Abstract
For arbitrarily chosen thirty types of natural resources which have been widely used in oriental traditional herb medicine, supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) and organic liquid solvent extraction (LSE) withn-hexane, chloroform and methanol were carried out to extract pharmaceutical substances. To evaluate relative advantages and shortcomings between the SFE and LSE, five types of bioactivity assays as well as gas- and thin layer-chromatographic analysis were performed for all the extracts obtained by the two extraction methods. Types of bioassays performed included cytotoxicity, bleb forming, DNA binding, oxygen free radical scavenger and Xanthine oxidase inhibitor tests. To evaluate economic viability of the SFE over the traditional LSE, extractability of prodrug substances was evaluated as the functions of extraction temperature and pressure. SFE was proven to be a feasible alternative over LSE. Also, the optimum SFE conditions which provided maximum extraction and cytotoxicity for each selected sample were presented.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Baugh, P. J.,“Gas Chromatography”, IRL Press, New York, 1993.
Bevan, C. D. and Marshall, P. S.,“The Use of Supercritical Fluids in the Isolation of Natural Products”,Nat. Prod. Rep.,11, 451 (1994).
Bicchi, C., Rubiolo, P., Frattini, C., Sandra, P. and David, F.,“Off-line Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Capillary Gas Chromatography of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids inSenecio Species”,J. Nat. Prod.,54, 941 (1991).
Choi, Y. H., Kim, J., Noh, M. J., Park E. M. and Yoo, K. P.,“Extraction of Epicuticular Wax and Nonacosan-10-ol fromEphedra herb Utilizing Supercritical Carbon Dioxide”,KJChE,13(2), 216 (1996).
Dey, P. M. and Harborne, J. B.,“Methods in Plant Biochemistry”, Academic Press, New York, vol. 1, 4, 7, 1991.
Han, D. S.,“Saeng Yak Hak”, Dong-Myung Sa, Seoul, 1992.
Hostettmann, K., ed.,“Assays for Bioactivity”, Academic Press, New York, 1991.
Joo, S. J., Choi, Y. H., Kim, J., Noh, M. J., Park, E. M. and Yoo, K. P.,“Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Pharmaceutical Agents from Plant Materials in Korea”, Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. Supercriti. Fluids, Strasbourg, France,2, 407 (1994).
King, M. B. and Bott, T. R., eds.,“Extraction of Natural Products Using Near-Critical Solvents”, Chapman & Hall, London, 1993.
Larson, K. L. and King, M. L., “Evaluation of Supercritical Fluid Extraction in the Pharmaceutical Industry”,Biotech. Prog.,2, 73 (1986).
Lilian, L. B., “Chinese Herba Medicine”, Eastland Press, Seattle, 1986.
Liu, B., Lockwood, B. and Gifford, L. A.,“Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Diosgenin from Tubers ofDioscorea nipponica”,J. Chromatogr.,690, 250 (1995).
Ma, X., Yu, X., Zhang, Z. and Mao, J.,“Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Chinese Herbal Medicines”,Chromatographia,32, 40 (1991).
McHugh, M. and Krukonis, V.,“Supercritical Fluid Extraction-Principles and Practices”, 2nd ed., Butterworths, Boston, 1994.
Modey, W. K., Mulholland, D. A. and Raynor, M. W.,“Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Natural Products”,Phytochem. Anal.,4, 1 (1996).
Rizvi, S. S. H., ed.,“Supercritical Fluid Processing of Food and Biomaterials”, Blackie Academic and Professional, London, 1994.
Smith, R. M. and Burford, M. D.,“Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Gas Chromatographic Determination of the Sesquiterpene Lactone Parthenolide in the Medicinal Herb Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium)”,J. Chromatogr.,627, 255 (1991).
Stahl, E., Quirin, K. W., Gerard, D.,“Dense Gases for Extraction and Refining”, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1981.
Trevor, R.,“The Organic Constituents of Higher Plants”, Cordus Press, North Amherst, 6th ed., 1991.
Wagner, H., Einsenbrand, G. and Zgainski, E. M.,“Plant Drug Analysis”, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1984.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Noh, M.J., Choi, E.S., Kim, S.H. et al. Supercritical fluid extraction and bioassay identification of prodrug substances from natural resources. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 14, 109–116 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02706069
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02706069