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Comparative analysis of alkali-treated natural fibres for improved interfacial adhesion in composite materials

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Abstract

Natural fibers such as bamboo, kenaf, flax, ramie and hemp were chemically treated to improve their adherence with hydrophobic matrices. One common chemical process for altering the surface of these natural fibers is alkali treatment (AT). The experiment involves soaking bamboo fibers (BF) in solutions of 1, 10, and 30 wt % sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for one day, half an hour, and twenty minutes at room temperature. These alkali-treated and untreated bamboo fibers was compared with their physical and mechanical qualities. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the circular fiber assumption, the CSA of bamboo fibers both before and after AT were compared. Improving the AT procedures for BF at room temperature using varying NaOH concentrations is the focus of this effort. Additionally, the tensile characteristics of both untreated and variously treated AT Bamboo fibres are examined using a two-parameter Weibull distribution. Instead of just showing the average tensile strength, probabilistic tensile strength has shown to be a more effective method. This study proves without a reasonable doubt that adding 1 wt % NaOH to bamboo fiber makes natural fiber reinforced composites mechanically better. According to the SEM, the CSA of bamboo fibers decreases by about 13.62–20.24% and about 18.42–22.63%, respectively, after alkali treatment.

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Acknowledgements

Each author has reviewed the final version of the manuscript and agrees to be accountable for all aspects of the work, ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Yeshawantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Wanadongari, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

    Madhuri S. Bhagat

  2. Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, India

    Varsha D. Jadhav

  3. School of Civil Engineering, REVA University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenahalli, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    Sumant Khanderao Kulkarni

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rathinam Technical Campus, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

    P Satishkumar

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

    Rajasekaran Saminathan

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  1. Madhuri S. Bhagat
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  3. Sumant Khanderao Kulkarni
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  4. P Satishkumar
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Contributions

All authors contributed significantly to the conception, design, and execution of the research study. Madhuri S Bhagat and Varsha D. Jadhav conducted the experimental work, including the alkali treatment of bamboo fibers and the characterization of their physical and mechanical properties. Sumant Khanderao Kulkarni performed the statistical analysis and interpretation of the tensile test data using the Weibull distribution. Satishkumar P provided expertise in composite materials and contributed to the conceptualization of the research methodology. Rajasekaran Saminathan oversaw the project, provided guidance throughout the research process, and contributed to the interpretation of the results.Specifically, Madhuri S Bhagat and Varsha D. Jadhav were responsible for the practical implementation of the alkali treatment process, including the preparation of solutions and the treatment of bamboo fibers. They also conducted the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to assess the morphological changes in the fibers.Sumant Khanderao Kulkarni conducted the statistical analysis of the tensile test data and contributed to the interpretation of the results, particularly regarding the probabilistic tensile strength analysis using the two-parameter Weibull distribution.Satishkumar P provided expertise in composite materials and contributed to the selection of appropriate methodologies for the mechanical characterization of the bamboo fiber reinforced composites.Rajasekaran Saminathan played a supervisory role throughout the project, providing guidance on experimental design, data analysis, and interpretation of results. Additionally, [Author 5] facilitated collaboration among the co-authors and ensured that the research objectives were met within the specified timeline.All authors participated in the drafting and revision of the manuscript, providing critical feedback and intellectual input to ensure its accuracy and integrity. Rajasekaran Saminathan supervised the writing process and provided final approval of the version to be submitted.Each author has reviewed the final version of the manuscript and agrees to be accountable for all aspects of the work, ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

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Correspondence to P Satishkumar.

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Bhagat, M.S., Jadhav, V.D., Kulkarni, S.K. et al. Comparative analysis of alkali-treated natural fibres for improved interfacial adhesion in composite materials. Interactions 245, 206 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-024-02041-6

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