Summary
Chloroplasts and chromoplasts were isolated from green and red fruits, respectively, of the bell pepper, Capsicum annuum var. Emerald giant. A comparison of the restriction patterns of DNAs isolated from these plastids was made using single and double digests by SacI, PvuII, PstI, and SalI and found to be indistinguishable. It is inferred therefore that the conversion of chloroplasts to chromoplasts in Capsicum annuum does not involve any large rearrangements of the plastid chromosome. A restriction map of Capsicum annuum plastid DNA was constructed using the same restriction enzymes in single digests and in all possible pair combinations. Overlapping restriction fragments were identified by digesting each product of a single digest with each of the other three enzymes. The resulting restriction map is similar to that of chloroplast DNA from other members of the Solanaceae with respect to most restriction sites. The genome size corresponds to 143 kbp. The locations of 24 genes, coding for ribosomal RNAs and for proteins of Photosystem I (PSI), Photosystem II (PSII), ATP synthase, cytochromes, the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (E.C. 4.1.1.29) (RuBPC), and ribosomal proteins were determined by probing Southern blots of Capsicum chloroplast DNA with probes of genes from spinach and tobacco. The gene locations are completely conserved with respect to those of other members of the Solanaceae and the majority of higher land plants.
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Abbreviations
- atpA, atpB, atpE, and atpF:
-
genes for the α, β, ε, and I subunit, respectively, of ATP synthase
- cpDNA:
-
chloroplast DNA
- petA, petB, petD:
-
genes for cytochrome f, cytochrome b 6, and subunit IV of cytochrome b 6/f complex, respectively
- psaA, psaB, psaC:
-
genes for the P700 apoproteins
- psbA:
-
gene for QB
- psbB and psbC:
-
genes for the 51-kDa and 44-kDa proteins, respectively, of PSII
- psbD:
-
gene for the QB-like polypeptide of PSII
- psbE:
-
gene for cytochrome b 559
- rbcL:
-
gene for the large subunit of RuBPC
- rpl2:
-
gene for ribosomal protein L2
- rpoA:
-
gene for the α subunit of RNA polymerase
- rps11, rps12 and rps19:
-
genes for ribosomal proteins S11, S12, and S19, respectively
- rps19′:
-
open reading frame for a protein with N terminus similar to that of S19
- RuBPC:
-
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (E.C. 4.1.1.29)
- trnH:
-
gene for histidine transfer RNA
- URF39 and URF509:
-
unidentified reading frames for polypeptides of 39 and 509 amino acids, respectively
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Gene names follow the convention of Hallick and Bottomley (1983)
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Gounaris, I., Michalowski, C.B., Bohnert, H.J. et al. Restriction and gene maps of plastid DNA from Capsicum annuum . Curr Genet 11, 7–16 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00389420
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00389420