Abstract
Methanogens are strictly anaerobic, methane-producing archaea. All characterized members belong to the phylum Euryarchaeota, but methanogenesis pathway is also predicted to be present in the newly proposed phyla Bathyarchaeota and Verstraetearchaeota. This indicates that the diversity of methanogens may be larger than previously excepted. Although methanogens share a set of physiological characteristics, they are phylogenetically very diverse. The current taxonomy classifies methanogens into seven well established orders: Methanobacteriales, Methanococcales, Methanomicrobiales, Methanosarcinales, Methanopyrales, Methanocellales, and Methanomassiliicoccales. This taxonomy is supported by 16S rRNA gene sequences as well as a number of physiological properties, e.g. substrates for methanogenesis, nutritional requirements, morphologies, and structures of cell envelopes. Methanogens are abundant in a wide variety of anaerobic environments where they catalyze the terminal step in the anaerobic food chain by converting methanogenic substrates to methane. The complexity of methanogenesis pathways suggests an ancient monophyletic origin of methanogens, a hypothesis that is supported by phylogenetic analyses based upon DNA sequences.
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Lyu, Z., Liu, Y. (2018). Diversity and Taxonomy of Methanogens. In: Stams, A., Sousa, D. (eds) Biogenesis of Hydrocarbons. Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53114-4_5-2
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Diversity and Taxonomy of Methanogens- Published:
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