Abstract
This study presents the Reliability Based Design Optimization (RBDO) of a helicopter, used in order to guarantee target performances for a large variation of annual atmospheric temperatures. To this end, analytic methods — statistical and empirical equations of aerodynamics, structure, propulsion and so on — are synthetically coupled within the multidisciplinary design analysis tool of the conceptual helicopter. Additionally, an atmospheric temperature model for annual air temperature variation is constructed in bimodal shape by considering 10 years worth of day-averaged air temperature data provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration. Based on this analysis tool and the annual atmospheric temperature model, the RBDO of a helicopter is performed to minimize maximum takeoff gross weight, with the helicopter rotor configuration parameters as a design variable. A Monte-Carlo simulation is used to accurately evaluate the reliabilities of endurance and range. This RBDO strategy is applied to a 22,000lb class medium utility helicopter, and the results are compared with those of a deterministic design optimization (DO) using constant air temperature and baseline helicopter. Through comparison of the results obtained from RBDO and those from the deterministic design optimization, it can be confirmed that the optimal design of RBDO results in greater improvements in performance over the baseline, for a wide range of operating air temperatures, than baseline helicopter and optimal shape of DO using constant air temperature. Therefore, in designing a helicopter to be operated in temperate climatic regions that show large variation in air temperature, such as Korea, China, the U.S.A, and so on, it is important to perform RBDO with reasonable annual air temperature models constructed from well-known and reliable data.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
S. J. Yoon and D. H. Choi, Reliability-Based Design Optimization of Slider Air Bearings, KSME International Journal (18) 10 (2004) 1722–1729.
S. Gunawan and P. Y. Papalambros, A Bayesian Approach to Reliability-Based Optimization With Incomplete Information, Journal of Mechanical Design (128) 7, 909–918.
S. O. Kang, K. M. Ko, S. H. Kim, D. H. Lee, Y. J. Chang, W. Choi, Y. S. Hwang and C. H. Kim, Development of the Helicopter Conceptual Design Tool using Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Methodology, 7th World Congress on Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, ISSMO, Seoul, Korea, (2007).
W. Choi, Y. S. Hwang, S. H. Kim, D. H. Lee and C. W. Park, The Development of the Rotorcraft Multidisplinary Design Optimization Framework and Conceptual Design Using the KHP-SDM RMDO, Journal of The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences (37) 7 (2009) 685–692.
S. H. Kim, K.M. Ko, D.H. Lee, W. Choi, Y.S. Hwang and C.H. Kim, Reliability-Based Design Optimization of Helicopter Configuration using P.I.A.n.O., 2008 The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers Spring Conference Manufacturing and design engineering division, pp. 151–152.
S. H. Kim, J. H. Jeong, K.M. Ko and D.H. Lee, Reliability Based Design Optimization of Helicopter Configuration using Helicopter Conceptual Design Program, 8th World Congress on Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, ISSMO, Lisbon, Portugal, (2009).
S. O. Kang, K. M. Ko, S. H. Kim, D. H. Lee, Y. J. Chang, W. Choi, Y. S. Hwang and C. H. Kim, Development of Helicopter Conceptual Design and Optimization Program, American Helicopter Society Specialist’s Conference, International Forum on Rotorcraft Multidisciplinary Technology for Dual-Use Applications, Seoul, Korea, (2007).
K. M. Ko, S. O. Kang, S. H. Kim, D. H. Lee, Y. J. Chang, W. Choi, Y. S. Hwang and C. H. Kim, Optimization and Performance Analysis using Helicopter Design and Analysis Program, The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences Spring Conference, (2007).
K. M. Ko, S. O. Kang, S. H. Kim, D. H. Lee, Y. J. Chang, W. Choi, Y. S. Hwang and C. H. Kim, Development of Design and Analysis Program for Helicopter Conceptual Design, The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers Spring Conference, (2007).
S. H. Kim, K. M. Ko, J. H. Kim, S. O. Kang, D. H. Lee, W. Choi, Y. S. Hwang and C. H. Kim, Reliability Based Optimization using Helicopter MDO Framework, The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences Fall Conference, (2008).
O. Rand and V. Khromov, Helicopter Sizing by statistics, American Helicopter Society 58th Annual Forum, Montreal, Canada, (2002).
R. W. Prouty, Helicopter Performance, Stability, and Control, Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida (1995) 512–515.
J. G. Leishman, Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics 2nd Edition, Cambridge Publishing (2006) 158–160.
R. W. Prouty, Helicopter Performance, Stability, and Control, Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida (1995) 481–539.
U. S. Army Air Mobility R&D Laboratory, Single Rotor Helicopter Design and Performance Estimation Programs, (1977).
Headquarters, Department of the Army, TECHNICAL MANUAL OPERATOR’s MANUAL FOR UH-60Q HELICOPTER, Headquarters, Department of the Army, TM 1-1520-253-10, (1999).
R. W. Prouty, Helicopter Performance, Stability, and Control, Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida (1995) 663–665.
M. N. Beltramo, Parametric Study of Helicopter Aircraft Systems Costs and Weights, NASA CR152315, (1980).
M. Z. Jaccobson, Fundamentals of Atmospheric Modeling, 2nd editions, Cambridge University Press (2005) 28–37.
J. G. Leishman, Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics 2nd Edition, Cambridge Publishing (2006) 115–124.
Sikorsky Co. Ltd, Sikorsky International Black Hawk Helicopter S-70A Technical Information, Sikorsky, (2002).
Korea Metrological Administration, Electronic public petition center, URL: http://minwon.kma.go.kr/main.Navigation.laf.
N. L. Johnson, S. Kotz and N. Balakrishnam, Continuous Univariate Distributions, Volume 1, 2nd edition, A Wiley-Interscience Publication (1994) 80–81.
PIAnO (Process Integration, Automation and Optimization) User’s Manual, Version 2.4, FRAMAX Inc., Dec. (2008).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This paper was recommended for publication in revised form by Associate Editor Tae Hee Lee
Sanghun Kim is a Ph.D Candidate at Seoul National University since 03/2004. His B.S and Master degrees are from Seoul National University. The research topic of interest in a reliability based design optimization and robust design optimization.
Sangook Jun is a Post Doc. at Seoul National University. His B.S. and Ph.D degree are from Seoul National University. The research topic of interest are a robust design optimization using stochastic analysis and a reduced order model to improve the efficiency of aerodynamic/structural coupled analysis.
Hyungmin Kang is a senior researcher of Korea Aerospace Research Institute. His B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degree are from Seoul National University. He is interested in wavelet for aerodynamic analysis and design optimization of the pantograph for high speed train.
YongJin Park is a Ph.D of Engineering at Studies and Analyses Wing of R.O.K Air Force. His Ph.D is from Seoul National University. His M.S. degree is from Yonsei University and B.S. degree is from Air force academy.
Dongho Lee is a professor at Seoul National University and a member of The National Academy of Engineering of Korea. He was a director of IAAT (Institute if Advanced Aerospace Technology). He is interested in Computational Fluid Dynamics, wind tunnel test and Multidisciplinary Optimization for large and complex systems (e.g. aircraft, helicopter, high speed train, compressor and wind turbine).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, S., Jun, S., Kang, H. et al. Reliability based optimal design of a helicopter considering annual variation of atmospheric temperature. J Mech Sci Technol 25, 1095–1104 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-011-0303-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-011-0303-5