Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Multifaceted analysis of copper-doped cadmium selenide thin films: exploring crystallography data, opto-electrical properties, and thermoelectric power

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The utilization of dip coating methods enabled the preparation of thin films of copper-doped cadmium selenide. Notably, improvements in cadmium selenide properties were observed with varying dopant compositions, ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 mol%. As the amount of copper increased, the colour of the film darkened, reaching its maximum thickness at 0.1 mol%. Crystallographic studies unveiled a hexagonal system for all compositions. Various parameters were determined and found to be optimized for 0.1 mol%. The optical studies, which were examined using spectrophotometer and PL techniques, revealed a nonlinear increase in optical density as the copper content increased to 0.1 mol%. Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscopy illustrated that grain sizes initially increased with copper content up to 0.1 mol%, then decrease. Furthermore, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy confirmed the stoichiometric accuracy of the prepared thin films and it found that materials have nearly stoichiometric. Regarding electrical properties, conductance at 300 K showed enhancement with increasing copper content up to 0.1 mol%, followed by a decrease. Moreover, copper-doped CdSe samples exhibited p-type conductivity, while mobility improved with copper content up to 0.1 mol%. The crystallographic, opto-electrical and thermoelectric performance of Cu doped cadmium selenide thin films are examined in detail through these comprehensive studies to gain a deeper understanding. This knowledge is necessary for optimizing the material’s properties for different uses, such as photoelectrics, light-emitting diodes, and thermoelectric energy conversion devices.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The manuscript has no associated data.

