Abstract
A series of nonionic surfactants were synthesized from gallic acid and polyethylene glycols with different molecular weights. Chemical structures of the surfactants were confirmed using elemental analysis, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Surface activities of the surfactants in their solutions were determined by surface tension measurements. Increasing the polyethylene glycol chain length increased the surface activity of the surfactants in solutions. Measurements of interfacial tension between surfactants solutions and substrates with different polarity showed that the type of substrates plays functioning role on the interfacial properties. Thermodynamic properties of adsorption and micellization processes showed their tendency towards adsorption at solution interface and micellization in their solutions. Results showed reasonable surface activities compared to conventional nonionic surfactants.
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Negm, N.A., Ahmed, S.A., Abd-Elaal, A.A. et al. Synthesis and Surface Activity of Nonionic Surfactants Derived from Gallic Acid. Arab J Sci Eng 41, 67–73 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-014-1488-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-014-1488-6