Abstract
Heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone that assists in the maturation of a limited set of substrate proteins that are collectively referred to as clients. The majority of identified Hsp90 clients are involved in signal transduction, including many steroid hormone receptors and kinases. A handful of Hsp90 clients can be classified as nonsignal transduction proteins, including telomerase, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, and antigenic peptides destined for major histocompatibility complex. Because Hsp90 clients are causative agents in cancer and cystic fibrosis, research on Hsp90 has intensified in recent years. We review the historical path of Hsp90 research within each class of client (kinase, hormone receptor, and nonsignal transduction clients) and highlight current areas of active investigation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ritossa, F. (1962) A new puffing pattern induced by temperature shock and DNP in drosophila. Experientia 18, 571–573.
McKenzie, S. L., Henikoff, S., and Meselson, M. (1975) Localization of RNA from heat-induced polysomes at puff sites in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 72, 1117–21.
Lindquist, S. (1986) The heat-shock response. Annu Rev Biochem 55, 1151–91.
Borkovich, K. A., Farrelly, F. W., Finkelstein, D. B., Taulien, J., and Lindquist, S. (1989) hsp82 is an essential protein that is required in higher concentrations for growth of cells at higher temperatures. Mol Cell Biol 9, 3919–30.
Ghaemmaghami, S., Huh, W. K., Bower, K., Howson, R. W., Belle, A., Dephoure, N., O’Shea, E. K., and Weissman, J. S. (2003) Global analysis of protein expression in yeast. Nature 425, 737–41.
Huh, W. K., Falvo, J. V., Gerke, L. C., Carroll, A. S., Howson, R. W., Weissman, J. S., and O’Shea, E. K. (2003) Global analysis of protein localization in budding yeast. Nature 425, 686–91.
Bardwell, J. C., and Craig, E. A. (1988) Ancient heat shock gene is dispensable. J Bacteriol 170, 2977–83.
Picard, D., Khursheed, B., Garabedian, M. J., Fortin, M. G., Lindquist, S., and Yamamoto, K. R. (1990) Reduced levels of hsp90 compromise steroid receptor action in vivo. Nature 348, 166–8.
Zhao, R., Davey, M., Hsu, Y. C., Kaplanek, P., Tong, A., Parsons, A. B., Krogan, N., Cagney, G., Mai, D., Greenblatt, J., Boone, C., Emili, A., and Houry, W. A. (2005) Navigating the chaperone network: an integrative map of physical and genetic interactions mediated by the hsp90 chaperone. Cell 120, 715–27.
Panaretou, B., Prodromou, C., Roe, S. M., O’Brien, R., Ladbury, J. E., Piper, P. W., and Pearl, L. H. (1998) ATP binding and hydrolysis are essential to the function of the Hsp90 molecular chaperone in vivo. Embo J 17, 4829–36.
Meyer, P., Prodromou, C., Hu, B., Vaughan, C., Roe, S. M., Panaretou, B., Piper, P. W., and Pearl, L. H. (2003) Structural and functional analysis of the middle segment of hsp90: implications for ATP hydrolysis and client protein and cochaperone interactions. Mol Cell 11, 647–58.
Minami, Y., Kimura, Y., Kawasaki, H., Suzuki, K., and Yahara, I. (1994) The carboxy-terminal region of mammalian HSP90 is required for its dimerization and function in vivo. Mol Cell Biol 14, 1459–64.
Wayne, N., and Bolon, D. N. (2007) Dimerization of Hsp90 is required for in vivo function. Design and analysis of monomers and dimers. J Biol Chem 282, 35386–95.
Ali, M. M., Roe, S. M., Vaughan, C. K., Meyer, P., Panaretou, B., Piper, P. W., Prodromou, C., and Pearl, L. H. (2006) Crystal structure of an Hsp90-nucleotide-p23/Sba1 closed chaperone complex. Nature 440, 1013–7.
Shiau, A. K., Harris, S. F., Southworth, D. R., and Agard, D. A. (2006) Structural Analysis of E. coli hsp90 reveals dramatic nucleotide-dependent conformational rearrangements. Cell 127, 329–40.
Vaughan, C. K., Gohlke, U., Sobott, F., Good, V. M., Ali, M. M., Prodromou, C., Robinson, C. V., Saibil, H. R., and Pearl, L. H. (2006) Structure of an Hsp90-Cdc37-Cdk4 complex. Mol Cell 23, 697–707.