References

  1. A. Himanshu, G. Chasta, D. Suthar, A. Thakur, M. Kannan, M. Dhaka, Mater. Res. Bull. 152, 11845 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. O.I. Olusola, O.K. Echendu, I.M. Dharmadasa, J. Mater. Sci. 26, 1066 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  3. L. Zhao, L. Hu, X. Fang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 22, 1551 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. M. Hassen, R. Riahi, F. Laatar, H. Ezzaouia, Surf. Interfaces 18, 100408 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. J. Abbas, L. Tann, M. Uonis, Chalcogenide Lett. 20, 883 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. D. Yan, D. Xu, J. Li, Y. Wang, F. Liang, J. Wang, C. Yan, H. Liu, J. Shi, L. Tang, Y. He, K. Zhong, Z. Lin, Y. Zhang, H. Cheng, W. Shi, J. Yao, Y. Wu, Opt. Mater. 78, 484 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. R. Choudhary, R. Chauhan, J. Mater. Sci. 30, 5753 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. W. Jin, X. Mu, K. Zhang, Z. Shang, L. Dai, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 20, 19932 (2018)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. B. Marker, J. Hiller, F. Wackenhut, K. Braun, A. Meixner, M. Scheele, J. Chem. Phys. 151, 141102 (2019)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. N. Shelke, S. Karle, B. Karche, J. Mater. Sci. 31, 15061 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. W. Ming-Chung, C. Kao, T. Lin, S. Chan, C. Lin, Y. Huang, Z. Zhou, K. Wang, C. Lai, Sens. Actuators B 309, 127760 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. P. Jae, K. Lee, G. Lim, H. Seo, S. Kim, M. Kim, Y. Yi, H. Lee, D. Son, Org. Electron. 2020, 105707 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  13. N. Rathee, N. Jaggi, Vacuum 169, 108910 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Santhosh, K. Bangera, G. Shivakumar, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 68, 114 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Z. Ahed, N. Abdul-Rahman, G. Campet, D. Park, H. Kwon, T. Kim, H. Choi, M. Helal, H.J. Hilal, J. Electroanal. Chem. 774, 7–13 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. S. Devi, S. Nath, B. Sharma, R. London, Chalcogenide Lett. 15, 639 (2018)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. H. Rosly, K. Rahman, M. Harif, Y. Yusoff, A. Wafi, M. Matin, S. Fazlili, N. Amin, Test Eng. Manag. 81, 5647 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  18. R. Dutta, N. Neog, Mater. Today 42, 893 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. R. Bai, S. Chaudhary, D. Pandya, AIP Conf. Proc. 2220, 020044 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. A. Abdulwahab, A. Al-Adhreai, A. Ahmed, Optik 236, 166659 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. P. Chate, P. Hankare, D. Sathe, J. Alloys Compd. 505, 259 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. T. Mahalingam, R. Mariappan, V. Dhanasekaran, S. Mohan, G. Ravi, J. Chu, Chalcogenide Lett. 7, 669 (2010)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. S. Thanikaikarasan, K. Sundaram, T. Mahalingam, S. Velumani, J. Rhee, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 174, 242 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. R. Pawar, R. Bhavsar, S. Sonawane, Indian J. Phys. 86, 871 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. J. Singh, N. Verma, Bull. Mater. Sci. 37, 541 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. K. Pathak, M. Pateria, K. Deshmukh, P. Jha, Mater. Sci. 37, 33 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. R. Sahebi, M. Roknabadi, M. Behdani, Mater. Res. Exp. 6, 126453 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. H. Kafashan, Z. Orshesh, A. Bahrami, F. Zakerian, Physica B 675, 415623 (2024)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. M. Noroozi, G. Jayakumar, K. Zahmatkesh, J. Lu, L. Hultman, M. Mensi, S. Marcinkevicius, B. Hamawandi, M. Tafti, A. Ergül, Z. Ikonic, M. Toprak, H. Radamson, ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol. 6, Q114 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. S. Tanuslip, K. Kurosaki, Materials 12, 1943 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. K. Sharma, A. Al-Kabbi, G. Saini, S.J. Tripathi, Alloy Compd. 540, 198 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. P. Chate, V. Bhabad, Int. J. Thin Films Sci. Technol. 5, 163 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. P. Chate, D. Sathe, S. Hake, Appl. Phys. A 128, 904 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. G. Amiri, S. Fatahian, S. Mahmoudi, Mater. Sci. Appl. 4, 134 (2013)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. P. Khanna, C. Morley, R. Gorte, R. Gokhale, V. Subbarao, C. Satyanaryana, Mater. Chem. Phys. 83, 323 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. P. Chate, D. Sathe, D. Lakade, V. Bhabad, J. Alloys Compd. 525(5), 40 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. O. Kopp, O. Cavin, J. Cryst. Growth 67, 391 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. E. Fawade, Um-Salma Sci. J. 3, 180 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  39. H. Afify, I. Zawawi, I. Battrisha, J. Mater. Sci. 10, 497 (1999)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. P. Reyes, S. Veluman, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 177, 1452 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. S. Wageh, A. Ghamandi, A. Zahrani, H. Driss, Mat. Res. Exp. 6, 0850 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. P. Hankare, B. Jadhav, P. Chate, D. Sathe, I. Mulla, J. Alloys Compd. 509, 2948 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. K. Ramaiah, Y. Su, S. Chang, F. Juang, K. Ohdaira, Y. Shiraki, H. Liu, I. Chen, A.J. Bhatnagar, J. Cryst. Growth 224, 74 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. J. Hargreaves, Catal. Struct. React. 2, 33 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. P. Chate, V. Bhabad, Int. J. Modern Trends Sci. Technol. 2, 6 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  46. H. Radamson, A. Hallen, I. Sychugov, A. Azarov, Analytical Methods and Instruments for Micro-and Nanomaterials (Springer, Cham, 2023)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  47. J. Tauc, R. Grigorovici, A. Vancu, Phys. Status Solidi (b) 15, 627 (1966)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. S. Singh, M. Limaye, N. Lalla, S. Kulkarni, J. Lumin. 128, 1909 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. S. Mogar, M. Mahesha, Micro Nanosturct. 168, 207335 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. R. Meulenberg, T. Buuren, K. Hanif, T. Willey, G. Strouse, L. Terminello, Nano Lett. 4, 2277 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. P. Chate, D. Sathe, P. Hankare, U. Sankpal, J. Mater. Sci. 24, 2000 (2013)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. V. Bhide, S. Salkalachen, A. Rastogi, C. Rao, M. Hegde, J. Phys. D 14, 1647 (1981)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. P. Hankare, P. Chate, D. Sathe, Physica B 404(16), 2389 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. J. Kaur, R. Kaur, S. Tripathi, Acta Metall. Sin. 32, 541 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. E. Al-Fwadi, M.M. Al-Alias, F. Al-Shaikley, Iraqi J. Phys. 5, 63 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  56. B. Ray, II-VI Compounds (Pergman Press, Edinburgh, 1969)

    Google Scholar 

  57. I. Ture, M. Claybourn, A. Brinkman, J.J. Woods, Cryst. Growth 72, 189 (1982)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. I. Ermolovich, A. Paveletes, L. Khanat, Thin Solid Films 143, 225 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. P. Chate, S. Lakde, D. Sathe, Optik 250, 168296 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, J.S.M. College, Alibag, Maharashtra, India

    P. A. Chate

  2. Department of Chemistry, Kolhapur Institute Technology’s College of Engineering (Autonomous), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India

    D. J. Sathe

  3. JJT University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India

    V. D. Bhabad

  4. Bhausaheb Nene College, Pen, Maharashtra, India

    V. D. Bhabad

Authors
  1. P. A. Chate
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. J. Sathe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. V. D. Bhabad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

P. A. Chate: conceptualization, methodology, review and editing. D. J. Sathe: writing an original draft, data collection, supervision. V. D. Bhabad: characterization of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron micrograph.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to P. A. Chate or D. J. Sathe.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of interest

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Ethical approval

The submitted work should be original and should not have been published elsewhere.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chate, P.A., Sathe, D.J. & Bhabad, V.D. Multifaceted analysis of copper-doped cadmium selenide thin films: exploring crystallography data, opto-electrical properties, and thermoelectric power. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 1305 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-13068-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-13068-4

Search

Navigation