Abstract
The energy transition and dissipation of atomic-scale friction are investigated using the one-dimensional Prandtl-Tomlinson model. A systematic study of the factors influencing the energy dissipation is conducted, indicating that the energy that accumulated during the stick stage does not always dissipate completely during stick-slip motion. We adopt the energy-dissipation ratio (EDR) to describe the relationship between the energy dissipated permanently in the system and the conservative reversible energy that can be reintroduced to the driving system after the slip process. The EDR can change continuously from 100% to 0, covering the stick-slip, intermediate, and smooth-sliding regimes, depending on various factors such as the stiffness, potential-energy corrugation, damping coefficient, sliding velocity, and the temperature of the system. Among these, the parameter η, which depends on both the surface potential and the lateral stiffness, is proven in this paper to have the most significant impact on the EDR. According to η-T phase diagrams of the EDR, the smooth-sliding superlubricity and thermolubricity are found to be unified with regard to the energy dissipation and transition. An analytical formulation for the EDR that can be used to quantitatively predict the amount of energy dissipation is derived from a lateral-force curve.
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Zijian WANG. He received his bachelor degree in mechanical engineering in 2013 from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. During his undergraduate, he joined a double-degree program and studied in Ecole Centrale de Lyon, France. He is currently a M.S. student in the State Key Laboratory of Tribology at Tsinghua University. His research interests include energy dissipation in friction, lattice vibrations and phonon emission induced by friction.
Tianbao MA. He received his Ph.D degree in mechanical engineering in 2007 from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. He joined the State Key Laboratory of Tribology at Tsinghua University at 2009. His current position is an associate professor. His research area covers the atomic-scale friction, superlubricity, tribochemistry and nanomanufacturing.
Yuanzhong HU. He graduated in 1968 from Tsinghua University, and received his PhD in 1985. Since then he joined the State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, as an associate professor and later a professor. During 1989–1992, he worked in Norwegian Technical University, Norway, and in Northwestern University, US, as a postdoctoral fellow. He studied in the US again during 1997.5–1998.12, as a visiting scholar. His research interests include EHL, mixed lubrication, wear dynamics, nano-tribology, thin film rheology, molecular dynamics simulations, etc., and in these areas he has more than 100 papers published on international journals.
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Wang, ZJ., Ma, TB., Hu, YZ. et al. Energy dissipation of atomic-scale friction based on one-dimensional Prandtl-Tomlinson model. Friction 3, 170–182 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-015-0086-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-015-0086-2