Abstract
Neurotoxicity of acrylamide and related compounds and their effects on the testis after repeated oral doses were studied in mice. Of fourteen analogues tested, five produced neuropathy. In decreasing order of potency as assessed by the rotarod performance test, these were as follows: acrylamide > N-isopropylacrylamide > N-methylacrylamide = methacrylamide > N-hydroxymethylacrylamide. The development of neurotoxicity was either greatly reduced or delayed by phenobarbital treatment. Acrylamide, N-hydroxymethylacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide and N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide produced testicular atrophy. Atrophy was either prevented by phenobarbital treatment, as in the cases of acrylamide and N-isopropylacrylamide, or reduced, as in the case of N-hydroxymethylacrylamide. Histological changes in the testis produced by the active compounds were degenerations of the epithelial cells of the seminiferous tubules, with the interstitial cells being normal.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Drees DT, Crago FL, Hopper CR, Smith JM (1976) Subchronic percutaneous toxicity of acrylamide and methacrylamide in the new-born rabbit. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 37: 190
Dunham NW, Miya TS (1957) A note on a simple apparatus for detecting neurological deficit in rats and mice. J Am Pharm Assoc 46: 208–209
Edwards PM (1975a) Neurotoxicity of acrylamide and its analogues and effects of these analogues and other agents on acrylamide neuropathy. Br J Ind Med 32: 31–38
Edwards PM (1975b) The distribution and metabolism of acrylamide and its neurotoxic analogues in rats. Biochem Pharmacol 24: 1277–1282
Hashimoto K, Aldridge WN (1970) Biochemical studies on acrylamide. A neurotoxic agent. Biochem Pharmacol 19: 2591–2604
Hashimoto K, Sakamoto J, Tanii H (1979) Gonadotropic effects of acrylamide and N-hydroxymethylacrylamide in animals. Proc Medichem Conf: 278–289
Kaplan ML, Murphy SL, Gilles FH (1973) Modification of acrylamide neuropathy in rats by selected factors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 24: 564–579
Langvardt PW, Putzig JD, Young JD, Braun WH (1979) Isolation and identification of urinary metabolites of vinyl-type compounds. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 48: A54
McCollister DD, Oyen F, Rowe VK (1964) Toxicology of acrylamide. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 6: 172–181
Sharma RP, Obersteiner EJ (1977) Acrylamide cytotoxicity in chick ganglia cultures. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 42: 149–156
Smythe CV (1936) The reaction of iodoacetate and of iodoacetamide with various sulphydryl groups, with ureas, and with yeast preparations. J Biol Chem 114: 601–612
Spencer PS, Schaumburg HH (1974a) A review of acrylamide neurotoxicity, Part I. Properties, uses and human exposure. Can J Neurol Sci 1: 143–150
Spencer PS, Schaumburg HH (1974b) A review of acrylamide neurotoxicity. Part II. Experimental animal neurotoxicity and pathologic mechanisms. Can J Neurol Sci 1: 152–169
SRI (1976) Stanford Research Institute: Directory of chemical producers (1975); cited from Investigation of selected potential environmental contaminants: Acrylamide. US Department of Commerce
Weil CS (1952) Tables for convenient calculation of median effective dose (LD50 or ED50) and instructions in their use. Biometrics 8: 249–263
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hashimoto, K., Sakamoto, J. & Tanii, H. Neurotoxicity of acrylamide and related compounds and their effects on male gonads in mice. Arch Toxicol 47, 179–189 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00368678
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00368678
Key words
- Acrylamide analogues
- Acrylamide
- N-tert-Butylacrylamide
- Crotonamide
- Diacetone acrylamide
- N,N-Diethylacrylamide
- N,N-Dimethylacrylamide
- N-Hydroxymethylacrylamide
- Iodoacetamide
- N-Isobutoxymethylacrylamide
- N-Isopropylacrylamide
- Methacrylamide
- N-Methylacrylamide
- N,N′-Methylene-bis-acrylamide
- N-tert-Octylacrylamide
- Neuropathy
- Testicular damage
- Phenobarbital
- Mice