Abstract
The solubility of SnO2(cassiterite) was studied at 23±2 °C as a function of time (7 to 49 days) and pH (0 to 14.5). Steady state concentrations were reached in <7 days. The data were interpreted using the SIT model. The data show that SnO2(cassiterite) is the stable phase at pH values of < ∼11.7. These extensive data provided a log 10 K 0 value of −64.39±0.30 for the reaction (SnO2(cassiterite) +2H2O⇄Sn4++4OH−) and values of 1.86±0.30, ≤−0.62, −9.20±0.34, and −20.28±0.34 for the reaction (\(\mathrm{Sn}^{4+} + n\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \rightleftarrows \mathrm{Sn}(\mathrm{OH})_{n}^{4 - n} + n\mathrm{H}^{+}\)) with values of “n” equal to 1, 4, 5, and 6 respectively. These thermodynamic hydrolysis constants were used to reinterpret the extensive literature data for SnO2(am) solubility, which provided a log 10 K 0 value of −61.80±0.29 for the reaction (SnO2(am)+2H2O⇄Sn4++4OH−). SnO2(cassiterite) is unstable under highly alkaline conditions (NaOH concentrations >0.003 mol⋅dm−3) and transforms to a double salt of SnO2 and NaOH. Although additional well-focused studies will be required for confirmation, the experimental data in the highly alkaline region (0.003 to 3.5 mol⋅dm−3 NaOH) can be well described with log 10 K 0 of −5.29±0.35 for the reaction Na2Sn(OH)6(s)⇄Na2Sn(OH)6(aq).
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Rai, D., Yui, M., Schaef, H.T. et al. Thermodynamic Model for SnO2(cr) and SnO2(am) Solubility in the Aqueous Na+–H+–OH−–Cl−–H2O System. J Solution Chem 40, 1155–1172 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-011-9723-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-011-9723-1