Abstract
The ubiquitous computing community has widely researched the use of 802.11 for the purpose of location inference. Meanwhile, Bluetooth is increasingly widely deployed due to its low power consumption and cost. This paper describes a study of Bluetooth radio propagation using an accurate indoor location system to conduct fine-grained signal strength surveys. We discuss practical problems and requirements encountered setting up the infrastructure using the ultrasonic Active Bat indoor location system, and limitations of the commodity Bluetooth devices used. We conclude that Bluetooth is poorly suited to the purpose of fine-grained, low latency location inference due to specification and hardware limitations, and note that the movement speed of mobile devices is an important factor in calculating available bandwidth. We publish our data sets of signal strength samples for the community to freely use in future research.
Access provided by Autonomous University of Puebla. Download to read the full chapter text
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References
Addlesee, M., Curwen, R., Hodges, S., Newman, J., Steggles, P., Ward, A., Hopper, A.: Implementing a sentient computing system. IEEE Computer 34(8), 50–56 (2001)
Bahl, P., Padmanabhan, V.N.: RADAR: An in-building RF-based user location and tracking system. In: IEEE Infocom (March 2000)
Bluetooth Special Interest Group. Bluetooth core specification 1.1, https://www.bluetooth.org/spec/
Cambridge Silicon Radio. BlueCore Bluetooth chipset ,Online at http://www.csr.com/products/bc-family.htm
Golmie, N., Dyck, R.E.V., Soltanian, A., Tonnerre, A., Rebala, O.: Interference evaluation of Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b systems. Wireless Networks 9(3), 201–211 (2003)
Graumann, D., Hightower, J., Lara, W., Borriello, G.: Real-world implementation of the Location Stack: The Universal Location Framework. In: Fifth IEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (October 2003)
Gwon, Y., Jain, R., Kawahara, T.: Robust indoor location estimation of stationary and mobile users. In: IEEE Infocom (March 2004)
Harle, R.K.: Maintaining World Models in Context-Aware Environments. PhD thesis, University of Cambridge (2004)
Harle, R.K., Ward, A., Hopper, A.: Single Reflection Spatial Voting: A novel method for discovering reflective surfaces using indoor positioning systems. In: First International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services, pp. 1– 14 (May 2003)
Harter, A., Hopper, P., Steggles, A.: Ward, and P. Webster. The anatomy of a context-aware application. In: 5th Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (1999)
Hodgdon, C.: Adaptive frequency hopping for reduced interference between Bluetooth and wireless LAN, Ericsson Technology Licensing (May 2003)
In-Stat/MDR. Bluetooth-enabled products poised to swim in the mainstream (April 2004) Order Code R97-1590
Kumar, A., Gupta, R.: Capacity evaluation of frequency hopping based ad-hoc systems. In: Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems, pp. 133–142. ACM Press, New York (2001)
Madhavapeddy, A., Tse, A.: Bluetooth propagation datasets, Available online at http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/Research/DTG/research/bluetoothsurvey/
Mansley, K., Scott, D., Tse, A., Madhavapeddy, A.: Feedback, latency, accuracy: exploring tradeoffs in location-aware gaming. In: SIGCOMM 2004 Workshops: Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM 2004 workshops on NetGames 2004, pp. 93–97. ACM Press, New York (2004)
Mobiwave. Bluetooth protocol analyser BPA-D10, http://www.mobiwave.com/bpa.htm
Nokia Mobile Phones. AT command set for Nokia GSM products ,Online at http://www.forum.nokia.com/
Priyantha, N.B., Chakraborty, A., Balakrishnan, H.: The Cricket Location- Support System. In: 6th ACM MOBICOM, Boston, MA (August 2000)
Schilit, B., LaMarca, A., Borriello, G., William Griswold, D.M., Lazowska, E., Balachandran, A., Iverson, J.H.V.: Challenge: Ubiquitous location-aware computing and the Place Lab initiative. In: First ACM International Workshop of Wireless Mobile Applications and Services on WLAN (September 2003)
Tao, P., Rudys, A., Ladd, A.M., Wallach, D.S.: Wireless LAN location-sensing for security applications. In: Proceedings of the Second ACM Workshop on Wireless Security (WiSe), San Diego, CA (September 2003)
Ward, A.: Sensor-driven Computing. PhD thesis, University of Cambridge (1998)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Madhavapeddy, A., Tse, A. (2005). A Study of Bluetooth Propagation Using Accurate Indoor Location Mapping. In: Beigl, M., Intille, S., Rekimoto, J., Tokuda, H. (eds) UbiComp 2005: Ubiquitous Computing. UbiComp 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3660. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11551201_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11551201_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-28760-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31941-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)