Summary
Plastids of the brown algaDictyota dichotoma contain a single homogeneous DNA species which bands at a buoyant density of 1.693 g/cm3 in neutral CsCl equilibrium density gradients. The corresponding nuclear DNA has a density of 1.715 g/cm3. The molecular size of the plastid DNA is 123 kbp as calculated by both electron microscopy of spread intact circular molecules and gel electrophoresis following single and double digestions with various restriction enzymes. A restriction map has been constructed using the endonucleases Sal I, Bam HI, and Bgl II which cleave theDictyota plastome into 6, 12, and 17 fragments, respectively. No large repeated regions, as found in chlorophycean andEuglena plastid DNAs, were detected.Dictyota dichotoma is the first member from the chlorophyll c-line of the algal pedigree for which a physical map of plastid DNA has been established.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Aldrich J, Cattolico RA: Isolation and characterization of chloroplast DNA from the marine chromophyte, Olisthodiscus luteus. Electron microscopic visualization of isomeric molecular forms. Plant Physiol 68:641–647, 1981.
Arrand JR, Myers PA, Roberts RJ: A new restriction endonuclease from Streptomyces albus G. J Mol Biol 118:127–135, 1978.
Bedbrook JR, Bogorad L: Endonuclease recognition sites mapped on Zea mays chloroplast DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73:4309–4313, 1976.
Behn W, Herrmann RG: Circular molecules in theβ-satellite DNA of Chlamydomonas reinhardii. Mol Gen Genet 157:25–30, 1977.
Bohnert HJ, Crouse EJ, Pouyet J, Mucke H, Löffelhardt W: The subcellular localization of DNA components from Cyanophora paradoxa, a flagellate containing endosymbiotic cyanelles. Eur J Biochem 126:381–388, 1982.
Bohnert HJ, Loeffelhardt W: Genome and gene organization of the cyanelle DNA from Cyanophora paradoxa in relation to the common organization in chloroplasts. In: Compartments in algal cells and their interaction (Wiessner W, Robinson D, Starr RC, eds). Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 58–68, 1984.
Bowman CM, Koller B, Delius H, Dyer TA: A physical map of wheat chloroplast DNA showing the location of the structural genes for the ribosomal RNAs and the large subunit of ribulose 1.5-biphosphate carboxylase. Mol Gen Genet 183:93–101, 1981.
Crato E: Die Physode, ein Organ des Zellenleibes. Ber Dt Bot Ges 10:295–303, 1982.
Dalmon J, Loiseaux S: The deoxyribonucleic acids of two brown algae: Pylaiella littoralis (L.) Kjellm. and Sphacelaria sp. Plant Science Letters 21:241–251, 1981.
Dalmon J, Loiseaux S, Bazetoux S: Heterogeneity of plastid DNA of two species of brown algae. Plant Science Letters 29:243–253, 1983.
Davis RW, Simon M, Davidson N: Electron microscope heteroduplex methods for mapping regions of base sequence homology in nucleic acids. In: Methods in Enzymology (Grossman L, Moldave K, eds) Vol XXI part D, pp 413–428. Academic Press, New York, 1971.
Duncan CH, Wilson GA, Young FE: Biochemical and genetic properties of site-specific restriction endonucleases in Bacillus globigii. J Bacteriol 134:338–344, 1978.
van Ee JH, Vos YJ, Planta RJ: Physical map of chloroplast DNA of Spirodela oligorrhiza; analysis by the restriction endonucleases Pst I, Xho I, Sac I. Gene 12:191–200, 1980.
Ersland DR, Aldrich J, Cattolico RA: Kinetic complexity, homogeneity, and copy number of chloroplast DNA from the marine alga Olisthodiscus luteus. Plant Physiol 68:1468–1473, 1981.
Gillham NW, Boynton JE, Harris EH: Evolution of plastid DNA. In: DNA and Evolution: Natural selection and genome size (Cavalier-Smith T, ed). J Wiley and Sons, New York, in press.
Gray PW, Hallick RB: Physical mapping of the Euglena gracilis chloroplast DNA and ribosomal RNA gene region. Biochemistry 17:284–289, 1978.
Green BR: Covalently closed minicircular DNA associated with Acetabularia chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 447:156–166, 1976.
Green B, Heilporn V, Limbosch S, Boloukhere M, Brachet J: The cytoplasmic DNA's of Acetabularia mediterranea. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 58:1351–1358, 1967.
Hauenschild C: Invertebraten. In: Methoden der meeresbiologischen Forschung (Schlieper C, ed), pp 192–209, VER Fischer Jena, 1968.
Hedberg M, Huang YS, Homersand M: Size of the chloroplast genome in Codium fragile. Science 213:445–447, 1981.
