Summary
We obtain boundary conditions for two-dimensional flows of identical, nearly elastic, circular disks that interact with a flat wall to which identical, evenly spaced half-disks have been attached. Expressions for the transfer of momentum and energy from the boundary to the flow are obtained by statistical averaging over all possible wall-flow disk collisions. We improve upon the expressions derived by Jenkins and Richman [1986] by employing in the averaging process a more elaborate velocity distribution function obtained through the method of moments. In addition we expand the distribution function about a point near the flat wall that guarantees positive slip velocities. With these boundary conditions, we analyze a two-dimensional shear flow driven by parallel bumpy boundaries. The constitutive theory employed includes both the effects of particle collisions and particle transport on the transfer of momentum and energy throughout the flow. We demonstrate how the resulting profiles of velocity, granular temperature, and solid fraction are affected by changes in the geometry of the boundary. We also predict how the induced stresses vary with the geometry of the boundary and the average solid fraction within the flow.
Zusammenfassung
Wir erhalten die Randbedingungen für die zweidimensionale Strömung identischer, beinahe elastischer, runder Scheiben, die sich in Wechselwirkung mit einer geraden Wand befinden, an der in gleichmäßigen Abständen Halbscheiben angebracht sind. Es werden Ausdrücke für die Übertragung von Impuls und Energie vom Rand auf den Strom aufgestellt, die durch den statisch errechneten Durchschnitt aller möglichen Scheibenkollisionen Wand-Strom erhalten werden. Wir verbessern die von Jenkins und Richman (1986) entwickelten Ausdrücke dadurch, daß bei der Berechnung der Mittelwerte eine erweiterte Geschwindigkeitsverteilung, die auf der Momentmethode beruht, einbezogen wurde. Außerdem entwickeln wir die Verteilungsfunktion an einem Punkt so nahe an der Wand, daß positive Gleitgeschwindigkeiten garantiert sind. Wir untersuchen eine zweidimensionale Scherströmung mit diesen Randbedingungen, die durch die parallelen unebenen Ränder getrieben wird. Die konstitutive Theorie, die wir anwenden, beinhaltet sowohl den Einfluß der Teilchenkollisionen als auch den des Teilchentransports auf die Übertragung von Impuls und Energie innerhalb der Strömung. Wir zeigen, wie die Profile der Geschwindigkeit, der Granu-lartemperatur und des Festkörperanteils, die sich ergeben, durch Veränderungen der Randgeometrie beeinflußt werden. Weiterhin können wir voraussagen, wie die erzeugten Spannungen sich mit der Randgeometrie und dem im Strom enthaltenen Festkörperanteil verändern.
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Richman, M.W., Chou, C.S. Boundary effects on granular shear flows of smooth disks. Z. angew. Math. Phys. 39, 885–901 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00945125
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00945125