Abstract
This paper develops a methodology to obtain the optimum design of the gravity and reinforced cantilever retaining walls in terms of least-cost, having different cases of backfill satisfying the stability criteria, according to the height and properties of earth that the wall are required to support. An Enhanced Charged System Search Algorithm (ECSS) is utilized to find the economical sections as the output after minimizing the cost. The ECSS is one of the recently developed meta-heuristic algorithms that is inspired by the Coulomb and Gauss’s laws of electrostatics in physics. In order to evaluate the efficiency of this algorithm, some numerical examples are utilized. Comparing the results of the retaining wall designs obtained by the other methods illustrates a good performance of the ECSS.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
ACI Committee 318 (2005). Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills Mich.
Das, B. M. (2004). Principles of foundation engineering, 5th Edition, Brooks/Cole, a Division of Thomson Learning Inc.
Kaveh, A. and Talatahari, S. (2010). “Optimal design of skeletal structures via the charged system search algorithm.” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 893–911.
Kaveh, A. and Talatahari, S. (2011). “An enhanced charged system search for configuration optimization using the concept of fields of forces.” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 339–351.
Kaveh, A., Talatahari, S., and Sheikholeslami, R. (2011). “Optimum seismic design of gravity retaining walls using the heuristic big bang-big crunch algorithm.” Proceeding of the Second International Conference on Soft Computing Technology in Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Civil-Comp Press Stirlingshire, Scotland, Paper No.4, DOI: 10.4203/ccp.97.4.
Mononobe, N. and Matsuo, H. (1929). “On the determination of earth pressures during earthquakes.” Proceeding of the World Engineering Congress, Tokyo, Japan, Vol. 9, No. 388, pp. 177–185.
Okabe, S. (1926). “General theory of earth pressure.” Japanese Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 2, No. 1.
Pourbaba, M., Talatahari, S., and Sheikholeslami, R. (2013). “A chaotic imperialist competitive algorithm for optimum cost design of cantilever retaining walls.” KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, KSCE, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 972–979.
Psarropoulosa, P., Klonarisb, G., and Gazetas, G., (2005). “Seismic earth pressures on rigid and flexible retaining walls.” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 25, Nos. 7–10, pp. 795–809.
Trandafir, A. C., Kamai, T., Sidle, R.C., and Popescu, M. (2007). “Seismic retrofit of gravity retaining walls for residential fills using ground anchors.” Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 679–691.
Yeung, Y. and Ho, K. (1994). Gravity retaining walls subject to seismic loading, Civil Engineering Department Hong Kong.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Talatahari, S., Sheikholeslami, R. Optimum design of gravity and reinforced retaining walls using enhanced charged system search algorithm. KSCE J Civ Eng 18, 1464–1469 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-014-0406-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-014-0406-5