Abstract
Cellulose derived from lignocellulosic biomass or microorganisms via fermentation can be transformed into nanocellulose (NC), i.e., cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), applying mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic processes or a combination of the aforementioned methods. NC production from bacterial cellulose derived from renewable resources will be presented. This chapter will also focus on the colloidal properties of NC and its stability and interactions with other components at a nanoscale level. Preparation methods to obtain NC or high-performance nanomaterials will be discussed with special attention to ex situ structural modification of bacterial cellulose, highlighting advances over the last 10 years. Properties of these nanomaterials will be illustrated as an indispensable part of their electrostatic stabilization in NC suspensions and self-assembly into nanostructures either in pure NC or in nanocomposites. Results that are based on light scattering (LS), small angle scattering (SAS), and rheology techniques will be presented. This chapter attempts to give insight on correlation aspects between structure, dynamics, and interactions at the nanoscale and the properties of NC that are attractive for a broad spectrum of applications including sectors of biomedicine, food science, materials and characterization fields, and environmental science.
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Abbreviations
- CNCs:
-
Cellulose nanocrystals
- CNFs:
-
Cellulose nanofibrils
- LS:
-
Light scattering
- NC:
-
Nanocellulose
- SANS:
-
Small angle neutron scattering
- SAS:
-
Small angle scattering
- SAXS:
-
Small angle X-ray scattering
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Selianitis, D., Efthymiou, MN., Tsouko, E., Papagiannopoulos, A., Koutinas, A., Pispas, S. (2022). Nanocellulose Production from Different Sources and Their Self-Assembly in Composite Materials. In: Barhoum, A. (eds) Handbook of Nanocelluloses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89621-8_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89621-8_7
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