Abstract
The conversion of the submerged form ofRiccia fluitans to the landform either by transfer to a moist solid surface or by treatment with abscisic acid (ABA), is accompanied by the formation of a set of new polypeptides and concomitant down-regulation of other polypeptides. Changes in gene expression were analyzed by twodimensional separations of proteins and differential screening of a cDNA library. One of the landform-specific proteins might depend on the expression of the newly discoveredRic 1 gene. The deduced amino acid sequence of the isolatedRic 1 cDNA clone codes for a protein with a molecular mass of 30.1 kDa. This polypeptide possesses two amino acid sequences which are repeated five times each and it is largely hydrophilic with the exception of a hydrophobic carboxyl-terminal region. Under ABA treatment the expression of theRic 1 mRNA had already reached its maximum after 1 h of incubation. Transferring submerged thalli onto an agar surface resulted in a slower induction. TheRic 1 gene product shows homology to an embryo-specific polypeptide of carrot seeds and to the group 3 of late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins. Interestingly, ABA treatment improved the desiccation tolerance of the submerged thalli. Additionally, ABA stimulated the synthesis of a protein which is immunologically related to a tonoplast protein. This finding, together with the fact that the ABA-induced landform exhibits an increased activity of several vacuolar enzymes, may indicate a special role of the tonoplast and the vacuole during ABA-induced conversion of the thallus from the submerged to the terrestrial form.
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Abbreviations
- ABA:
-
abscisic acid
- 2-D PAGE:
-
two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- Fo, Fm :
-
initial and maximal chlorophylla fluorescence
- LEA:
-
late embryogenesis abundant
- Q a :
-
primary quinone acceptor of PS II
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We are grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for financial support SFB 251, SFB 176 to Prof. O.H. Volk (Institut für Biowissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Germany) for generous supply ofRiccia fluitans thalli and many useful discussions and to Mrs B. Arbinger and Mrs B. Dierich for skilful technical assistance.
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Hellwege, E.M., Dietz, KJ. & Hartung, W. Abscisic acid causes changes in gene expression involved in the induction of the landform of the liverwortRiccia fluitans L.. Planta 198, 423–432 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00620059
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00620059