Abstract
Natural control agents of the satin moth,Leucoma salicis (L.) were examined in 2Populus grandidentata Michaux stands. Highest mortality occurred in overwintering larvae, with the causal agents 2 fungi,Paecilomyces sp. andHirsutella gigantea Petch, a factor causing death symptomatic of a pathogen, the parasiteEupteromalis hemipterus (Walker) and death from unknown causes. Mortality fromPaecilomyces sp. andE. hemipterus was reduced where overwintering sites were covered with burlap cloth. Parasites recovered from larvae and pupae included the braconidsApanteles melanoscelus (Ratzeburg) andMeteorus versicolor (Wesmeal), the ichneumonidCoccygomimus pedalis (Cresson), the tachinidsCompsilura concinnata (Meigen),Carcelia laxifrons Villeneuve,Tachinomyia variata Curran, and the sarcophagidsSarcophaga aldrichi Parker andAgria housei Shewell. Larval and pupal predators included the carabidCalosoma frigidum Kirby, pentatomids, and birds, particularly black-billed cuckoos,Coccyzus erythrophthaimus (Wilson). Eggs were parasitized by the scelionidTelenomus prob.californicus Ashmead and the trichogrammidTrichogramma minutum (Riley). Predators of adult satin moths included the hermit thrush,Hylocichla guttata (Pallas), and pentatomid bugs.
Résumé
Les agents de mortalité naturelle du Bombyx du saule,Leucoma salicis (L.) ont été étudiés dans deux peuplements dePopulus grandidentata Michaux. La plus forte mortalité est intervenue chez les larves hivernantes. Elle a été provoquée par 2 champignons,Paecilomyces sp. etHirsutella gigantea Petch., un facteur paraissant être un agent pathogène d'après les symptômes, le parasiteEupteromalis hemipterus (Walker) et des causes inconnues. La mortalité parPaecilomyces etE. hemipterus fut diminuée dans les sites d'hibernation recouvert d'une toile d'emballage. Les parasites issus des larves et des chrysalides furent: les braconidesApanteles melanoscelus (Ratzeburg) etMeteorus versicolor (Wesmeal), l'ichneumonideCoccygomimus pedalis (Cresson), les tachinairesCompsilura concinnata (Meigen),Carcelia laxifrons Villeneuve,Tachinomyia variata Curran, et les sarcophagidesSarcophaga aldrichi Parker etAgria housei Shewell. les prédateurs des larves et des chrysalides comprenaient le carabiqueCalosoma frigidum Kirby, des pentatomides et des oiseaux notamment le coucou,Coccyzus erythrophthaimus (Wilson). Les œufs furent parasités par le scelionideTelenomus probablementcalifornicus Ashmead et le trichogranneTrichogramma minutum (Riley). Parmi les prédateurs des papillons il y avait la grive,Hylocichla guttata (Pallas) et des pentatomides.
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Taken in part from a thesis submitted to the University of Maine in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Ph. D. degree by the 1st author.
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Wagner, T.L., Leonard, D.E. Mortality factors of satin moth,Leucoma salicis [Lep.: Lymantriidae], in aspen forests in Maine. Entomophaga 25, 7–16 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02377517
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02377517