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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Shift Soil Bacterial Community Composition and Reduce Soil Ammonia Volatilization and Nitrous Oxide Emissions

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Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish mutualistic relationships with the majority of terrestrial plants, increasing plant uptake of soil nitrogen (N) in exchange for photosynthates. And may influence soil ammonia (NH3) volatilization and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions directly by improving plant N uptake, and/or indirectly by modifying soil bacterial community composition for the soil C availability increasing. However, the effects of AMF on soil NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We carried out two independent experiments using contrasting methods, one with a compartmental box device (in 2016) and the other with growth pot experiment (in 2020) to examine functional relationships between AMF and soil NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions under varying N input. The presence of AMF significantly reduced soil NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions while enhancing plant biomass and plant N acquisition, and reducing soil NH4+ and NO3−, even with high N input. The presence of AMF also significantly reduced the relative abundance within the bacterial orders Sphingomonadales and Rhizobiales. Sphingomonadales correlated significantly and positively with soil NH3 volatilization in 2016 and N2O emissions, whereas Rhizobiales correlated positively with soil N2O emissions. High N input significantly increased soil NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions with increasing relative abundance of Sphingomonadales and Rhizobiales. These findings demonstrate the contribution of AMF in regulating NH3 and N2O emission by improving plant N uptake and altering soil bacterial communities. They also suggest that altering the rhizosphere microbiome might offer additional potential for restoration of N-enriched agroecosystems.

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Funding

This research was partially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province of China (No. 182300410013), Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Henan Agricultural University (No. 30500712), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFD0200605).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Agronomy, Co-construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China

    Tangqing He, Xuelin Zhang, Jiaqi Du, Shuo Yang, Minghui Tian, Chenxi Zhang & Yanan Zhou

  2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Tangqing He

  3. Department of Biology, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, 32514, USA

    Frank S. Gilliam

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X. Z designed this study. Y. Z. and M. T conducted the experiments, and T. H. and X. Z. wrote the first draft. T. H. improved the figures and tables. T. H., J. D., S. Y., M. T., C. Z., F. S G., Q. Y, and C. L edited the draft and provided editorial advice. All authors contributed to the writing.

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Correspondence to Xuelin Zhang.

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He, T., Zhang, X., Du, J. et al. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Shift Soil Bacterial Community Composition and Reduce Soil Ammonia Volatilization and Nitrous Oxide Emissions. Microb Ecol 85, 951–964 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-023-02172-3

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