aspects of the condition still remain obscure.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aldridge K, Kane AA, Marsh JL, Yan P, Govier D, Richtsmeier JT (2005) Relationship of brain and skull in pre- and postoperative sagittal synostosis. J Anat 206(4):373–385

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Arko L, Swanson JW, Fierst TM, Henn RE, Chang D, Storm PB, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA, Heuer GG (2015) Spring mediated sagittal craniosynostosis treatment. Neurosurg Focus 38(5):E7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnaud E, Renier D, Marchac D (1995) Prognosis for mental function in scaphocephaly. J Neurosurg 83(3):476–479

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnaud E, Capon-Degardin N, Michienzi J, Di Rocco F, Renier D (2009) Scaphocephaly part II: secondary coronal synostosis after scaphocephalic surgical correction. J Craniofac Surg 20(Suppl 2):1843–1850

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bellew M, Chumas P (2015) Long-term developmental follow-up in children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. J Neurosurg Pediatr 16(4):445–451

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bellew M, Liddington M, Chumas P, Russell J (2011) Preoperative and postoperative developmental attainment in patients with sagittal synostosis: 5-year follow-up. J Neurosurg Pediatr 7(2):121–126

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caldarelli M, Di Rocco C, Rossi GF (1979) Lumbar subarachnoid infusion test in pediatric neurosurgery. Dev Med Child Neurol 21:71–82

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chauhan BK, Hoover JM, Scanga H, Medsinge A, Arnold GL, Nischal KK (2015) Isolated sagittal synostosis in a boy with craniofrontonalsal dysplasia and a novel EFNB1 mutation. Plast Recontr Surg Glob Open 3(6):e427

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collmann H, Solomon BD, Schweitzer T, Kress W, Muenke M (2011) Nonsyndroic craniosynostoses. In: Muenke M, Kress W, Solomon BD CH (eds) Craniosynostoses: molecular genetics, principles of diagnosis and treatment. Monogr Hum Genet, vol 19. Karger, Basel, pp 165–176

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Da Costa AC, Anderson VA, Savarirayan R, Wrennall JA, Chong DK, Holmes AD, Greensmith AL, Meara JG (2012) Neurodevelopmental functioning of infants with untreated single-suture craniosynostosis during early infancy. Childs Nerv Syst 28(6):869–877

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Di Rocco C, Caldarelli M, Mangiola A, Milani A (1988) The lumbar infusion test in infants. Childs Nerv Syst 4:16–21

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Di Rocco F, Arnaud E, Renier D (2009a) Evolution in the frequency of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. J Neurosurg Pediatr 4(1):21–25

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Di Rocco F, Arnaud E, Meyer P, Sainte-Rose C, Renier D (2009b) Focus session on the changing “epidemiology” of craniosynostosis (comparing two quinquennia: 1985–1989 and 2003–2007) and its impact on the daily clinical practice: a review from Necker Enfants Malades. Childs Nerv Syst 25(7):807–811

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Di Rocco F, Knoll BI, Arnaud E, Blanot S, Meyer P, Cuttarree H, Sainte-Rose C, Marchac D (2012) Scaphocephaly correction with retrocoronal and prelambdoid craniotomies (Renier’s “H” technique). Childs Nerv Syst 28(9):1327–1332

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Di Rocco F, Ben Gbulie U, Meyer P, Arnaud E (2014) Current techniques and protocols in the surgical management of scaphocephaly in young infants. J Craniofac Surg 25(1):39–41

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fernbach SK, Naidich TP (1986) Radiological evaluation of craniosynostosis. In: Cohen MM Jr (ed) Craniosynostosis diagnosis, evaluation and management. Raven Press, NY, pp 191–214

    Google Scholar 

  • Florisson JM, van Veelen ML, Bannink N, van Adrichem LN, van der Meulen JJ, Bartels MC, Mathijssen IM (2010) Papilledema in isolated single-suture craniosynostosis: prevalence and predictive factors. J Craniofac Surg 21(1):20–24

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gerety PA, Basta MN, Fischer JP, Taylor JA (2015) Operative management of non syndromic sagittal. J Craniofac Surg 26(4):1251–1257

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gewalli F, Guimarães-Ferreira JP, Sahlin P, Emanuelsson I, Horneman G, Stephensen H, Lauritzen CG (2001) Mental development after modified pi procedure: dynamic cranioplasty for sagittal synostosis. Ann Plast Surg 46(4):415–420

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goodrich (2017) Single incision endoscope-assisted surgery for sagittal craniosynostosis. Childs Nerv Syst 33(1):7–8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guimarães-Ferreira J, Gewalli F, David L, Darvann TA, Hermann NV, Kreiborg S, Friede H, Lauritzen CG (2006) Sagittal synostosis: I. Preoperative morphology of the skull. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 40(4):193–199

