Abstract
Rapid modernization and advancement in industrial development have led to both advantages and disadvantages in today’s human life. In effect of industrial development, waste effluents are tremendously discharged and impose prominent threats to the environment and human/aquatic organisms. Currently, researchers and scientists are developing innovative approaches to environmental remediation for the protection of environment. In the current worldwide scenario, nanotechnology is the most significant leading technique for the science, engineering, and industrial development. Advanced nanomaterials emerge central position in human day-to-day lifestyles and open up uses in almost all fields such as environmental remediation, electronic devices, sensors, catalysts, cosmetics, disinfectants, and biomedical industries. Nanomaterials acquire numerous unique characteristics, i.e., specific small sizes (1–100 nm), compositions, shapes, higher surface area-to-volume ratio, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties retaining their individual integrity. Contemporarily, the scientific community is focusing on novel rational approaches with reliable, sustainable, and ecofriendly protocols for the development of broad variety of nanomaterials. In this direction, development of metal green nanomaterials has gained widespread attention due to cost effective, easy synthetic route, ecofriendly nature, and environmentally sustainable materials. Metal green nanomaterials are designed by the general green chemistry practices, metal/metal oxides, and biological sources such as plant extract, cellulose, terpenoids, polyphenols, and microorganisms. The metal green nanomaterials provide outstanding potential to minimize unwanted adverse effect related with the conventionally synthesized nanomaterials. Metal green nanomaterials are used to reduce the toxic effect in environment through small size, stable nature, and diverse structures/morphology. In view of invariable progress in metal green nanomaterials, the present chapter deals with rational synthetic approaches in development of various metal green nanomaterials, their environmental remediation in respect of antimicrobial activity, toxic dye eradication, and heavy metal ion sensing, ongoing challenges, and future prospects.
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Abbreviations
- NMs:
-
Nanomaterials
- nZVI:
-
Nano zero-valent iron
- PVP:
-
Poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidone
- THPC:
-
Tetrakishydroxymethylphosphonium chloride
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Acknowledgments
Authors Ruchi Gaur and Dipankar Sutradhar are grateful to authorities of UGC (Dr. D S Kothari fellowship) Pune, India, and NPDF New Delhi, India, for their financial supports. Authors (Parashuram Kallem and Fawzi Banat) would like to thank the Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT) at Khalifa University of Science and Technology, United Arab Emirates, for financial support through Grant No. RC2-2018-009.
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Gaur, R., Kallem, P., Sutradhar, D., Banat, F. (2023). Environmental Remediation Through Metal Green Nanomaterials. In: Shanker, U., Hussain, C.M., Rani, M. (eds) Handbook of Green and Sustainable Nanotechnology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16101-8_7
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