Herrmann RG, Bohnert HJ, Kowallik KV, Schmitt JM: Size, conformation and purity of chloroplast DNA of some higher plants. Biochim Biophys Acta 378:305–317, 1975.
Herrmann RG, Whitfeld PR, Bottomley W: Construction of a Sal I/Pst I restriction map of spinach chloroplast DNA using low-gelling-temperature-agarose electrophoresis. Gen 8:179–191, 1980.
Koller B, Delius H: Vicia faba chloroplast DNA has only one set of ribosomal RNA genes as shown by partial denaturation mapping and R-loop analysis. Mol Gen Genet 178:261–269, 1980.
Koller B, Delius H: Chloroplast DNA of Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris with 5 complete transfer RNA operons and 2 extra 16S transfer RNA genes. Mol Gen Genet 188:305–308, 1983.
Leaver CJ, Hack E, Dawson AJ, Isaac PG, Jones VP: Mitochondrial genes and their expression in higher plants. In: Mitochondria 1983 (Schweyen RJ, Wolf K, Kaudewitz F, eds), pp 269–283, de Gruyter & Co Berlin, 1983.
Linne von Berg KH, Schmidt M, Linne von Berg G, Sturm K, Hennig A, Kowallik KV: The chloroplast genome (plastome) from algae of different phylogenetic relationships. Brit Phycol J 17:235, 1982.
Lüttke A, Bonotto S: Chloroplasts and chloroplast DNA of Acetabularia mediterranea: facts and hypotheses. Int Rev Cytol 77:205–242, 1982.
Manning JE, Richards OC: Isolation and molecular weight of circular chloroplast DNA from Euglena gracilis. Biochim Biophys Acta 259:285–296, 1972.
Ohyama K, Yamano Y, Fukuzawa H, Komano T, Yamagishi H, Fujimoto S, Sugiura M: Physical mappings of chloroplast DNA from liverwort Marchantia polymorpha L. cell suspension cultures. Mol Gen Genet 189:1–9, 1983.
Palmer JD: Physical and gene mapping of chloroplast DNA from Atriplex triangularis and Cucumis sativa. Nucleic Acids Research 10:1593–1605, 1982.
Palmer JD, Stein DB: Chloroplast DNA from the fern Osmunda cinnamomea: Physical organization, gene localization and comparison to angiosperm chloroplast DNA. Current Genetics 5:165–170, 1982.
Palmer JD, Thompson WF: Rearrangements in the chloroplast genomes of mung bean and pea. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78:5533–5537, 1981.
Palmer JD, Thompson WF: Chloroplast DNA rearrangements are more frequent when a large inverted repeat sequence is lost. Cell 29:537–550, 1982.
van der Ploeg LHT, Flavell RA: DNA methylation in the human γδβ-globin locus in erythroid and nonerythroid tissues. Cell 19:947–958, 1980.
Poulsen C: The barley chloroplast genome: physical structure and transcriptional activity in vivo. Carlsberg Res Commun 48:57–80, 1983.
Provasoli L, McLaughlin JJA, Droop MR: The development of artificial media for marine algae. Arch Mikrobiol 25:392–428, 1957.
Provasoli L: Media and prospects for the cultivation of marine algae. In: Cultures and collections of algae (Watanabe A, Hattori A, eds). Proc US-Japan Conf Hakone Sept. 66. Jap Soc Plant Physiol, pp 63–75, 1968.
Rawson JRY, Clegg MT, Thomas K, Rinehart C, Wood B: A restriction map of the ribosomal RNA genes and the short single-copy DNA sequence of the pearl millet chloroplast genome. Gene 16:11–19, 1981.
Rochaix JD: Restriction endonuclease map of the chloroplast DNA of Chlamydomonas reinhardii. J Mol Biol 126:597–617, 1978.
Rochaix JD: Organization, function and expression of the chloroplast DNA of Chlamydomonas reinhardii. Experientia 37:323–332, 1981.
Seyer P, Kowallik KV, Herrmann RG: A physical map of Nicotiana tabacum plastid DNA including the location of structural genes for ribosomal RNAs and the large subunit of ribulose biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. Current Genetics 3:189–204, 1981.
Whitfeld PR, Bottomley W: Organization and structure of chloroplast genes. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 34:279–310, 1983.
Wurtz EA, Buetow DE: Intraspecific variation in the structural organization and redundancy of chloroplast ribosomal DNA cistrons in Euglena gracilis. Current Genetics 3:181–187, 1981.
Yamada T: Characterization of inverted repeat sequences and ribosomal RNA-genes of chloroplast DNA from Chlorella ellipsoidea. Current Genetics 7:481–487, 1983.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Dedicated to Professor Dr. W. Stubbe on the occasion of his 65th birthday.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kuhsel, M., Kowallik, K.V. The plastome of a brown alga,Dictyota dichotoma . Plant Mol Biol 4, 365–376 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02418258
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02418258