Summary
In 1987/88 a winter outbreak of infantile gastroenteritis occurred in Manipur, India which was mainly due to rotaviruses of long electropherotype and subgroup (SG) I. The VP7 gene of one of these viruses (M48) has been cloned and sequenced. It was found to be very closely related to the VP7 genes of the G2 serotype human rotaviruses RV-5 and S2. Follow-up epidemiology of this event in Manipur during 1989–1992 yielded mainly rotaviruses of more conventional characteristics (94 isolates of SG II and long electropherotype, and 90 isolates of SG I and short electropherotype), but also 6 isolates of SG I with long electropherotype, indicating that these viruses continue to circulate in the Manipur community. One isolate of short electropherotype was of subgroup II, and one long electropherotype isolate reacted with the group A but not with either the subgroup I or subgroup II monoclonal antibodies.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Aboudy J, Shif I, Zilberstein I, Gotlieb-Stematsky T (1988) Use of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies and analysis of viral RNA in the detection of unusual group A human rotaviruses. J Med Virol 25: 351–359
Ahmed MU, Urasawa S, Taniguchi K, Urasawa T, Kobayashi N, Wakasugi F, Islam AIMM, Sahikh HA (1991) Analysis of human rotavirus strains prevailing in Bangladesh in relation to nationwide floods brought by the 1988 monsoon. J Clin Microbiol 29: 2273–2279
Beards G, Desselberger U, Flewett TH (1989) Temporal and geographical distributions of human rotavirus serotypes, 1983–1988. J Clin Microbiol 27: 2827–2833
Beards G, Xu L, Ballard A, Desselberger U, McCrae MA (1992) A serotype 10 human rotavirus. J Clin Microbiol 30: 1432–1435
Bellinzoni RB, Mattion NM, Matson DO, Blackhall J, La Torre JL, Scodeller EA, Urasawa S, Taniguchi K, Estes MK (1990) Porcine rotaviruses antigenically related to human rotavirus serotypes 1 and 2. J Clin Microbiol 28: 633–636
Blackhall J, Bellinzoni R, Mattion N, Estes MK, La Torre JL, Magnusson G (1992) A bovine rotavirus serotype 1: serologic characterization of the virus and nucleotide sequence determination of the structural glycoprotein VP7 gene. Virology 189: 833–837
Both GW, Mattick JS, Bellamy AR (1983) Serotype specific glycoprotein of simian 11 rotavirus: coding assignment and gene sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80: 3091–3095
Browning GF, Chalmers RM, Fitzgerald TA, Snodgrass DR (1991a) Serological and genomic characterization of L338, a novel equine group A rotavirus G serotype. J Gen Virol 72: 1059–1064
Browning GF, Fitzgerald TA, Chalmers RM, Snodgrass DR (1991b) A novel group A rotavirus G serotype: serological and genomic characterization of equine isolate FI23. J Clin Microbiol 29: 2043–2046
Das M, Dunn SJ, Woode GN, Greenberg HB, Rao CD (1993) Both surface proteins (VP4 and VP7) of an asymptomatic neonatal rotavirus strain (1321) have high levels of sequence identity with the homologous proteins of a serotype 10 bovine rotavirus. Virology 194: 374–379
Desselberger U (1993) Towards rotavirus vaccines. Rev Med Virol 3: 15–21
Devereux J, Haeberli P, Smithies O (1984) A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the Vax. Nucleic Acids Res 12: 387–395
Dunn SJ, Greenberg HB, Ward RL, Nakagomi O, Burns JW, Vo PT, Pax KA, Das M, Gowda K, Rao CD (1993) Serotypic and genotypic characterization of human serotype 10 rotaviruses from asymptomatic neonates. J Clin Microbiol 31: 165–169
Dyall-Smith ML, Holmes IH (1984) Sequence homology between human and animal rotavirus serotype-specific glycoproteins. Nucleic Acids Res 12: 3973–3982
Estes MK, Cohen J (1989) Rotavirus gene structure and function. Microbiol Rev 53: 410–449
