Abstract
Silicon-based material is one of the most promising substitutes of widely used graphite anodes for the next generation Li-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity, low working potential, environmental friendliness, and abundant natural resource. However, the huge volume expansion and serious interfacial side reactions during lithiation and delithiation progresses of the silicon anode are the key issues which impede their further practical applications. Rational designs of silicon nanostructures are effective ways to address these problems. In this progress report, we firstly highlight the fundamental scientific problems, and then focus on recent progresses in design, preparation, in-situ characterization methods and failure mechanism of nanostructured silicon anode for high capacity lithium battery. We also summarize the key lessons from the successes so far and offer perspectives and future challenges to promote the applications of silicon anode in practical lithium batteries.
摘要
硅基负极具有理论容量高、工作电位低、环境友好、丰度高等优点, 被认为是下一代锂离子电池中最有希望替代石墨负极的材料之一. 然而, 硅负极在脱嵌锂过程中体积膨胀大、界面反应剧烈是制约其进一步实际应用的关键问题. 合理设计硅纳米结构有助于解决这些问题. 本文首先介绍了高容量锂电池用纳米硅负极的基本科学问题, 然后重点介绍了其设计、制备、原位表征和失效机理等方面的最新进展, 总结到目前为止关键的经验以促进硅负极在实际锂电池中的应用. 最后展望了硅负极未来的发展和挑战.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Programs for Nano-Key Project (2017YFA0206700), the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFB1502100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21835004), 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (B12015) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Nankai University (63191711 and 63191416).
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Yan Z, Cheng F and Chen J proposed the topic and outline of the manuscript. Chen X, Li H, and Yan Z collected the related information and wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to the general discussion and revision.
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Xiang Chen is a PhD candidate at the College of Chemistry, Nankai University. He received his Bachelor degree (2011) and Master degree (2014) from Haerbin Normal University. He moved to Nankai University in 2016. His research focuses on lithium and zinc based batteries.
Zhenhua Yan is a lecturer at the College of Chemistry, Nankai University. He received his Bachelor degree (2011) and Master degree (2014) from Liaocheng University. He obtained his PhD degree from Nankai University in 2018, under the supervision of Prof. Fangyi Cheng and Prof. Jun Chen. His current research interest is nanomaterials for batteries and electrocatalysis.
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Chen, X., Li, H., Yan, Z. et al. Structure design and mechanism analysis of silicon anode for lithium-ion batteries. Sci. China Mater. 62, 1515–1536 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-019-9464-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-019-9464-0