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harroud A, Weil AG, Turgeon J, Mercier C, Crevier L (2016) Association of postoperative furosemide use with a reduced blood transfusion rate in sagittal craniosynostosis surgery. J Neurosurg Pediatr 17(1):34–40

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hashim PW, Patel A, Yang JF, Travieso R, Terner J, Losee JE, Pollack I, Jane J Sr, Jane J Jr, Kanev P, Mayes L, Duncan C, Bridgett DJ, Persing JA (2014) The effects of whole-vault cranioplasty versus strip craniectomy on long-term neuropsychological outcomes in sagittal craniosynostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 134(3):491–501

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heller JB, Heller MM, Knoll B (2008) Intracranial volume and cephalic index outcome. Plast Reconstr Surg 121(1):187–195

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heuzé Y, Boyadjiev SA, Marsh JL, Kane AA, Cherkez E, Boggan JE, Richtsmeier JT (2010) New insights into the relationship between suture closure and craniofacial dysmorphology in sagittal nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. J Anat 217(2):85–96

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Jane JA, Francel PC (1995) The evolution of treatment for sagittal synostosis: a personal record. In: Goodrich JT, Hall CD (eds) Craniofacial anomalies: growth and development from a surgical perspective. Thieme, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Jimenez DF, Barone CM, Rogers JN (2010) Endoscopic wide vertex craniectomy. In: Jallo GI, Kothbauer KF, Pradilla G (eds) Controversies in pediatric neurosurgery. Thieme, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiehna EN, Jane JA (2010) Early strip craniectomy. In: Jallo GI, Kothbauer KF, Pradilla G (eds) Controversies in pediatric neurosurgery. Thieme, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolar JC, Salter EM, Weinberg SM (2010) Preoperative craniofacial dysmorphology in isolated sagittal synostosis: a comprehensive anthropometric evaluation. J Craniofac Surg 21(5):1404–1410

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lajeunie E, Crimmins DW, Arnaud E, Renier D (2005) Genetic considerations in nonsyndromic midline craniosynostoses: a study of twins and their families. J Neurosurg 103(4 Suppl):353–356

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lauritzen CG, Davis C, Ivarsson A, Sanger C, Hewitt TD (2008) The evolving role of springs in craniofacial surgery: the first 100 clinical cases. Plast Reconstr Surg 121(2):545–554

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lebuis A, Bortoluzzi P, Huynh N, Bach N (2015) Occlusal relations in patients with scaphocephaly. J Craniofac Surg 26(6):1893–1899

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Magge SN, Westerveld M, Pruzinsky T, Persing JA (2002) Long-term neuropsychological effects of sagittal craniosynostosis on child development. J Craniofac Surg 13(1):99–104

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marchac, Renier (1987) Frontal remodeling for scaphocephaly. In: Marchac D (ed) Craniofacial surgery. Springer, Berlin, pp 158–159

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Marupudi NI, Sood S, Rozzelle A, Ham SD (2016) Effect of molding helmets on intracranial pressure and head shape in nonsurgically treated sagittal craniosynostosis patients. J Neurosurg Pediatr 18(2):207–212

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Massimi L, Di Rocco C (2012) Mini-invasive surgical technique for sagittal craniosynostosis. Childs Nerv Syst 28(9):1341–1345

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Massimi L, Caldarelli M, Tamburrini G, Paternoster G, Di Rocco C (2012) Isolated sagittal synostosis: definition, classification and surgical indications. Childs Nerv Syst 28(9):1311–1317

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mori K, Sakamoto T, Nakai K (1995) The surgical management of scaphocephaly. In: Goodrich JT, Hall CD (eds) Craniofacial anomalies: growth and development from a surgical perspective. Thieme, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicolini F, Arnaud A, Usami K, Vecchione A, Brunelle F, Di Rocco F (2018) Impact of extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid collection in frontal morphology after surgical treatment of scaphocephaly Francesca. Surg Neurol Int 9:215. https://doi.org/10.4103/sni.sni_13_18

  • Panchal J, Marsh JL, Park TS, Kaufman B, Pilgram T, Huang SH (1999) Sagittal craniosynostosis outcome assessment for two methods and timings of intervention. Plast Reconstr Surg 103(6):1574–1584

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Posnick JC, Lin KY, Chen P, Armstrong D (1993) Sagittal synostosis: quantitative assessment of presenting deformity and surgical results based on CT scans. Plast Reconstr Surg 92(6):1015–1024

