Abstract
The purpose of this study is to estimate the removal efficiency of As and Cr (VI) by one kind of industrial waste — iron chips, as well as to estimate the effects of typical inorganic anions (sulfate, phosphate, and nitrate), and typical organic anions (citrate, oxalate, and humate) on As or Cr (VI) removal. The results showed that 98% of As (V) and 92% of As (III) could be removed from aqueous phase by the iron chips within 60 min. Compared with As species, Cr (VI) was removed much more rapidly and efficiently with 97% of Cr (VI) being removed within 25 min. The removal efficiency for arsenic was in the order: As (III) (sulfate), As (III) (nitrate) or As (III), As (III) (humate), As (III) (oxalate), As (III) (citrate), As (III) (phosphate), and for chromate was in the order: Cr (VI) (sulfate), Cr (VI) (phosphate) or Cr (VI) (nitrate) or Cr (VI) (oxalate), Cr (VI), Cr (VI) (citrate), Cr (VI) (humate). In all the treatments, pH level increased with time except for As (III), the removal of which was either without anions or in the presence of humate or nitrate.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Case Studies in Environmental Medicine, Arsenic Toxicity. Atlanta, USA: U S Public Health Service, 1990
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicology Profile for Chromium. Washington DC, USA: U S Public Health Service, 1991
Day S R, O’Hannesin S F, Marsden L. Geotechnical techniques for the construction of reactive barriers. J Hazard Mater, 1999, B67: 285–297
Astrup T, Stipp S L S, Christensen T H. Immobilization of chromate from coal fly ash leachate using an attenuating barrier containing zero-valent Iron. Environ Sci & Technol, 2000, 34: 4163–4168
Jones D L. Organic acids in the rhizosphere—A critical review. Plant and Soil, 1998, 205: 25–44
Strobel B W. Influence of vegetation on low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids in soil solution—A review. Geoderma, 2001, 99: 169–198
Wittbrodt P R, Palmer C D. Reduction of Cr (VI) in the presence of excess soil fulvic. Environ Sci & Technol, 1995, 29: 255–263
Ko I, Kim J Y, Kim K W. Arsenic speciation and sorption kinetics in the As-hematite-humic acid system. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem Eng Aspects, 2004, 234: 43–50
Su C M, Puls R W. Arsenate and arsenite removal by zerovalent iron: Effects of phosphate, silicate, carbonate, borate, sulfate, chromate, molybdate, and nitrate, relative to chloride. Environ Sci & Technol, 2001, 35: 4562–4568
Su C M, Puls R W. In-situ remediation of arsenic in simulated groundwater using zerovalent iron: Laboratory column tests on combined effects of phosphate and silicate. Environ Sci & Technol, 2003, 37: 2582–2587
Sun H W, Wang L, Zhang R H, Sui J C, Xu G N. Treatment of groundwater polluted by arsenic compounds by zero valent iron. J Hazard Mater, 2006, B129: 297–303
Wilkie J A, Hering J G. Adsorption of arsenic onto hydrous ferric oxide: Effects of adsorbate/adsorbent ratio and cooccuring solutes. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem Eng Aspects,1996, 107: 97–110
State Environmental Protection Administration of China. Supervision and Determination of Water and Waste Water. 4th ed. Beijing, China: China Environmental Science Press, 2002 (in Chinese)
Manning B A, Hunt M L, Amrhein C, Yarmoff J A. Arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) reactions with zerovalent iron corrosion products. Environ Sci & Technol, 2002, 36: 5455–5461
Su C M, Puls R W. Arsenate and arsenite removal by zerovalent iron: Kinetics, redox transformation, and implications for in-situ groundwater remediation. Environ Sci & Technol, 2001, 35: 1487–1492
Buerge I J, Hug S J. Influence of organic ligands on chromium (VI) reduction by iron (II). Environ Sci & Technol, 1998, 32: 2092–2099
Mayer U. A numerical model for multicomponent reactive transport in variably saturated porous media. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree. Waterloo, Canada: University of Waterloo, 1999
Roberts L C, Hug S J, Ruettimann T, Billah M M, Khan A W, Rahman M T. Arsenic removal with iron (II) and iron (III) in waters with high silicate and phosphate concentrations. Environ Sci & Technol, 2004, 38: 307–315
Alowitz M J, Scherer M M. Kinetics of nitrate, nitrite, and Cr (VI) reduction by iron metal. Environ Sci & Technol, 2002, 36: 299–306
Hiemstra T, Riemsdijk W H V. A surface structural approach to ion adsorption: The charge distribution (CD) model. J Colloid Interface Sci, 1996, 179: 488–508
Martel A E, Smith R M, Motekaitis R J. NIST Standard Reference Database 46 Version 7, 2003
Kabir-ud-Din, Khaled Hartani, Zaheer Khan. Effect of micelles on the oxidation of oxalic acid by chromium (VI) in the presence and absence of manganese (II). Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2001, 193: 1–13
Uyguner C S, Bekbolet M. Evaluation of humic acid, chromium (VI) and TiO2 ternary system in relation to adsorptive interactions. Appl Catal B: Env, 2004, 49: 267–275
Jain A, Raven K P, Loeppert R H. Arsenite and arsenate adsorption on ferrihydrite: Surface charge reduction and net OH− release stoichiometry. Environ Sci & Technol, 1999, 33: 1179–1184
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, R., Sun, H. & Yin, J. Arsenic and chromate removal from water by iron chips—Effects of anions. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. China 2, 203–208 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-008-0036-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-008-0036-6