Follett EAC, Sanders RC, Beards GM, Hundley F, Desselberger U (1984) Molecular epidemiology of human rotaviruses: Analysis of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Glasgow and the West of Scotland 1981/82 and 1982/83. J Hyg 92: 209–222
Garbarg-Chenon A, Bricout F, Nicolas JC (1986) Serological characterization of human reassortant rotaviruses. J Virol 59: 510–513
Gentsch JR, Das BK, Jiang B, Bhan MK, Glass RI (1993) Similarity of the VP4 protein of human rotavirus strain 116E to that of the bovine B 223 strain. Virology 194: 424–430
Gerna G, Sarasini A, Matteo AD, Zentilin L, Miranda P, Parea M, Baldanti F, Arista S, Milanesi G, Battaglia M (1990) Serotype 3 human rotavirus strains with subgroup I specificity. J Clin Microbiol 28: 1342–1347
Gerna G, Sarasini A, Parea M, Arista S, Miranda P, Brussow H, Hoshino Y, Flores J (1992) Isolation and characterization of two distinct human rotavirus strains with G6 specificity. J Clin Microbiol 30: 9–16
Ghosh SK, Naik TN (1989) Detection of a large number of subgroup I human rotaviruses with a “long” RNA electropherotype. Arch Virol 105: 119–127
Glass RI, Keith J, Nakagomi O, Nakagomi T, Askaa J, Kapikian AZ, Chanock RM, Flores J (1985) Nucleotide sequence of the structural glycoprotein VP7 gene of Nebraska calf diarrhoea virus rotavirus: comparison with homologous genes from four strains of human and animal rotaviruses. Virology 141: 292–298
Gorziglia M, Aguirre Y, Hoshino Y, Esparza J, Blumenthal I, Askaa J, Thompson M, Glass RI, Kapikian AZ, Chanock RM (1986) VP7 serotype-specific glycoprotein of OSU porcine rotavirus: coding assignment and gene sequence. J Gen Virol 67: 2445–2454
Gorziglia M, Nishikawa K, Green K, Taniguchi K (1988) Gene sequence of the VP7 serotype specific glycoprotein of Gottfried porcine rotavirus. Nucleic Acids Res 16: 775
Green KY, Hoshino Y, Ikegami N (1989) Sequence analysis of the gene encoding the serotype-specific glycoprotein (VP7) of two new human rotavirus serotypes. Virology 168: 429–433
Green KY, Midthun K, Gorziglia M, Hoshino Y, Kapikian AZ, Chanock RM, Flores J (1987) Comparison of the amino acid sequences of the major neutralization protein of four human rotavirus serotypes. Virology 161: 153–159
Gunn PR, Sato F, Powell KFH, Bellamy AR, Napier JR, Harding DRK, Hancock WS, Siegman LJ, Both GW (1985) Rotavirus neutralizing protein VP7: antigenic determinants investigated by sequence analysis and peptide synthesis. J Virol 54: 791–797
Herring AJ, Inglis NF, Ojeh CK, Snodgrass DR, Menzies JD (1982) Rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infection by direct detection of viral nucleic acid in silver stained polyacrylamide gels. J Clin Microbiol 16: 473–477
Hum CP, Dyall-Smith ML, Holmes IH (1989) The VP7 gene of a new G serotype of human rotavirus (B37) is similar to G3 proteins in the antigenic C region. Virology 170: 55–61
Kantharidis P, Dyall-Smith ML, Holmes IH (1987) Marked sequence variation between segment 4 genes of human RV-5 and simian SA11 rotaviruses. Arch Virol 93: 111–121
Kapikian AZ, Chanock RM (1990) Rotaviruses. In: Fields BN, Knife DM, Chanock RM, Hirsch MS, Melmick JL, Monath TP, Roizman B, (eds) Virology, 2nd edn. Raven Press, New York, pp 1353–1404
Laemmli UK (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227: 680–685
Matsuda Y, Nakagomi O (1989) Antigenic and molecular characterization of bovine rotaviruses isolated in Japan. Res Virol 140: 337–350
Nakagomi T, Katsushima N, Nakagomi O (1988) Relative frequency of human rotavirus subgroups I and II in relation to ‘short’ and ‘long’ electropherotypes of viral RNA. Ann Inst Pasteur 139: 295–300
Nakagomi T, Nakagomi O (1989) RNA-RNA hybridization identifies a human rotavirus that is genetically related to feline rotavirus. J Virol 63: 1431–1434