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Posnick JC, Armstrong D, Bite U (1995) Metopic and sagittal synostosis: intracranial volume measurements prior to and after cranio-orbital reshaping in childhood. Plast Reconstr Surg 96(2):299–309, discussion 310–5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raybaud C, Di Rocco C (2007) Brain malformation in syndromic craniosynostoses, a primary disorder of white matter: a review. Childs Nerv Syst 23(12):1379–1388

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Renier D, Sainte-Rose C, Marchac D, Hirsch JF (1982) Intracranial pressure in craniostenosis. J Neurosurg 57(3):370–377

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ricci D, Vasco G, Baranello G, Salerni A, Amante R, Tamburrini G, Dickmann A, Di Rocco C, Velardi F, Mercuri E (2007) Visual function in infants with non-syndromic craniosynostosis. Dev Med Child Neurol 49(8):574–576

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rothenbuhler A, Fadel N, Debza Y, Bacchetta J, Diallo MT, Adamsbaum C, Linglart A, Di Rocco F (2018) High incidence of cranial synostosis and Chiari I malformation in children with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR). J Bone Miner Res 23

    Google Scholar 

  • Seeberger R, Hoffmann J, Freudlsperger C, Berger M, Bodem J, Horn D, Engel M (2016) Intracranial volume in isolated sagittal synostosis measured by 3D photocephalometry. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 44(5):626–631

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seruya M, Tan SY, Wray AC, Penington AJ, Greensmith AL, Holmes AD, Chong DK (2013) Total cranial vault remodeling for isolated sagittal synostosis: part I. Postoperative cranial suture patency. Plast Reconstr Surg 132(4):602e–610e

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shipster C, Hearst D, Somerville A, Stackhouse J, Hayward R, Wade A (2003) Speech, language, and cognitive development in children with isolated sagittal synostosis. Dev Med Child Neurol 45(1):34–43

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Simmons O (2010) Late craniofacial reconstruction. In: Jallo GI, Kothbauer KF, Pradilla G (eds) Controversies in pediatric neurosurgery. Thieme, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Speltz ML, Kapp-Simon KA, Cunningham M, Marsh J, Dawson G (2004) Single-suture craniosynostosis: a review of neurobehavioral research and theory. J Pediatr Psychol 29(8):651–668

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Speltz ML, Collett BR, Wallace ER, Starr JR, Cradock MM, Buono L, Cunningham M, Kapp-Simon K (2015) Intellectual and academic functioning of school-age children with single-suture craniosynostosis. Pediatrics 135(3):e615–e623

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Tahiri Y, Paliga JT, Wes AM, Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA (2015) Perioperative complications associated with intracranial procedures in patients with nonsyndromic single-suture craniosynostosis. J Craniofac Surg 26(1):118–123

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson DNP, Britto J (2004) Classification and clinical diagnosis. In: Hayward R, Jones B, Dunaway D, Evans R (eds) The clinical management of craniosynostosis. Mac Keith Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Usami K, Nicolini F, Arnaud E, Di Rocco F (2016) Cerebrospinal fluid collections in sagittal suture synostosis. Childs Nerv Syst 32(3):519–525

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Veelen ML, Mathijssen IM (2012) Spring-assisted correction of sagittal suture synostosis. Childs Nerv Syst 28(9):1347–1351

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Veelen ML, Eelkman Rooda OH, de Jong T, Dammers R, van Adrichem LN, Mathijssen IM (2013) Results of early surgery for sagittal suture synostosis: long-term follow-up and the occurrence of raised intracranial pressure. Childs Nerv Syst 29(6):997–1005

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Veelen ML, Bredero HH, Dirven CM, Mathijssen IM (2015a) Effect of presurgical positioning on skull shape in sagittal suture synostosis. J Craniofac Surg 26(6):2012–2014

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Veelen ML, Mihajlovic D, Dammers R, Lingsma H, van Adrichem LN (2015b) Mathijssen IM Frontobiparietal remodeling with or without a widening bridge for sagittal synostosis: comparison of 2 cohorts for aesthetic and functional outcome. J Neurosurg Pediatr 16(1):86–93

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yarbrough CK, Smyth MD, Holekamp TF, Ranalli NJ, Huang AH, Patel KB, Kane AA, Woo AS (2014) Delayed synostoses of uninvolved sutures after surgical treatment of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. J Craniofac Surg 25(1):119–123

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ye X, Guilmatre A, Reva B, Peter I, Heuzé Y, Richtsmeier JT, Fox DJ, Goedken RJ, Jabs EW, Romitti PA (2016) Mutation screening of candidate genes in patients with non syndromic sagittal synostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 137(3):952–961

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Federico Di Rocco .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Di Rocco, F. (2019). Sagittal Synostoses. In: Di Rocco, C., Pang, D., Rutka, J. (eds) Textbook of Pediatric Neurosurgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31512-6_58-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31512-6_58-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-31512-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-31512-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics