Abstract
The utilization of CO2 and solar energy have drawn much attention due to global warming and fuel crisis. Of particular interest in our research, we prepared strontium zirconate (SrZrO3) nanoparticles as the photocatalyst to convert CO2 into value-added products. SrZrO3 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via a sonochemical method and applied to the photoreduction of CO2. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauere Emmette Teller measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. Ethanol, methane and carbon monoxide were the major products with the yield respectively as follows, 41 μmol g‒1, 2.57 μmol g‒1 and 1.6 μmol g‒1 after 4 h of reaction. The reason for the multiple photoreduction products is briefly discussed. Our work indicates that the as-prepared SrZrO3 nanoparticles can be used as a promising photocatalyst in turning CO2 into value-added chemicals.
中文摘要
全球变暖和能源危机使得人们开始同时关注二氧化碳和太阳能的利用. 在本工作中, 我们制备了SrZrO3纳米颗粒, 并将其 作为催化剂使二氧化碳转化为高能量附加值产品. 我们利用超声化学法成功制备了SrZrO3纳米材料, 并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光 谱、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、BET比表面积分析、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)以及紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV/vis)等对样品进行了相应表征. 将SrZrO3作为催化剂, 在300W氙灯光源照射下进行光催化还原二氧化碳实验, 结果表明乙醇、甲烷和一氧化碳是主要的光催化产物, 反应进行4小时后, 三种产物相应的产量分别为41、2.57和1.6 μmol g−1. 论文分析了三种产物生成的原因. 本研究工作表明, SrZrO3纳米 材料可以作为一种有效的催化剂应用于光催化还原二氧化碳.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Maginn EJ. What to do with CO2. J Phys Chem Lett, 2010, 1: 3478–3479
Mikkelsen M, Jorgensen M, Krebs FC. The teraton challenge: a review of fixation and transformation of carbon dioxide. Energy Environ Sci, 2010; 3: 43–81
Yeh AC, Bai H. Comparison of ammonia and monoethanolamine solvents to reduce CO2 greenhouse gas emissions. Sci Total Environ, 1999; 228: 121–133
Lackner Klaus. Climate change: a guide to CO2 sequestration. Science. 2003; 300: 1677–1678
Bachu S. Sequestration of CO2 in geological media: criteria and approach for site selection in response to climate change. Energy Convers Manage, 2000; 41: 953–970
He Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Teng B, Fan M. High-efficiency conversion of CO2 to fuel over ZnO/g-C3N4 photocatalyst. Appl Catal B Environ, 2015; 168: 1–8
Richter RK, Ming T, Caillol S. Fighting global warming by photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using giant photocatalytic reactors. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 2013; 19: 82–106
Yuan L, Xu YJ. Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into value-added and renewable fuels. Appl Surf Sci, 2015; 342: 154–167
Li X, Wen JQ, Low JX, Fang YP, Yu JG. Design and fabrication of semiconductor photocatalyst for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to solar fuel. Sci Chin Mater, 2014; 57: 70–100
Inoue T, Fujishima A, Konishi S, Honda K. Photoelectrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide in aqueous suspensions of semiconductor powders. Nature, 1979, 277: 637–638
Albo J, Saez A, Solla-Gullón J, Montielb V, Irabien A. Production of methanol from CO2 electroreduction at Cu2O and Cu2O-ZnObased electrodes in aqueous solution. Appl Catal B Environ, 2015; 176: 709–717
Yin G, Nishikawa M, Nosaka Y, et al. Photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction by copper oxide nanocluster-grafted niobate nanosheets. ACS Nano, 2015; 9: 2111–2119
Wang YG, Wang F, Chen YT, et al. Enhanced photocatalytic performance of ordered mesoporous Fe-doped CeO2 catalysts for the reduction of CO2 with H2O under simulated solar irradiation. Appl Catal B Environ, 2014; 147: 602–609
Arai T, Tajima S, Sato S, et al. Selective CO2 conversion to formate in water using a CZTS photocathode modified with a ruthenium complex polymer. Chem Commun, 2011, 47: 12664–12666
Chen J, Qin S, Song G, et al. Shape-controlled solvothermal synthesis of Bi2S3 for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methyl formate in methanol. Dalton Trans, 2013, 42: 15133–15138
Akhter P, Hussain M, Saracco G, Russo N. Novel nanostructured- TiO2 materials for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 greenhouse gas to hydrocarbons and syngas. Fuel, 2015; 149: 55–65
