Abstract
Residual stresses in curing resins in laminates were successfully measured with a unique testing technique. Residual stresses at least of the same order of magnitude as the tensile strength of the resin were built up as a result of resin shrinkage induced by chemical reaction and the thermal mismatch between fibre and resin both above the glass transition temperature, and below. Residual stresses can be reduced if the resin can be almost fully cured at a relatively low temperature and further post-cure will not activate appreciable additional reaction. Fracture toughness tests were also carried out on cast resin samples. High resin fracture-toughness and low resin residual stress are the conditions desired for the laminate to resist transverse cracking. Although this ideal combination was not realized for the resin systems in our study, it should be achievable once the curing cycle as well as the resin formulation are properly adjusted.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
K. W. Garrett and J. E. Bailey, J. Mater. Sci. 12 (1977) 157.
A. Parvizi, K. W. Garrett and J. E. Bailey, ibid. 13 (1978) 195.
A. Parvizi and J. E. Bailey, ibid. 13 (1978) 2131.
J. E. Bailey, P. T. Curtis and A. Parvizi, Proc. Roy. Soc. A366 (1979) 599.
M. G. Bader, J. E. Bailey, P. T. Curtis and A. Parvizi, Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on the Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Cambridge, UK (Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK, Elmsford, New York, 1980), Vol. 3, 20–24 August, 1979, p. 227.
A. S. D. Wang and F. W. Crossman, J. Comp. Mater. Suppl. 14 (1980) 71.
F. W. Crossman, W. J. Warren, A. S. D. Wang and G. E. Law, Jr, ibid. 14 (1980) 88.
R. M. Christensen and J. A. Rinde, Polymer Eng. Sci. 19 (1979) 506.
K. W. Garret and J. E. Bailey, J. Mater. Sci. 12 (1977) 2189.
J. E. Bailey and A. Parvizi, ibid. 16 (1981) 649.
S. K. Gaggar and L. J. Broutman, Polymer Eng. Sci. 16 (1976) 537.
I. M. Daniel, in “Composite Materials” Vol. 2, edited by L. J. Broutman and R. H. Krock (Academic Press, New York, 1974) Chap. 10.
B. Cunningham, J. P. Sargent, and K. H. G. Ashbee, J. Mater. Sci. 16 (1981) 620.
J. F. Knott, “Fundamentals of Fracture Mechanics” (Halsted Press, New York, 1973) p. 130.
D. Broek, “Elementary Engineering Fracture Mechanics” (Sijthoff and Noordhoff, Amsterdam, 1978) p. 166.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lee, S.M., Schile, R.D. An investigation of material variables of epoxy resins controlling transverse cracking in composites. J Mater Sci 17, 2095–2106 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00540428
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00540428