Hessling, M., Richter, K., and Buchner, J. (2009) Dissection of the ATP-induced conformational cycle of the molecular chaperone Hsp90. Nat Struct Mol Biol 16, 287–93.
Mickler, M., Hessling, M., Ratzke, C., Buchner, J., and Hugel, T. (2009) The large conformational changes of Hsp90 are only weakly coupled to ATP hydrolysis. Nat Struct Mol Biol 16, 281–6.
Southworth, D. R., and Agard, D. A. (2008) Species-dependent ensembles of conserved conformational states define the Hsp90 chaperone ATPase cycle. Mol Cell 32, 631–40.
McLaughlin, S. H., Sobott, F., Yao, Z. P., Zhang, W., Nielsen, P. R., Grossmann, J. G., Laue, E. D., Robinson, C. V., and Jackson, S. E. (2006) The co-chaperone p23 arrests the Hsp90 ATPase cycle to trap client proteins. J Mol Biol 356, 746–58.
Panaretou, B., Siligardi, G., Meyer, P., Maloney, A., Sullivan, J. K., Singh, S., Millson, S. H., Clarke, P. A., Naaby-Hansen, S., Stein, R., Cramer, R., Mollapour, M., Workman, P., Piper, P. W., Pearl, L. H., and Prodromou, C. (2002) Activation of the ATPase activity of hsp90 by the stress-regulated cochaperone aha1. Mol Cell 10, 1307–18.
Roe, S. M., Ali, M. M., Meyer, P., Vaughan, C. K., Panaretou, B., Piper, P. W., Prodromou, C., and Pearl, L. H. (2004) The Mechanism of Hsp90 regulation by the protein kinase-specific cochaperone p50(cdc37). Cell 116, 87–98.
Whitesell, L., Mimnaugh, E. G., De Costa, B., Myers, C. E., and Neckers, L. M. (1994) Inhibition of heat shock protein HSP90-pp60v-src heteroprotein complex formation by benzoquinone ansamycins: essential role for stress proteins in oncogenic transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91, 8324–8.
Whitesell, L., and Lindquist, S. L. (2005) HSP90 and the chaperoning of cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 5, 761–72.
Joab, I., Radanyi, C., Renoir, M., Buchou, T., Catelli, M. G., Binart, N., Mester, J., and Baulieu, E. E. (1984) Common non-hormone binding component in non-transformed chick oviduct receptors of four steroid hormones. Nature 308, 850–3.
Sanchez, E. R., Toft, D. O., Schlesinger, M. J., and Pratt, W. B. (1985) Evidence that the 90-kDa phosphoprotein associated with the untransformed L-cell glucocorticoid receptor is a murine heat shock protein. J Biol Chem 260, 12398–401.
Dalman, F. C., Koenig, R. J., Perdew, G. H., Massa, E., and Pratt, W. B. (1990) In contrast to the glucocorticoid receptor, the thyroid hormone receptor is translated in the DNA binding state and is not associated with hsp90. J Biol Chem 265, 3615–8.
Dalman, F. C., Sturzenbecker, L. J., Levin, A. A., Lucas, D. A., Perdew, G. H., Petkovitch, M., Chambon, P., Grippo, J. F., and Pratt, W. B. (1991) Retinoic acid receptor belongs to a subclass of nuclear receptors that do not form “docking” complexes with hsp90. Biochemistry 30, 5605–8.
Redeuilh, G., Moncharmont, B., Secco, C., and Baulieu, E. E. (1987) Subunit composition of the molybdate-stabilized “8-9 S” nontransformed estradiol receptor purified from calf uterus. J Biol Chem 262, 6969–75.
Veldscholte, J., Berrevoets, C. A., Zegers, N. D., van der Kwast, T. H., Grootegoed, J. A., and Mulder, E. (1992) Hormone-induced dissociation of the androgen receptor-heat-shock protein complex: use of a new monoclonal antibody to distinguish transformed from nontransformed receptors. Biochemistry 31, 7422–30.
Denis, M., Wikstrom, A. C., and Gustafsson, J. A. (1987) The molybdate-stabilized nonactivated glucocorticoid receptor contains a dimer of Mr 90,000 non-hormone-binding protein. J Biol Chem 262, 11803–6.
