The observation that protein sequences accumulate substitutions in time at an almost regular rate [1] created a great interest in molecular evolution, suggesting that substitutions in protein sequences can be used as an effective ‘molecular clock’ for estimating the time elapsed from the last common ancestor among genes [1-5]. This approach opened a new avenue for reconstructing the tree of life by analyzing the sequences of orthologous genes, whose evolutionary tree coincides with the tree of the species containing them. The practical importance of the study of molecular evolution became therefore evident as a way to reconstruct natural histories.
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Bastolla, U., Porto, M., Roman, H.E., Vendruscolo, M. (2007). The Structurally Constrained Neutral Model of Protein Evolution. In: Bastolla, U., Porto, M., Roman, H.E., Vendruscolo, M. (eds) Structural Approaches to Sequence Evolution. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-35306-5_4
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