Abstract
In this paper we compare grammatical inference in the context of simple and of mixed Lambek systems. Simple Lambek systems are obtained by taking the logic of residuation for a family of multiplicative connectives /,•,\, together with a package of structural postulates characterizing the resource management properties of the • connective.Different choices for Associativity and Commutativity yield the familiar logics NL, L, NLP, LP. Semantically, a simple Lambek system is a unimodal logic: the connectives get a Kripke style interpretation in terms of a single ternary accessibility relation modeling the notion of linguistic composition for each individual system.
The simple systems earch have their virtues in linguistic analysis. But none of them in isolation provides a basis for a full theory of grammar. In the second part of the paper, we consider two types of mixed Lambek systems.
The first type is obtained by combining a number of unimodal systems into one multimodal logic. The combined multimodal logic is set up in such a way that the individual resource management properties of the constituting logics are preserved. But the inferential capacity of the mixed logic is greater than the sum of its component parts through the addition of interaction postulates, together with the corresponding interpretive constraints on frames, regulating the communication between the component logics.
The second type of mixed system is obtained by generalizing the residuation scheme for binary connectives to families of n-ary connectives, and by putting together families of different arities in one logic. We focus on residuation for unary connectives, and their combination with the standard binary vocabulary. The unary connectives play the role of control devices, both with respect to the static aspects of linguistic structure, and the dynamic aspects of putting this structure together. We prove a number of elementary logical results for unary families of residuated connectives and their combination with binary families, and situate existing proposals for ‘structural modalities’ within a more general framework.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Abrusci, M., Casadio, C. and Moortgat, M., eds., 1994, Linear Logic and Lambek Calculus. Proceedings 1 st Rome Workshop, June 1993. OTS/DYANA, Utrecht, Amsterdam.
Andreoli, J.-M., 1992, “Logic programming with focusing proofs in linear logic,” Journal of Logic and Computation 2(3).
Barry, G. and Morrill, G., eds., 1990 Studies in Categorial Grammar. CCS, Edinburgh.
Benthem, J. van, 1983 “The semantics of variety in categorial grammar”, Report 83–29, Math Dept. Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.
Benthem, J. van, 1991, Language in Action. Categories, Lambdas, and Dynamic Logic. Studies in Logic, Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Benthem, J. van, 1984, “Correspondence theory,” pp. 167–247 in Handbook of Philosophical Logic. Vol II, Gabbay and Guenthner, eds., Dordrecht.
Belnap, N.D., 1982, “Display Logic,” Journal of Philosophical Logic 11, 375–417.
Blyth, T.S. and Janowitz, M.F., 1972, Residuation Theory, New York.
Bucalo, A., 1994, “Modalities in Linear Logic weaker than the exponential “of course”: algebraic and relational semantics,” Journal of Logic, Language and Information 3(3), 211–232.
Buszkowski, W., 1988, “Generative power of categorial grammars,” in Categorial Grammars and Natural Language Structures, Oehrle, Bach and Wheeler, eds., Dordrecht.
Došen, K., 1992, “A brief survey of frames for the Lambek calculus,” Zeitschr. f. math. Logik und Grundlagen d. mathematik 38, 179–187.
Došen, K., 1988, 1989, “Sequent systems and groupoid models,” Studia Logica 47, 353–385, 48, 41–65.
Dunn, J.M., 1991, “Gaggle theory: an abstraction of Galois connections and residuation, with applications to negation, implication, and various logical operators,” in Logics in AI, JELIA Proceedings, Van Eijck (ed.), Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
Dunn, M., 1993, “Partial Gaggles Applied to Logics with Restricted Structural Rules,” in Substructural Logics, Došen and Schröder-Heister, eds., Oxford.
Fuchs, L., 1963, Partially-Ordered Algebraic Systems, New York.
Gabbay, D., 1991, Labelled Deductive Systems. Draft. Oxford University Press (to appear).
Gabbay, D., 1993, “A general theory of structured consequence relations,” in Substructural Logics, Došen and Schröder-Heister, eds., Oxford.
girard, J.-Y., 1993, “On the unity of logic,” Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 59, 201–217.
Girard, J.-Y., 1994, “Light linear logic: extended abstract,” Ms LMD, Marseille.
Hendriks, P., 1995a, “Comparatives in Categorial Grammar,” Ph.D. Thesis, Groningen.
