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Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome for Tissue Repair

  • Living reference work entry
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Cell Engineering and Regeneration

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Biomedical Engineering ((TIENRE))

Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells that can be easily harvested from a variety of human tissues and have the capacity to differentiate in multiple cell lineages. From a therapeutic perspective, MSC plasticity and low immunogenicity render these cells suitable for cell therapy and tissue engineering. Tissue regeneration from transplanted MSCs was originally proposed as the principal mechanism underlying their therapeutic action. However, recent studies have demonstrated that, instead of differentiating into target tissue types, stem cells exert their therapeutic effects via the secretion of bioactive factors with anti-apoptotic, anti-scarring, pro-vasculogenic and immunomodulatory effects. This concept is supported by preclinical studies demonstrating equal or even improved organ function upon infusion of MSC secretome compared with MSC transplantation. In this chapter we will describe key MSC-secreted factors and their functional role on cardiovascular, renal, liver, and neurodegenerative disease models. A better characterization and understanding of MSC secretome will also be discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Ministero Italiano della Sanità [Grant number GR-2008-1142871 and GR-2010-2320533], the Fondazione Cariplo [Grant number 2007-5984], and the Ministero Italiano degli Affari Esteri [Grant number ZA11GR2].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Coronary Care Unit, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology for Cell and Molecular Therapy, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy

    Massimiliano Gnecchi, Maria Chiara Ciuffreda & Manuela Mura

  2. Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy

    Massimiliano Gnecchi & Manuela Mura

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  1. Massimiliano Gnecchi
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  2. Maria Chiara Ciuffreda
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  3. Manuela Mura
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Correspondence to Massimiliano Gnecchi .

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  1. Tulane Univ. Sch. of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Jeffrey M. Gimble

  2. AUVA Center, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimen, Vienna, Austria

    Darja Marolt

  3. Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

    Richard Oreffo

  4. Experimental and Clinical Traumatol, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for, Wien, Austria

    Heinz Redl

  5. AUVA Center, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimen, Vienna, Austria

    Susanne Wolbank

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Gnecchi, M., Ciuffreda, M.C., Mura, M. (2019). Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome for Tissue Repair. In: Gimble, J., Marolt, D., Oreffo, R., Redl, H., Wolbank, S. (eds) Cell Engineering and Regeneration. Reference Series in Biomedical Engineering(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-37076-7_43-1

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