Abstract
We propose a fully enclosed hybrid nanogenerator consisting of five electromagnetic generators (EMGs) and four triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Under a vibration frequency of 15.5 Hz, one TENG can deliver a high output voltage of approximately 24 V and a low output current of approximately 24 μA, whereas one EMG can deliver a low output voltage of approximately 0.8 V and a high output current of approximately 0.5 mA. By integrating five rectified EMGs in series and four rectified TENGs in parallel, the hybrid nanogenerator can be used to charge a home-made Li-ion battery from 1 to 1.9 V in 6.3 h. By using the hybrid nanogenerator to scavenge the vibrational energy produced by human hands, a temperature–humidity sensor can be sustainably powered by the nanogenerator, which is capable of charging the 200 μF system power capacitor from 0 to 2 V in 15 s, and sustainably power the sensor in 29 s.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Logan, B. E.; Elimelech, M. Membrane-based processes for sustainable power generation using water. Nature 2012, 488, 313–319.
Collins, S. H.; Wiggin, M. B.; Sawicki, G. S. Reducing the energy cost of human walking using an unpowered exoskeleton. Nature 2015, 522, 212–215.
Kuo, A. D. Harvesting energy by improving the economy of human walking. Science 2005, 309, 1686–1687.
Rome, L. C.; Flynn, L.; Goldman, E. M.; Yoo, T. D. Generating electricity while walking with loads. Science 2005, 309, 1725–1728.
Donelan, J. M.; Li, Q.; Naing, V.; Hoffer, J. A.; Weber, D. J.; Kuo, A. D. Biomechanical energy harvesting: Generating electricity during walking with minimal user effort. Science 2008, 319, 807–810.
Jung, W.-S.; Lee, M.-J.; Kang, M.-G.; Moon, H. G.; Yoon, S.-J.; Baek, S.-H.; Kang, C.-Y. Powerful curved piezoelectric generator for wearable applications. Nano Energy 2015, 13, 174–181.
Fan, F. R.; Tian, Z. Q.; Wang, Z. L. Flexible triboelectric generator. Nano Energy 2012, 1, 328–334.
Guo, H. Y.; Chen, J.; Tian, L.; Leng, Q.; Xi, Y.; Hu, C. G. Airflow-induced triboelectric nanogenerator as a self-powered sensor for detecting humidity and airflow rate. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6, 17184–17189.
Wang, X.; Wang, S. H.; Yang, Y.; Wang, Z. L. Hybridized electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator for scavenging air-flow energy to sustainably power temperature sensors. ACS Nano 2015, 9, 4553–4562.
Zhang, K. W.; Wang, X.; Yang, Y.; Wang, Z. L. Hybridized electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator for scavenging biomechanical energy for sustainably powering wearable electronics. ACS Nano 2015, 9, 3521–3529.
Nguyen, V.; Yang, R. S. Effect of humidity and pressure on the triboelectric nanogenerator. Nano Energy 2013, 2, 604–608.
Yang, Y.; Zhang, H. L.; Liu, R. Y.; Wen, X. N.; Hou, T.-C.; Wang, Z. L. Fully enclosed triboelectric nanogenerators for applications in water and harsh environments. Adv. Energy Mater. 2013, 3, 1563–1568.
Wang, Z. L. Triboelectric nanogenerators as new energy technology for self-powered systems and as active mechanical and chemical sensors. ACS Nano 2013, 7, 9533–9557.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Quan, T., Yang, Y. Fully enclosed hybrid electromagnetic–triboelectric nanogenerator to scavenge vibrational energy. Nano Res. 9, 2226–2233 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1109-7
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1109-7