Abstract
The main bottleneck affecting the efficiency of all known fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) schemes is Gentry’s bootstrapping procedure, which is required to refresh noisy ciphertexts and keep computing on encrypted data. Bootstrapping in the latest implementation of FHE, the HElib library of Halevi and Shoup (Crypto 2014), requires about six minutes. We present a new method to homomorphically compute simple bit operations, and refresh (bootstrap) the resulting output, which runs on a personal computer in just about half a second. We present a detailed technical analysis of the scheme (based on the worst-case hardness of standard lattice problems) and report on the performance of our prototype implementation.
This research was supported in part by the DARPA PROCEED program and NSF grant CNS-1117936. Opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of DARPA or NSF.
L. Ducas—This research was done while the author was employed by University of California, San Diego.
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Ducas, L., Micciancio, D. (2015). FHEW: Bootstrapping Homomorphic Encryption in Less Than a Second. In: Oswald, E., Fischlin, M. (eds) Advances in Cryptology -- EUROCRYPT 2015. EUROCRYPT 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9056. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46800-5_24
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