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Environmental Impact on Metabolism

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Environmental Endocrinology and Endocrine Disruptors

Part of the book series: Endocrinology ((ENDOCR))

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Abstract

The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is dramatically increasing worldwide during the last few decades. This phenomenon is mostly due to lifestyle factors (sedentariness, noxious food), along with genetic susceptibility. Recent evidence points out the role of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) having obesogenic and/or diabetogenic properties that may also play a pathophysiological role in the occurrence of metabolic diseases. Both experimental and epidemiological evidence support a role for early and chronic exposure to EDCs with endocrine- and metabolic-disrupting effects. Most of them are present in the food chain and are stored in the fat mass after absorption. Each of them may act through several pathways; among them, the disruption of gut microbiota has been identified as one of the mechanisms through which EDCs exposure can promote obesity and T2D. Therefore, this chapter summarizes the evidence regarding the EDCs with obesogenic and/or diabetogenic characteristics and their properties to blunt metabolic health through the disruption of gut microbiota.

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Abbreviations

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

BMI:

Body mass index

BPA:

Bisphenol A

CVD:

Cardiovascular diseases

EDCs:

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals

GLP-1:

Glucagon-like peptide-1

HR:

Hazard ratio

IBD:

Inflammatory bowel disease

IBS:

Irritable bowel syndrome

IL:

Interleukin

IR:

Insulin resistance

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharides

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

NAFLD:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

NAS:

Noncaloric artificial sweeteners

NLRP3:

NOD-like receptor protein 3

NLRs:

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors

POP:

Persistent organic pollutants

PPARγ:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SCFAs:

Short-chain fatty acid

T2D:

Type 2 diabetes

TBT:

Tributyltin

TLRs:

Toll-like receptors

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy

    Giovanna Muscogiuri, Luigi Barrea & Annamaria Colao

  2. Centro italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente con obesità (C.I.B.O) Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy

    Giovanna Muscogiuri, Luigi Barrea & Annamaria Colao

  3. Unesco Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy

    Giovanna Muscogiuri, Annamaria Colao & Rosario Pivonello

  4. Clinical Research Associate Professor for Palliative Care Residency from Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil, Av. Pdte. Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola, Guayaquil, Ecuador

    Evelyn Frias-Toral

  5. Clinical Nutrition Service, San Francisco Clinic Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador

    Eloisa Garcia-Velasquez

  6. Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione e della Sessualità Maschile e Femminile (FERTISEXCARES), Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy

    Cristina de Angelis & Rosario Pivonello

  7. ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Lifescience Faculty, Guayaquil, Ecuador

    Carlos Ordoñez & Gabriela Cucalón

  8. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon

    Marwan El Ghoch

Authors
  1. Giovanna Muscogiuri
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  2. Luigi Barrea
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  5. Cristina de Angelis
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  7. Gabriela Cucalón
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  8. Marwan El Ghoch
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  9. Annamaria Colao
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  10. Rosario Pivonello
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Endocrinology and Metabolism Dept., University of Naples Federico II, NAPOLI, Napoli, Italy

    Rosario Pivonello

  2. Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, National and Kapodistrian University of, Athens, Greece

    Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis

Additional information

Authors’ contributions. The authors’ responsibilities were as follows: GM and RP: were responsible for the concept of this chapter and drafted the manuscript; LB, EFT, EGV, CdA, CO, GC, MEG, and AC: provided a critical review of the chapter; CdA significantly contributed to chapter implementation before resubmission and prepared the final figures. All authors contributed to and agreed on the final version of the manuscript.

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Muscogiuri, G. et al. (2023). Environmental Impact on Metabolism. In: Pivonello, R., Diamanti-Kandarakis, E. (eds) Environmental Endocrinology and Endocrine Disruptors. Endocrinology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38366-4_14-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38366-4_14-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-38366-4

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