Abstract
The order Phyllachorales contains ascomycetous fungi of considerable economic importance. The group is represented mostly by foliar parasites which produce perithecia under a clypeus, inside a stroma, or do not produce any stromatic tissue. A major taxonomic problem with this order is the lack of reliable morphological characters that clearly delimit the entire group. The main purpose of this review is to provide a clear picture of the taxonomic relationships of the order Phyllachorales, along with a key to the most important genera in the family Phyllachoraceae.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Literature cited
Alexopoulos, C. J., Mims, C. W. and Blackwell, M. 1996. Introductory mycology, 4th ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Arx, J. A. von and Müller, E. 1954. Die Gattungen der Amerosporen Pyrenomyceten. Beitr. Kryptogamenfl. Schweiz11: 1–434.
Barr, M. E. 1976a.Buergenerula and the Physosporellaceae. Mycologia68: 611–621.
Barr, M. E. 1976b. Perspectives in the Ascomycotina. Mem. New York Bot. Gard.28: 1–8.
Barr, M. E. 1977.Magnaporthe, Telimenella andHyponectria (Physosporellaceae). Mycologia69: 952–966.
Barr, M. E. 1983. The ascomycete connection. Mycologia75: 1–13.
Barr, M. E. 1987. Prodomus to Class Loculoascomycetes, Published by the author, Amherst, MA.
Barr, M. E. 1990. Prodomus to nonlichenized, pyrenomycetous members of class Hymenoascomycetes. Mycotaxon39: 43–184.
Bezerra, J. L. 1991. Taxonomia dos fungos causadores de Lixa no coqueiro. Fitopatol. Brasil16: 36.
Boyd, E. S. 1934. A developmental study of a new species ofOphiodothella. Mycologia26: 456–468.
Cannon, P. F. 1988. Proposal to merge the Phyllachorales with the Diaporthales, with a new family structure. System. Ascom.7: 23–43.
Cannon, P. F. 1989. Notes onSphaerodothis species parasitic on Gramineae. Stud. Mycol.31: 49–59.
Cannon, P. F. 1991. A revision ofPhyllachora and some similar genera on the host family Leguminosae. Mycol. Pap.163: 1–302.
Cannon, P. F. 1993. Ascomycetes with banded spores. The genusRikatlia gen. nov. System. Ascom.11: 83–93.
Cannon, P. F. 1994. The newly recognized family Magnaporthaceae and its interrelationships. System. Ascom.13: 25–42.
Chadefaud, M. 1960. Les végétaux non vasculaires (Cryptogamie). In: Traité de botanique systématique. Tome I, (ed. by Chadefaud, M. and Emberger, L.), pp. 613–616. Masson et Cie, Paris.
Clements, F. E. and Shear, C. L. 1931. The genera of fungi. H. W. Wilson, New York.
Dennis, R. W. G. 1981. British ascomycetes, Rev. ed. J. Cramer, Varduz.
Ellis, M. B. and Holliday, P. 1972.Leptosphaeria salvinii. CMI descriptions of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. No. 344. CMI Kew, Surrey, U.K.
Eriksson, O. 1982. Outline of the ascomycetes-1982. Mycotaxon15: 203–248.
Eriksson, O. E. and Hawksworth, D. L. 1993. Outline of the ascomycetes-1993. Syst. Ascom.12: 51–257.
Farr, D. F., Bills, G. F., Charmuris, G. P. and Rossman, A. Y., 1989. Fungi on plants and plant products in the United States. APS Press, St. Paul, USA.
Hanlin, R. T. 1990a.Acerviclypeatus, a new genus for the anamorph ofOphiodothella vaccinii. Mycotaxon37: 379–384.
Hanlin, R. T. 1990b. Icones ascomycetum Georgiae:Ophiodothella vaccinii. Mycotaxon39: 1–8.
Hanlin, R. T. 1990c. Illustrated genera of ascomycetes. APS Press, USA.
Hanlin, R. T. and Tortolero, O. 1991. Icones ascomycetum Venezuelae:Phyllachora fusicarpa. Mycotaxon41: 19–26.
Hawksworth, D. L. 1985. Problems and prospects in the systematics of the Ascomycotina. Proc. Indian Acad. (Sci.)94: 319–339.
Hawksworth, D. L. and David, J. C. 1989. Family names-Index of Fungi Supplement. CAB International Mycological Institute, Kew, U.K.
Hawksworth, D. L., Sutton, B. C. and Ainsworth, G. C. 1983. Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the fungi, 7th ed. CMI, Kew, Surrey, U.K.
Hawksworth, D. L., Kirk, P. M., Sutton, B. C. and Pegler, D. N. 1995. Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the fungi, 8th ed. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K.
