Abstract
The mechanism of each of the reactions in the post-squalene segment of the fungal and higher plant sterol biosynthetic pathway is outlined. The inhibitors of the enzymes catalyzing the reactions are described and how inhibition is brought about is explained in the areas where it is known.
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Abbreviations
- Campesterol:
-
24α-methylcholest-5-en-3β-ol
- cholesterol:
-
cholest-5-en-3β-ol
- cycloartenol:
-
4,4,14α-trimethyl-9β,-19-cyclo-5α-cholest-24-en-3β-ol
- cycloeucalenol:
-
4α,14α-dimethyl-9β,-19-cyclo-5α-ergost-24(28)-en-3β-ol
- desmosterol:
-
cholesta-5,24-dien-3β-ol
- dihydrobrassicasterol:
-
24β-methylcholest-5-en-3β-ol
- ergosterol:
-
24β-methylcholesta-5,7,22(Z)-trien-3β-ol
- fecosterol:
-
5α-ergosta-8,24(28)-dien-3β-ol
- fucosterol:
-
stigmasta-5,24(28E)-dien-3β-ol; lanosterol, 4,4,14α-trimethyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol
- 24-methylene cholesterol:
-
ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-3β-ol
- 24-methylene cycloartanol:
-
4,4,14α-trimethyl-9β,19-cyclo-5α-ergost-24(28)-en-3β-ol
- 24-methylene-24,25-dihydrolanosterol:
-
4,4,14α-trimethyl-5α-ergosta-8,24(28)-dien-3β-ol; 24-methylene lophenol, 4α-methyl-5α-ergosta-7,24(28)-3β-ol
- obtusifoliol:
-
4α,14α-dimethyl-5α-ergosta-8,-24(28)-dien-3β-dien-ol
- sitosterol:
-
24α-ethylcholest-5-en-3β-ol; stigmasterol, 24α-ethylcholesta-5,22(E)-dien-3β-ol
- zymosterol:
-
5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol
- COI:
-
cycloeucalenol obtusifoliol isomerase
- Δ87SI:
-
sterol Δ8→Δ87 isomerase
- Δ14SR:
-
sterol Δ14-reductase
- DMI:
-
demethylation inhibitor(s)
- FAD:
-
flavin adenine dinucleotide
- HEI:
-
high energy intermediate(s)
- I50 :
-
the concentration of an inhibitor required to inhibit the activity of an enzyme by 50%
- LDAO:
-
N-lauryl-dimethylamino-N-oxide
- SAM:
-
S-adenosylmethionine
- SBI:
-
sterol biosynthesis inhibitor(s)
- SMT:
-
sterol methyltransferase(s)
- TS:
-
transition state
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Mercer, E.I. Sterol biosynthesis inhibitors: Their current status and modes of action. Lipids 26, 584–597 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536422
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536422