Xu Q, Yu J, Zhang J, Zhang J, Liu G. Cubic anatase TiO2 nanocrystals with enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity. Chem Commun, 2015; 51: 7950–7953
Yu JG, Low JX, Xiao W, Zhou P, Jaroniec M. Enhanced photocatalytic CO2-reduction activity of anatase TiO2 by coexposed 001 and 101 facets. J Am Chem Soc, 2014; 136: 8839–8842
Hussain M, Akhter P, Saracco G, Russo N. Nanostructured TiO2/ KIT-6 catalysts for improved photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to tunable energy products. Appl Catal B Environ, 2015, 170/171: 53–65
Li QY, Zong LL, Li C, Yang JJ. Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 on MgO/TiO2 nanotube films. Appl Surf Sci, 2014; 314: 458–463
Rani S, Bao NZ, Roy SC. Solar spectrum photocatalytic conversion of CO2 and water vapor into hydrocarbons using TiO2 nanoparticle membranes. Appl Surf Sci, 2014; 289: 203–208
Wang Q, Hisatomi T, Ma SSK, Li Y, Domen K. Core/shell structured La- and Rh-codoped SrTiO3 as a hydrogen evolution photocatalyst in Z-scheme overall water splitting under visible light irradiation. Chem Mat, 2014; 26: 4144–4150
Soma K, Iwase A, Kudo A. Enhanced activity of BiVO4 powdered photocatalyst under visible light irradiation by preparing microwave- assisted aqueous solution methods. Catal Lett, 2014; 144: 1962–1967
Guo Z, Sa B, Pathak B, et al. Band gap engineering in huge-gap semiconductor SrZrO3 for visible-light photocatalysis. Int J Hydrogen Energ, 2014; 39: 2042–2048
Lai C, Liu C. Direct current voltage sweep and alternating current impedance analysis of SrZrO3 memory device in ONand OFF states. 2013, 103: 263505
Tian Q, Zhang L, Liu J, at al. Synthesis of MoS2/SrZrO3 heterostructures and their photocatalytic H2 evolution under UVirradiation. Rsc Adv, 2015; 5: 734–739
Kamishima O, Hattori T, Ohta K, Chiba Y, Ishigame M. Raman scattering of single-crystal SrZrO3. J Phys Condens Matter, 1999, 11: 5355–5365
Tarrida M, Larguem H, Madon M. Structural investigations of (Ca,Sr)ZrO3 and Ca(Sn,Zr)O3 perovskite compounds. Phys Chem Minerals, 2009; 36: 403–413
Zhang A, Lu M, Wang S, et al. Novel photoluminescence of SrZrO3 nanocrystals synthesized through a facile combustion method. J Alloys Compd, 2007, 433: L7–L11
Cohen RE. Origin of ferroelectricity in perovskite oxides. Nature, 1992; 358: 136–138.
Inrakanti VP, Kubicki JD,Sc hobert HH. Photoinduced activation of CO2 on Ti-based heterogeneous catalysts: current state, chemical physics-based insights and outlook. Energy Environ Sci, 2009; 2: 745–758
Shkrob IA, Marin TW, He HY, Zapol P. Photoinduced activation of CO2 on Ti-based heterogeneous catalysts: current state, chemical physics-based insights and outlook. J Phys Chem C, 2012; 116: 9450–9460
Koci K, Obalova L, Matejova L, et al. Effect of TiO2 particle size on the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. Appl Catal B, 2009; 89: 494–502
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Naeem Ashiq Muhammad was born in 1979. He received his PhD degree in chemistry from the Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan in 2009, and then he became a postdoctor in the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China in 2012. Currently, He is an assistant professor in the Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. His research interests include photocatalysis, ma gnetic nanomaterials and nanocomposites.
Tao He was born in 1971. He received his PhD degree in chemistry from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China in 2002, and was a postdoctor in Weizmann Institute of Science and Rice University from 2002 to 2009. Currently, He is a professor in the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China. His research interests include controllable synthesis of nanomaterials and catalytic reduction of CO2 into value-added chemicals using nanocatalysts.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Muhammad, N.A., Wang, Y., Muhammad, F.E. et al. Photoreduction of carbon dioxide using strontium zirconate nanoparticles. Sci. China Mater. 58, 634–639 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-015-0077-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-015-0077-7