Abstract
Cotyledons from immature embryos of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cv. Osceola were exposed to 2,4-D or NAA to induce somatic embryogenesis. NAA at 10 or 20 mg 1−1 was very inefficient at stimulating embryogenesis, while concentrations of 30 or 40 mg 1−1 resulted in death of the explant tissue. Continuous exposure of cotyledons to 40 mg 1−1 2,4-D resulted in somatic embryos which were arrested at the globular stage, or which underwent cycles of secondary embryogenesis, never proceeding beyond the globular stage. A 10 day exposure time to 2,4-D at the same concentration led to formation of somatic embryos, most of which had poorly developed cotyledons. Almost 10% of the somatic embryos converted into plants following transfer to medium devoid of growth regulators. Attempts to improve morphology of somatic embryos by using shorter exposure times to 2,4-D at 40 mg 1−1, or by maintaining the 10 day exposure time while varying the concentration of 2,4-D, were not successful. Plants were obtained from all parents evaluated, although at different frequencies.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Ahuja PS, Lu DY, Cocking EC, Davey MR (1983) Plant Cell Rep 2: 269–272
Bhojwani SS, Mullins K, Cohen D (1984) Euphytica 33: 915–921
Bond JE, Webb KJ (1989) Plant Sci 61: 119–125
Carlson GE, Gibson PB, Baltensperger DD (1985) In: Bames, RF, Metcalfe, DS (eds) Forages-The Science of Grassland Agriculture. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA, pp 118–127
Cui D, Myers JR, Collins GB, Lazzeri PA (1988) Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 15: 33–45
Finer JJ (1988a) Plant Cell Rep 7: 238–241
Finer JJ, Nagasawa A (1988b) Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 15: 125–136
Gamborg OL, Miller RA, Ojima K (1968) Exp Cell Res 50: 150–158
Gresshoff PM (1980) Bot Gaz 141: 157–164
Halperin W, Wetherell DF (1964) Am J Bot 51: 274–283
Hartweck LM, Lazzeri PA, Cui D, Collins GB, Williams EG (1988) In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 24: 821–828
Lazzeri PA, Hildebrand DF, Collins GB (1985) Plant Mol Biol Rep 3: 160–167
Lazzeri PA, Hildebrand DF, Collins GB (1987) Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 10: 197–208
Maheswaran G, Williams EG (1984) Ann Bot 54: 201–211
Maheswaran G, Williams EG (1985) Ann Bot 56: 619–630
Maheswaran G, Williams EG (1986) Ann Bot 57: 109–117
McGee JD, Williams EG, Collins GB, Hildebrand DF (1989) J Plant Physiol 135: 306–312
McGranahan GH, Leslie CA, Uratsu S, Martin LA, Dandekar AM (1988) Bio/Technology 6: 800–804
McGranahan GH, Leslie CA, Uratsu SL, Dandekar AM (1990) Plant Cell Rep 8: 512–516
McMullen MD, Finer JJ (1990) J Cell Biochem Supplement 14E: 285
Merkle SA, Wiecko AT (1989) Can J For Res 19: 285–288
Mohapatra SS, Gresshoff PM (1982) Plant Cell Rep 1: 189–192
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) Physiol Plant 15: 473–497
Oswald TH, Smith AE, Phillips DV (1977) Physiol Plant 39: 129–134
Ozias-Akins P (1989) Plant Cell Rep 8: 217–218
Parrott WA, Collins GB (1983) Plant Sci Lett 28: 189–184
Parrott WA, Dryden G, Vogt S, Hildebrand DF, Collins GB, Williams EG (1988) In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 24: 817–820
Pederson GA (1986) Plant Sci 45: 101–104
Pelletier G, Pelletier A (1971) Ann Amélior Plantes 21: 221–233
Phillips GC, Collins GB (1980) Crop Sci 20: 323–326
Trigiano RN, Beaty RM, Graham ET (1988) Plant Cell Rep 7: 148–150
Webb KJ, Fay MF, Dale PJ (1987a) Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 11: 37–46
Webb KJ, Woodcock S, Chamberlain DA (1987b) Plant Breed 98: 111–118
White DWR (1984) Planta 162: 1–7
Yamada T (1989) Euphytica 44: 181–186
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by C.T. Harms
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Parrott, W.A. Auxin-stimulated somatic embryogenesis from immature cotyledons of white clover. Plant Cell Reports 10, 17–21 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00233025
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00233025