Zusammenfassung
Visuelle Wahrnehmungsprozesse kennzeichnen den bedeutendsten Sinn des Menschen, den Sehsinn bzw. Gesichtssinn. In der wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzung mit diesem Thema wird untersucht, wie die Informationen unserer physikalischen Umwelt (distaler Reiz) von den Sinnesrezeptoren des Auges (proximaler Reiz) aufgenommen und kognitiv verarbeitet werden, um so den Wahrnehmungseindruck hervorzurufen, der unser Erleben und Verhalten maßgeblich beeinflusst. Das vorliegende Kapitel beschreibt die Prozesse der elementaren Encodierungsprozesse bis hin zu den Prozessen der Objektidentifizierung und schließt mit einer kurzen Skizzierung der wichtigsten Wahrnehmungstheorien.
Schlüsselwörter: Visuelle Wahrnehmung; Farbwahrnehmung; Raum- und Tiefenwahrnehmung; Bewegungswahrnehmung; Objektwahrnehmung; Psychophysik; Gestaltwahrnehmung; Ökologische Wahrnehmung
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Literatur
Algom, D., & Cohen-Raz, L. (1987). Sensory and cognitive factors in the processing of visual velocity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 13, 3–13. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.13.1.3.
Badcock, D. R., & Westheimer, G. (1985). Spatial location and hyperacuity: The centre/surround localization contribution function has two substrates. Vision Research, 25, 1259–1267. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(85)90041-0.
Baldo, M. V. C., Ranvaud, R. D., & Morya, E. (2002). Flag errors in soccer games: the flash-lag effect brought to real life. Perception, 31, 1205–1210. doi:10.1068/p3422.
Barlow, H. B., & Hill, R. M. (1963). Evidence for a physiological explanation of the waterfall phenomenon and figural after-effects. Nature, 200(200), 1345–1347. doi:10.1038/2001345a0.
Bear, M. F., Conners, B. W., & Paradiso, M. A. (2009). Neurowissenschaften. Ein grundlegendes Lehrbuch für Biologie, Medizin und Psychologie. Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischr Verlag, Springer.
Beck, J. (1966). Effect of orientation and shape similarity in perceptual grouping. Perception and Psychophysics, 1, 300–302. doi:10.3758/BF03215792.
Berry, M. J., Brivanlou, I. H., Jordan, T. A., & Meister, M. (1999). Anticipation of moving stimuli by the retina. Nature, 398(6725), 334–338. doi:10.1038/18678.
Biederman, I. (1987). Recognition-by-components: A theory of human image understanding. Psychological Review, 94, 115–147. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.94.2.115.
Biederman, I. (1995). Visual object recognition. In S. M. Kosslyn, & D. N. Osherson (Hrsg.), Visual cognition: An invitation to cognitive science (S. 121–165). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Biederman, I. (2000). Recognizing depth-rotated objects: A review of recent research and theory. Spatial Vision, 13, 241–253. doi:10.1163/156856800741063.
Bocianski, D., Müsseler, J., & Erlhagen, W. (2008). Relative mislocalization of successively presented stimuli. Vision Research, 48, 2204–2212. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2008.06.016.
Bocianski, D., Müsseler, J., & Erlhagen, W. (2010). Effects of attention on a relative mislocalization with successively presented stimuli. Vision Research, 50, 1793–1802. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2010.05.036.
Borst, A., Haag, J., & Reiff, D. F. (2010). Fly motion vision. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 33, 49–70. doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-060909-153155.
Brown, J. F. (1931). The visual perception of velocity. Psychologische Forschung, 14, 199–232. doi:10.1007/BF00403873.
Bruce, V., Green, P. R., & Georgeson, M. A. (1996). Visual perception. Physiology, psychology, and ecology. East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press.
Bruner, J. S. (1957). On perceptual readiness. Psychological Review, 64, 123–152. doi:10.1037/h0043805.
Buchner, A., Brandt, M., Bell, R., & Weise, J. (2006). Car backlight position and fog density bias observer-car distance estimates and time-to-collision judgments. Human Factors, 48, 300–317.
Cowey, A., & Rolls, E. T. (1974). Human cortical magnification factor and its relation to visual acuity. Experimental Brain Research, 21, 447–454. doi:10.1007/BF00237163.
Dartnall, H. J. A., Bowmaker, J. K., & Mollon, J. D. (1983). Human visual pigments: Microspetrophometric results from the eyes of seven persons. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 220B, 115–130. doi:10.1098/rspb.1983.0091.
DeAngelis, G. C. (2000). Seeing in three dimensions: the neurophysiology of stereopsis. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 80–90. doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(99)01443-6.
DeValois, R. L., & Jacobs, G. H. (1968). Primate color vision. Science, 162, 533–540. doi:10.1126/science.162.3853.533.