Smith, D. F., Schowalter, D. B., Kost, S. L., and Toft, D. O. (1990) Reconstitution of progesterone receptor with heat shock proteins. Mol Endocrinol 4, 1704–11.
Smith, D. F., and Toft, D. O. (1992) Composition, assembly and activation of the avian progesterone receptor. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 41, 201–7.
Kosano, H., Stensgard, B., Charlesworth, M. C., McMahon, N., and Toft, D. (1998) The assembly of progesterone receptor-hsp90 complexes using purified proteins. J Biol Chem 273, 32973–9.
Wagner, R. L., Apriletti, J. W., McGrath, M. E., West, B. L., Baxter, J. D., and Fletterick, R. J. (1995) A structural role for hormone in the thyroid hormone receptor. Nature 378, 690–7.
Williams, S. P., and Sigler, P. B. (1998) Atomic structure of progesterone complexed with its receptor. Nature 393, 392–6.
Stancato, L. F., Silverstein, A. M., Gitler, C., Groner, B., and Pratt, W. B. (1996) Use of the thiol-specific derivatizing agent N-iodoacetyl-3-[125I]iodotyrosine to demonstrate conformational differences between the unbound and hsp90-bound glucocorticoid receptor hormone binding domain. J Biol Chem 271, 8831–6.
Pratt, W. B., and Toft, D. O. (2003) Regulation of signaling protein function and trafficking by the hsp90/hsp70-based chaperone machinery. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 228, 111–33.
Grenert, J. P., Johnson, B. D., and Toft, D. O. (1999) The importance of ATP binding and hydrolysis by hsp90 in formation and function of protein heterocomplexes. J Biol Chem 274, 17525–33.
Brugge, J. S., Erikson, E., and Erikson, R. L. (1981) The specific interaction of the Rous sarcoma virus transforming protein, pp60src, with two cellular proteins. Cell 25, 363–72.
An, W. G., Schulte, T. W., and Neckers, L. M. (2000) The heat shock protein 90 antagonist geldanamycin alters chaperone association with p210bcr-abl and v-src proteins before their degradation by the proteasome. Cell Growth Differ 11, 355–60.
Reed, S. I. (1980) The selection of S. cerevisiae mutants defective in the start event of cell division. Genetics 95, 561–77.
Dey, B., Lightbody, J. J., and Boschelli, F. (1996) CDC37 is required for p60v-src activity in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 7, 1405–17.
Xu, Y., and Lindquist, S. (1993) Heat-shock protein hsp90 governs the activity of pp60v-src kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90, 7074–8.
Cutforth, T., and Rubin, G. M. (1994) Mutations in Hsp83 and cdc37 impair signaling by the sevenless receptor tyrosine kinase in Drosophila. Cell 77, 1027–36.
Dai, K., Kobayashi, R., and Beach, D. (1996) Physical interaction of mammalian CDC37 with CDK4. J Biol Chem 271, 22030–4.
Siligardi, G., Panaretou, B., Meyer, P., Singh, S., Woolfson, D. N., Piper, P. W., Pearl, L. H., and Prodromou, C. (2002) Regulation of Hsp90 ATPase activity by the co-chaperone Cdc37p/p50cdc37. J Biol Chem 277, 20151–9.
Citri, A., Harari, D., Shohat, G., Ramakrishnan, P., Gan, J., Lavi, S., Eisenstein, M., Kimchi, A., Wallach, D., Pietrokovski, S., and Yarden, Y. (2006) Hsp90 recognizes a common surface on client kinases. J Biol Chem 281, 14361–9.
Mandal, A. K., Lee, P., Chen, J. A., Nillegoda, N., Heller, A., DiStasio, S., Oen, H., Victor, J., Nair, D. M., Brodsky, J. L., and Caplan, A. J. (2007) Cdc37 has distinct roles in protein kinase quality control that protect nascent chains from degradation and promote posttranslational maturation. J Cell Biol 176, 319–28.
Arlander, S. J., Felts, S. J., Wagner, J. M., Stensgard, B., Toft, D. O., and Karnitz, L. M. (2006) Chaperoning checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), an Hsp90 client, with purified chaperones. J Biol Chem 281, 2989–98.
Dittmar, K. D., Banach, M., Galigniana, M. D., and Pratt, W. B. (1998) The role of DnaJ-like proteins in glucocorticoid receptor.hsp90 heterocomplex assembly by the reconstituted hsp90.p60.hsp70 foldosome complex. J Biol Chem 273, 7358–66.