Nakagomi O, Ohshina A, Aboudy Y, Shif I, Mochizuki M, Nakagomi T, Gotlieb-Stematsky T (1990) Molecular identification by RNA-RNA hybridization of a human rotavirus that is closely related to rotaviruses of feline and canine origin. J Clin Microbiol 28: 1198–1203
Nishikawa K, Hoshino Y, Gorziglia M (1991) Sequence of the VP7 gene of chicken rotavirus Ch2 strain of serotype 7 rotavirus. Virology 185: 853–857
Noel JS, Beards GM, Cubitt WD (1991) Epidemiological survey of human rotavirus serotypes and electropherotypes in young children admitted to two children's hospitals in northeast London from 1984–1990. J Clin Microbiol 29: 2213–2219
Richardson MA, Iwamoto A, Ikegami N, Nomoto A, Furuichi Y (1984) Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the serotype-sepecific antigen of human (Wa) rotavirus: Comparison with the homologous genes from simian SA11 and UK bovine rotaviruses. J Virol 51: 860–862
Rodger SM, Holmes IH (1979) Comparison of the genomes of simian, bovine, and human rotaviruses by gel electrophoresis and detection of genomic variation among bovine isolates. J Virol 30: 839–846
Ruiz AM, Lopez IV, Lopez S, Espejo RT, Arias CF (1988) Molecular and antigenic characterization of porcine rotavirus YM, a possible new rotavirus serotype. J Virol 62: 4331–4336
Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning — a laboratory manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Springer Harbor
Sanger F, Nicklen S, Coulson AR (1977) DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74: 5463–5467
Staden R (1984) A computer program to enter DNA gel reading data into a computer. Nucleic Acids Res 12: 499–503
Steele D, Alexander JJ (1988). The relative frequency of subgroup I and II rotaviruses in black infants in Sourth Africa. J Med Virol 24: 321–327
Steele AD, van Niekerk MC, Geyer A, Bos P, Alexander JJ (1992). Further characterization of human rotaviruses isolated from asymptomatically infected neonates in South Africa. J Med Virol 38: 22–26
Sukumaran M, Gowda K, Maiya PP, Srinivas TP, Kumar MS, Aijaz S, Reddy RR, Padilla L, Greenberg HB, Rao CD (1992) Exclusive asymptomatic neonatal infections by human rotavirus strains having subgroup I specificity and “long” RNA electropherotype. Arch Virol 126: 239–251
Tabor S, Richardson CC (1989) Selective inactivation of the exonuclease activity of bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase by in vitro mutagenesis. J Biol Chem 264: 6447–6458
Taniguchi K, Urasawa T, Kobayashi N, Gorziglia M, Urasawa S (1990) Nucleotide sequence of VP4 and VP7 genes of human rotaviruses with subgroup I specificity and long RNA pattern: implication for new G serotype specificity. J Virol 64: 5640–5644
Taniguchi K, Urasawa T, Pongsuwanna J, Choonthanom M, Tayavasu C, Urasawa S (1991) Molecular and antigenic analyses of serotypes 8 and 10 of bovine rotaviruses in Thailand. J Gen Virol 72: 2929–2937
Urasawa S, Hasegawa A, Urasawa T, Taniguchi K, Wakasugi F, Suzuki H, Inouye S, Pongprot B, Supawadee J, Suprasert S, Rangsiyanond P, Tonusin S, Yamazi Y (1992) Antigenic and genetic analyses of human rotaviruses in Chiang Mai, Thailand: Evidence for a close relationship between human and animal rotaviruses. J Infect Dis 166: 227–234
Xu L, Harbour D, McCrae MA (1990) the application of polymerase chain reaction to the detection of rotaviruses in faeces. J Virol Methods 27: 29–38
Xu L, Harbour D, McCrae MA (1991) Sequence of the gene encoding the major neutralization antigen (VP7) of serotype 10 rotavirus. J Gen Virol 72: 177–180
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Krishnan, T., Burke, B., Shen, S. et al. Molecular epidemiology of human rotaviruses in Manipur: genome analysis of rotaviruses of long electropherotype and subgroup I. Archives of Virology 134, 279–292 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01310567
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01310567