Hendriks, P., 1995b, “Ellipsis and multimodal categorial type logic,” in Proceedings Formal Grammar Conference, Morrill, ed., Barcelona.
Hepple, M., 1990, “The grammar and processing of order and dependency: a categorial approach,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Edinburgh.
Hepple, M., 1994, “Labelled deduction and discontinuous constituency,” in Linear Logic and Lambek Calculus, Proceedings 1st Rome Workshop, June 1993, Abrusci, Casadio and Moortgat, eds., OTS/DYANA, Utrecht, Amsterdam.
Hodas, J.S. and Miller, D., 1994, “Logic Programming in a fragment of intuitionistic linear logic,” Information and Computation 110(2), 327–365.
Kandulski, W., 1988, “The non-associative Lambek calculus,” in Categorial Grammar, Buszkowski, Marciszewski and van Benthem, eds., Amsterdam.
König, E., 1991, “Parsing as natural deduction,” Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the ACL, Vancouver.
Kraak, E., 1995a, “French clitics. A categorial perspective,” MA Thesis, Utrecht.
Kraak, E., 1995b, “Controlling resource management: French clitics,” Esprit BRA Dyana-2 Deliverable R1.3.C, in Leiss, ed.
Kracht, M., 1993, “Power and weakness of modal display calculus,” Ms Mathematisches Institut, Freie Universität Berlin.
Kurtonina, N., 1995, “Frames and labels. A modal analysis of categorial inference,” Ph.D. Dissertation, OTS Utrecht, ILLC Amsterdam.
Kurtonina, N. and Moortgat, M., 1995, “Structural control,” Logic, Structures and Syntax, in Blackburn and de Rijke, eds., Dordrecht: Kluwer (to appear).
Lambek, J., 1958, “The mathematics of sentence structure”, American Mathematical Monthly 65, 154–170.
Lambek, J., 1988, “Categorial and categorical grammar,” Categorial Grammars and Natural Language Structures, in Oehrle, Bach and Wheeler, eds., Dordrecht.
Lincoln, P., Mitchell, J., Scedrov, P. and Shankar, N., 1992, “Decision problems for propositional linear logic,” Annals of Pure and Applied Logic, 56, 239–311.
Moortgat, M. and Morrill, G., 1991, “Heads and phrases. Type calculus for dependency and constituent structure,” Ms OTS Utrecht.
Moortgat, M. and Oehrle, R., 1993, Logical Parameters and Linguistic Variation. Lecture Notes on Categorial Grammar. 5th European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information. Lisbon.
Moortgat, M. and Oehrle, R.T., 1994, “Adjacency, dependency and order,” pp. 447–466 in Proceedings 9th Amsterdam Colloquium.
Morrill, G., 1990, “Intensionality and boundedness,” L&P 13, 699–726.
Morrill, G., 1992, “Categorial formalisation of relativisation: pied-piping, islands and extraction sites,” Report LSI-92-23-R, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya.
Morrill, G., 1994, “Structural facilitation and structural inhibition,” in Linear Logic and Lambek Calculus, Proceedings 1 st Rome Workshop, June 1993, Abrusci, Casadio and Moortgat, eds., OTS/DYANA, Utrecht, Amsterdam.
Morrill, G., 1994, Type Logical Grammar, Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Routley, R. and Meyer, R.K., 1972–73, “The semantics of entailment I,” pp. 199–243 in Truth, Syntax, Modality, H. Leblanc, ed., Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Steedman, M., 1993, “Categorial grammar. Tutorial overview,” Lingua 90, 221–258.
Szabolcsi, A., 1987, “Bound variables in syntax: are there any?” pp. 294–318 in Semantics and Contextual Expressions, Bartsch, van Benthem and van, Emde Boas, eds., Dordrecht: Foris.
Venema, Y., 1993, “Meeting strength in substructural logics,” UU Logic Preprint. To appear in Studia Logica.
Versmissen, K., 1995, “Word order domains in categorial grammar,” in Proceedings Formal Grammar Conference, Morrill, ed., Barcelona.
Wallen, L.A., 1990, Automated Deduction in Nonclassical Logics, Cambridge, London: MIT Press.
Wansing, H., 1992, “Sequent calculi for normal modal propositional logics,” ILLC Report LP-92-12, Amsterdam.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Moortgat, M. Multimodal linguistic inference. J Logic Lang Inf 5, 349–385 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00159344
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00159344