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Glycine Betaine as a Major Osmolyte under Abiotic Stress in Halophytes

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Handbook of Halophytes

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Abstract

Among different organic solutes, glycine betaine (GB) is an important compatible solute under stress condition. It performs different functions, and under stressed environment, its role becomes pivotal as an osmo−/stress-protectant. Choline and glycine are precursor molecules in GB biosynthetic pathway. Choline monooxygenase (CMO) and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) function as biosynthetic enzymes. Under stress conditions, the role of increased GB contents has been advocated in stress tolerance through their involvement in different stress-responsive pathways. In an extreme halophyte Salicornia species, GB contents and BADH mRNA transcript increased under salinity stress. The role of exogenously supplied GB has also been shown in salt tolerance in plants. This offered opportunity for genetic engineering with genes involved in GB biosynthesis for the development of stress tolerance, and considerable work has been carried out in tobacco and Arabidopsis. GB protects photosynthetic apparatus, and increased photosynthesis makes survival easy under stressed environment. The present chapter will focus on GB and its role and implication in the development of climate-resilient crops.

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Acknowledgments

CSIR-CSMCRI PRIS-31/2020.

Authors thankfully acknowledge the CSIR, Govt. of India, for the different projects and the establishment of research facilities. Authors acknowledge the financial support of GSBTM (80G2DT/GAP 2080), Govt. of Gujarat, for the castor tissue culture. SAS is thankful to UGC, Govt. of India, for the support in the form of UGC-JRF/SRF. AK is thankful to DBT for JRF and SRF. SAS and AK are thankful to the Academy of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, for the registration in Ph.D. program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India

    Shahrukh A. Siddiqui, Anupam Kumari & Mangal S. Rathore

  2. Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), An Institute of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar (Gujarat), India

    Shahrukh A. Siddiqui, Anupam Kumari & Mangal S. Rathore

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Correspondence to Mangal S. Rathore .

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  1. Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania

    Marius-Nicusor Grigore

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  1. Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain

    Oscar Vicente

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Siddiqui, S.A., Kumari, A., Rathore, M.S. (2021). Glycine Betaine as a Major Osmolyte under Abiotic Stress in Halophytes. In: Grigore, MN. (eds) Handbook of Halophytes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_118-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_118-2

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  1. Latest

    Glycine Betaine as a Major Osmolyte under Abiotic Stress in Halophytes
    Published:
    10 November 2020

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_118-2

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    30 September 2020

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_118-1

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