Abstract
We perform numerical simulations of two-phase liquid–gas sheared layers, with the objective of studying atomization. The Navier–Stokes equations for two-dimensional incompressible flow are solved in a periodic domain. A volume-of-fluid method is used to track the interface. The density ratio is kept around 10. The calculations show good agreement with a fully viscous Orr–Sommerfeld linear theory over several orders of magnitude of interface growth. The nonlinear development shows the growth of finger-like structures, or ligaments, and the detachment of droplets. The effect of the Weber and Reynolds numbers, the boundary layer width and the initial perturbation amplitude are discussed through a number of typical cases. Inversion of the liquid boundary layer is shown to yield more readily ligaments bending upwards and is thus more likely to produce droplets.
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Communicated by J.R. Blake
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Boeck, T., Li, J., López-Pagés, E. et al. Ligament formation in sheared liquid–gas layers. Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn. 21, 59–76 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00162-006-0022-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00162-006-0022-1
Keywords
- Kelvin-Helmholtz instability
- Two-fluid mixing layer
- Atomization
- Multiphase shear flow
- Ligaments
- Droplet formation
- Ligament breakup
- Volume of fluid