Abstract
After a discussion of the formation and structure of foams, a chapter on their properties would be expected, but the decay of liquid foams is so much more striking than the classical traits (such as density, compressibility, and so forth) that the lifetime or persistence is dealt with separately and first. As usual, a review of the measuring methods precedes that of the results obtained; unfortunately, the first is unusually long as compared with the latter. This is so because many students of foam use arbitrary methods and arbitrary instruments to obtain data on foam persistence which cannot be securely compared with other data obtained by an equally arbitrary method. An ideal measurement of foaminess would result in a number independent of the apparatus and the procedure employed and being as characteristic for the solution tested (at the given temperature, etc.) as, say, viscosity or surface tension. Often it is not even recognized that such an ideal exists and ought to be aspired to. Each of the established properties has its immutable dimension (e.g., “mass/ square of time” for surface tension), but the dimension of foaminess is still disputed or, worse yet, entirely disregarded.
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Bikerman, J.J. (1973). Measurement of Foaminess. In: Foams. Foams, vol 10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86734-7_3
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