Holt, S. E., Aisner, D. L., Baur, J., Tesmer, V. M., Dy, M., Ouellette, M., Trager, J. B., Morin, G. B., Toft, D. O., Shay, J. W., Wright, W. E., and White, M. A. (1999) Functional requirement of p23 and Hsp90 in telomerase complexes. Genes Dev 13, 817–26.
DeZwaan, D. C., Toogun, O. A., Echtenkamp, F. J., and Freeman, B. C. (2009) The Hsp82 molecular chaperone promotes a switch between unextendable and extendable telomere states. Nat Struct Mol Biol 16, 711–6.
Grandin, N., and Charbonneau, M. (2001) Hsp90 levels affect telomere length in yeast. Mol Genet Genomics 265, 126–34.
Toogun, O. A., Dezwaan, D. C., and Freeman, B. C. (2008) The hsp90 molecular chaperone modulates multiple telomerase activities. Mol Cell Biol 28, 457–67.
Prehn, R. T., and Main, J. M. (1957) Immunity to methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas. J Natl Cancer Inst 18, 769–78.
DuBois, G. C., Law, L. W., and Appella, E. (1982) Purification and biochemical properties of tumor-associated transplantation antigens from methylcholanthrene-induced murine sarcomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 79, 7669–73.
Srivastava, P. K., DeLeo, A. B., and Old, L. J. (1986) Tumor rejection antigens of chemically induced sarcomas of inbred mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 83, 3407–11.
Binder, R. J., Blachere, N. E., and Srivastava, P. K. (2001) Heat shock protein-chaperoned peptides but not free peptides introduced into the cytosol are presented efficiently by major histocompatibility complex I molecules. J Biol Chem 276, 17163–71.
Rajagopal, D., Bal, V., Mayor, S., George, A., and Rath, S. (2006) A role for the Hsp90 molecular chaperone family in antigen presentation to T lymphocytes via major histocompatibility complex class II molecules. Eur J Immunol 36, 828–41.
Loo, M. A., Jensen, T. J., Cui, L., Hou, Y., Chang, X. B., and Riordan, J. R. (1998) Perturbation of Hsp90 interaction with nascent CFTR prevents its maturation and accelerates its degradation by the proteasome. Embo J 17, 6879–87.
Riordan, J. R. (2005) Assembly of functional CFTR chloride channels. Annu Rev Physiol 67, 701–18.
Wang, X., Venable, J., LaPointe, P., Hutt, D. M., Koulov, A. V., Coppinger, J., Gurkan, C., Kellner, W., Matteson, J., Plutner, H., Riordan, J. R., Kelly, J. W., Yates, J. R., 3rd, and Balch, W. E. (2006) Hsp90 cochaperone Aha1 downregulation rescues misfolding of CFTR in cystic fibrosis. Cell 127, 803–15.
Sun, F., Mi, Z., Condliffe, S. B., Bertrand, C. A., Gong, X., Lu, X., Zhang, R., Latoche, J. D., Pilewski, J. M., Robbins, P. D., and Frizzell, R. A. (2008) Chaperone displacement from mutant cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator restores its function in human airway epithelia. Faseb J 22, 3255–63.
Youker, R. T., Walsh, P., Beilharz, T., Lithgow, T., and Brodsky, J. L. (2004) Distinct roles for the Hsp40 and Hsp90 molecular chaperones during cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator degradation in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 15, 4787–97.
Jakob, U., Lilie, H., Meyer, I., and Buchner, J. (1995) Transient interaction of Hsp90 with early unfolding intermediates of citrate synthase. Implications for heat shock in vivo. J Biol Chem 270, 7288–94.
Muller, L., Schaupp, A., Walerych, D., Wegele, H., and Buchner, J. (2004) Hsp90 regulates the activity of wild type p53 under physiological and elevated temperatures. J Biol Chem 279, 48846–54.
Nathan, D. F., Vos, M. H., and Lindquist, S. (1997) In vivo functions of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hsp90 chaperone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94, 12949–56.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Wayne, N., Mishra, P., Bolon, D.N. (2011). Hsp90 and Client Protein Maturation. In: Calderwood, S., Prince, T. (eds) Molecular Chaperones. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 787. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-295-3_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-295-3_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-294-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-295-3
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols