Abstract
Grain sticking often occurs in the fluidized bed reduction of fine iron ore, which is closely related to the precipitation morphology of metallic iron on the surface of ore particles. In this work, simulating the gas-solid reduction process of iron ore, in situ observations were carried out to investigate effects of doping mineral oxides on the precipitation morphology evolution of metallic iron during reduction of iron oxides with CO. Results indicate that the precipitation morphology of metallic iron is related to the quantity of doped mineral oxides. The minimum mole fraction of doped oxide \(({N_{{A_y}{O_x}}})\) that can inhibit the growth of iron whiskers is related to its cation radius \(({r_{{A^{x + }}}})\), extranuclear electronic layers \(({n_{{A^{x + }}}})\) and valence electrons \(({q_{{A^{x + }}}})\). Their relation can be expressed as: \({N_{{A_y}{O_x}}} = 1.3 \times {10^{ - 5}} \cdot \frac{{r_{{A^{x + }}}^2 \cdot \sqrt {{n_{{A^{x + }}}}} }}{{({q_{{A^{x + }}}} - 1)!}}\)
Access provided by Autonomous University of Puebla. Download to read the full chapter text
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Istitute of Chemical Metallurgy of Academia Sinica, Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Gas ironmaking in Fluidized Bed (Beijing: Scientific and Technology Literature Publishing House, 1977).
Komatina M, Gudenau H W, “The Sticking problem during direct reduction of fine Iron ore in the fluidized bed,” Metalurgija, (2004), 309–328.
Degel R, “Eisenerzreduktion in der Wirbelschiht mit wasserstoffreichem Gas: Sticking und Ansätze,” (Dissertation, Germany, RWTH Aachen 1996).
Schiller M, “Mikromorphologie der Eisenphase als Folge der Reduktion von Eisenoxiden. Dissertation,” (Germany, RWTH Aachen 1987).
Gudenau H W, Hirsch M, Denecke H, et al, “Direct reduction of iron ore fines in a fluidized bed using hydrogen-rich gas,” Stahl und Eisen (Germany), 117(4) (1997), 91–99.
Gudenau H W, Fang J, Hirata T, et al, “Fluidized bed reduction as the prestep of smelting reduction,” Steel Res, 60(314) (1989), 138–44.
Fang J, “Sticking problem in fluidized bed iron ore reduction,” China: Iron Steel, 26 (5) (1991), 11–14.
Zhilong Zhao, Huiqing Tang, Zhancheng Guo, “In situ observation and mechanism research of the influence of CaO on the growth of iron whiskers under CO atmosphere,” Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 33(7) (2011), 817–22.
Nicolle R, Rist A, “The Mechanism of Whisker Growth in the Reduction of Wüstite,” Metallurgical Transactions B, 10B (1979), 429–36.
Bartels M, Lin W G, Nijenhuis J, “Agglomeration in fluidized beds at high temperatures: Mechanisms, detection and prevention,” Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 34(5) (2008), 633–66.
Kashiwaya Y, Yamaguchi Y, Kinoshita H, et al, “In Situ Observation of Reduction Behavior of Hematite with Solid Carbon and Crystallographic Orientation between Hematite and Magnetite,” ISIJ International, 47(2) (2007), 226–33.
Shannon By R D, “Revised Effective Ionic Radii and Systematic Studies of Interatomie Distances,” Acta Cryst, A32 (1976), 751–67.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Guo, Z., Zhao, Z., Tang, H., Gao, J., Lin, L. (2016). Effects of Mineral Oxides on the Precipitation Micro-Morphology of Metallic Iron in the Reduction of Iron Oxides Under CO Atmosphere. In: Hwang, JY., et al. 7th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48093-0_40
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48093-0_40
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-48617-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-48093-0
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)