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Encapsulation of Enzymes, Antibodies, and Bacteria

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Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

Abstract

The development of biotechnology requires the immobilization of active biospecies such as enzymes or cells on solid substrates. Immobilization is mainly restricted to polymers, but inorganic substrates such as silica could offer some advantages: improved mechanical strength, chemical and thermal stability, and no swelling in aqueous or organic solvents. Sol–gel glasses can be formed at room temperature, and biomolecules can be added to the solution of precursors. Hydrolysis and condensation then lead to the formation of a porous silica network in which biomolecules remain trapped. In this chapter, the sol–gel routes to bioencapsulation are reviewed, including the encapsulation via the alkoxide route and the aqueous route. Doped silica sol–gel matrices have been also evaluated in order to improve the host properties as stabilization of biomolecules, reduction of electrostatic interactions, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. Some examples of enzymes and antibodies immobilization in silica gel for biosensing and biocatalysis are described. Finally, miscellaneous applications as controlled drug delivery and encapsulating bacteria using silica gel are demonstrated.

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  1. Chaire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231, Paris, France

    Jacques Livage & Thibaud Coradin

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  1. Jacques Livage
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  2. Thibaud Coradin
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Correspondence to Jacques Livage .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA

    Lisa Klein

  2. Madrid, Spain

    Mario Aparicio

  3. City University of New York, New York, USA

    Andrei Jitianu

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© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

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Livage, J., Coradin, T. (2017). Encapsulation of Enzymes, Antibodies, and Bacteria. In: Klein, L., Aparicio, M., Jitianu, A. (eds) Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19454-7_23-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19454-7_23-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-19454-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-19454-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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