Abstract
A new type of cosmological history which includes large-scale entropy production is proposed. These cosmologies are based on a reinterpretation of the matter-energy stress tensor in Einstein's equations. This modifies the usual adiabatic energy conservation laws, thereby leading to a possible irreversible matter creation. This creation corresponds to an irreversible energy flow from the gravitational field to the created matter constituents. This new point of view results from the consideration of thermodynamics of open systems in the framework of cosmology. It appears that the usual initial singularity is structurally unstable with respect to irreversible matter creation. The corresponding cosmological history therefore starts from an instability of the vacuum rather than from a singularity. The universe evolves through an inflationary phase. This appears to be an attractor independent of the initial vacuum fluctuation.
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Recently two of the authors (J.G. and I.P.) have considered the problem of a redefinition of matter density and pressure in the stress tensor. To some extent, the present work continues this attempt: Prigogine, I., and Geheniau, J. (1986).Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,83, 6245; Geheniau, J., and Prigogine, I. (1986).Found. Phys.,16, 437.
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This essay received the fifth award from the Gravity Research Foundation for the year 1988.-Ed.
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Prigogine, I., Geheniau, J., Gunzig, E. et al. Thermodynamics and cosmology. Gen Relat Gravit 21, 767–776 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00758981
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00758981