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Konsiliar- und Liaisonpsychiatrie

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Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik, Psychotherapie

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Zusammenfassung

Konsiliar- und Liaisonpsychiatrie definieren ein genuines Arbeitsfeld der Psychiatrie im Kontext der verschiedenen somatisch-medizinischen Kliniken und Abteilungen eines Allgemeinkrankenhauses. Ihr diagnostischer und therapeutischer Fokus richtet sich in erster Linie auf folgende Patientengruppen: Patienten mit gleichzeitig einer somatischen Erkrankung und psychischen Störung, Patienten mit einer somatischen Erkrankung und sekundärer psychischer Störung sowie Patienten mit psychischen Störungen, die sich vorrangig in körperlichen Symptomen äußern (z. B. somatoforme Störungen) oder bei denen somatische Symptome als Folge einer psychischen Störung auftreten (z. B. körperlicher Krankheitsfolgen von Suchterkrankungen). Im Rahmen der konsiliarpsychiatrischen Tätigkeit wird der Psychiater auf Anforderung zu einem einzelnen Patienten hinzugezogen. Er ist deshalb in seiner Tätigkeit abhängig von der Kompetenz der somatisch-medizinischen Kollegen, bei ihren Patienten psychosoziale Probleme und/oder psychische Störungen wahrzunehmen. Die liaisonpsychiatrische Tätigkeit dagegen beinhaltet eine regelmäßige Einbindung des Psychiaters in das gesamte Behandlungsteam einer klinisch medizinischen Station (er nimmt z. B. auch an Stationsvisiten teil) und zielt auf eine Sensibilisierung des Behandlungsteams für die psychiatrischen und psychosozialen Probleme der Patienten. Während der Konsiliarpsychiater primär in der Akutversorgung von körperlich kranken Patienten mit koexistenten psychosozialen Problemen und/oder psychischen Störungen engagiert ist, gelingt es dem Liaisonpsychiater eher, durch seine Integration in einen definierten stationären Behandlungsrahmen und seine kontinuierliche Präsenz auch in einem gewissen Ausmaß präventiv und weiterbildend zu wirken. Konsiliarpsychiatrie wie Liaisonpsychiatrie begründen kooperative Arbeitsmodelle innerhalb der klinischen Medizin. Beide Ansätze orientieren sich an einem breit angelegten, allgemeinen Modell der psychosomatischen Medizin.

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  1. Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapeutische Medizin, Medizinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 31, Graz, 8036, Österreich

    Hans-Peter Kapfhammer

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  1. em. Direktor der Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, München, Germany

    Hans-Jürgen Möller

  2. Ehem. Ärztlicher Direktor des kbo-Inn-Salzach-Klinikums für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Neurologie, Akadem. Lehrkrankenhaus der LMU München Institut für Psychologische Medizin (IPM), Soyen, Germany

    Gerd Laux

  3. Vorstand der Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapeutische Medizin, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Austria

    Hans-Peter Kapfhammer

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Kapfhammer, HP. (2017). Konsiliar- und Liaisonpsychiatrie. In: Möller, HJ., Laux, G., Kapfhammer, HP. (eds) Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik, Psychotherapie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49295-6_87

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