Horst, R. K. 1990. Westcott’s plant disease handbook, 5th ed. AVI Book, USA.
Jensen, J. D. 1985. Peridial anatomy and pyrenomycete taxonomy. Mycologia77: 688–701.
Joly, P. 1961. Le genreSphaerodothis Shear. Bull. Res. Council Israel10D: 187–193.
Katumoto, K. 1968. On the genusCoccodiella Hara.J. Jpn. Bot. 43: 277–284.
Krause, R. A. and Webster, R. K. 1972. The morphology, taxonomy, and sexuality of the rice stem rot fungus,Magnaporthe salvinii (Leptosphaeria salvinii). Mycologia64: 103–114.
Locquin, M. V. 1984. Mycologie Généra le et Structurale. Masson S.A., Paris.
Luttrell, E. S. 1951. Taxonomy of the Pyrenomycetes. Univ. Missouri Stud.24: 1–120.
Miller, J. H. 1949. A revision of the classification of the ascomycetes with special emphasis on the pyrenomycetes. Mycologia41: 99–127.
Miller, J. H. 1951. Studies in the Phyllachoraceae I.Phyllachora ambrosiae (Berk. and Curt.) Sacc. Amer. J. Bot.38: 830–834.
Miller, J. H. 1954. Studies in the Phyllachoraceae II.Phyllachora lespedezae. Amer. J. Bot.41: 825–828.
Miller, J. H. and Burton, M. G. 1943. Study ofBagnisiopsis species on the Melastomaceae (sic!). Mycologia35: 312–334.
Mordue, J. E. M. 1971.Glomerella cingulata. CMI descriptions of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. No. 315. CMI, Kew. Surrey, U.K.
Müller, E. and Arx, J. A. von 1962. Die Gattungen der didymosporen Pyrenomyceten. Wabern, Bern.
Munk, A. 1957. Danish Pyrenomycetes. A preliminary flora. Dansk Bot. Ark.17: 1–491
Nannfeldt, J. A. 1932. Studien über die morphologie und systematik der nicht-lichenisierten inoperculaten discomyceten. Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. Ser. IV.8: 1–368.
Orton, C. R. 1924. Studies in the morphology of the ascomycetes I. The stroma and the compound fructification of the Dothideaceae and other groups. Mycologia16: 49–95.
Parbery, D. G. 1967. Studies on graminicolous species ofPhyllachora Nke. in Fckl. V. A taxonomic monograph. Austr. J. Bot.15: 271–375.
Petrak, F. 1924. Mykologische notizen No. 301. Über die phylogenetischen beziehungen der gattungPhyllachora Nit. und ihre bedeutung für das system der dothidealean pilze. Ann. Mycol.22: 1–10. (Original not seen.)
Seaver, F. J. 1928. Studies in tropical Ascomycetes-V. Species ofPhyllachora. Mycologia20: 214–225.
Shear, C. L. and Wood, A. K. 1913. Studies of fungus parasites belonging to the genusGlomerella. U.S.D.A. Bur. Pl. Industry. Bull.252: 1–110.
Sherriff, C., Whelan, M. J., Arnold, G. M., Lafay, J.-F., Brygoo, Y. and Bailey, J. A. 1994. Ribosomal DNA sequence analysis reveals new species groupings in the genusColletotrichum. Exper. Mycol.18: 121–138.
Silva, D. M. W. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships of the Phyllachorales and related genera. PhD thesis, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
Subileau, C., Renard, J. L. and Dennetiere, B. 1993.Phyllachora torrendiella (Batista) comb. nov., responsable de la maladie verruqueuse du cocotier. Mycotaxon49: 175–185.
Sutton, B. C. 1992. The genusGlomerella and its anamorphColletotrichum In:Colletotrichum: Biology, pathology and control, (ed. by Bailey, J. A. and Jeger, M. J.), pp. 1–26. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K.
Swart, H. J. 1982. Australian leaf-inhabiting fungi. XV.Ophiodothella longispora sp. nov. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc.79: 566–568.
Theissen, F. and Sydow, H. 1915. Die Dothideales. Ann. Mycol.13: 147–746 +6pl
Wehmeyer, L. E. 1975. The pyrenomycetous fungi. Mycol. Mem.6: 1–250.
Yaegashi, H. and Udagawa, S. 1978. The taxonomical identity of the perfect state ofPyricularia grisea and its allies. Can. J. Bot.56: 180–183.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
About this article
Cite this article
Silva-Hanlin, D.M.W., Halin, R.T. The order phyllachorales: Taxonomic review. Mycoscience 39, 97–104 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02461586
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02461586