DeYoe, E. A., & Van Essen, D. C. (1988). Concurrent processing streams in monkey visual cortex. Trends in Neuorscience, 11, 219–226. doi:10.1016/0166-2236(88)90130-0.
Ditzinger, T. (2006). Illusionen des Sehens. Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.
Dowling, J. E., & Boycott, B. B. (1966). Organization of the primate retina: electron microscopy. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 166B, 80–111. doi:10.1098/rspb.1966.0086.
Drasdo, N. (1977). The neural representation of visual space. Nature, 266, 552–556. doi:10.1038/266554a0.
Driver, J., & Baylis, G. C. (1995). One-sided edge assignment in vision. II. Part decomposition, shape description, and attention to objects. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 4, 201–206. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10772645.
Driver, J., & Baylis, G. C. (1996). Edge-assignment and figure-ground segmentation in short-term visual matching. Cognitive Psychology, 31, 248–306. doi:10.1006/cogp.1996.0018.
Epstein, W., & Rogers, S. J. (Hrsg.). (1995). Perception of space and motion. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, Inc..
Erlhagen, W. (2003). Internal models for visual perception. Biological Cybernetics, 88, 409–417. doi:10.1007/s00422-002-0387-1.
Erlhagen, W., & Jancke, D. (2004). The role of action plans and other cognitive factors in motion extrapolation: A modelling study. Visual Cognition, 11, 315–340. doi:10.1080/13506280344000293.
Erlhagen, W., Bastian, A., Jancke, D., Riehle, A., & Schöner, G. (1999). The distribution of neuronal population activation (DPA) as a tool to study interaction and integration in cortical representations. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 94, 53–66. doi:10.1016/S0165-0270(99)00125-9.
Fechner, G. T. (1860). Elemente der Psychophysik. Leipzig: Breitkopf und Härtel.
Felleman, D. J., & Van Essen, D. C. (1991). Distributed hierachical processing in the primate visual cortex. Cerebral Cortex, 1, 1–47. doi:10.1093/cercor/1.1.1-a.
Finney, D. J. (1971). Probit analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Flannagan, M. J., Sivak, M., Schumann, J., Traube, E. C., & Kojima, S. (1997). Distance perception in driverside and passenger-side convex rearview mirrors: Objects in mirrors are more complicated than they appear. Bd. UMTRI-97–32. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Transportation, Research Institute.
Freyd, J. J., & Finke, R. A. (1984). Representational momentum. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 10, 126–132. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.10.1.126.
Fröhlich, F. W. (1923). Über die Messung der Empfindungszeit. Zeitschrift für Sinnesphysiologie, 54, 58–78. doi:10.1007/bf01723521.
Gegenfurtner, K. R. (2012). Farbwahrnehmung und ihre Störungen. In H. O. Karnath, & P. Thier (Hrsg.), Kognitive Neurowissenschaften (S. 45–52). Berlin: Springer Verlag.
Gegenfurtner, K. R., & Sharpe, L. T. (2000). Color vision: from genes to perception. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Gibson, J. J. (1950). The perception of the visual world. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Gibson, J. J. (1966). The senses considered as perceptual systems. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Gibson, J. J. (1979). The ecological approach to visual perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Goebel, R., Roebroeck, A., Kim, D.-S., & Formisano, E. (2003). Investigating directed cortical interactions in time-resolved fMRI data using vector autoregressive modeling and Granger causality mapping. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 21, 1251–1261. doi:10.1016/j.mri.2003.08.026.
Goldstein, E. B. (2015). Wahrnehmungspsychologie. Eine Einführung. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. Deutsche Ausgabe herausgegeben von K. R. Gegenfurtner
Gordon, I. E. (2004). Theories of visual perception. New York: Psychology Press.
Green, M., & Odom, J. V. (1986). Correspondence matching in apparent motion – Evidence for 3-dimensional spatial representation. Science, 233(4771), 1427–1429. doi:10.1126/science.3749887.
Grunewald, A., & Lankheet, M. J. M. (1996). Orthogonal motion after-effect illusion predicted by a model of cortical motion processing. Nature, 384(6607), 358–360. doi:10.1038/384358a0.
Grunewald, A., & Mingolla, E. (1998). Motion after-effect due to binocular sum of adaptation to linear motion. Vision Research, 38, 2963–2971. doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(98)00102-3.
Hahnel, U. J. J., & Hecht, H. (2012). The impact of rear-view mirror distance and curvature on judgements relevant to road safety. Ergonomics, 55, 23–36. doi:10.1080/00140139.2011.638402.
Hartline, H. K., Wagner, H. G., & Ratliff, F. (1956). Inhibition in the eye of Limulus. Journal of General Physiology, 39, 651–673. doi:10.1085/jgp.39.5.651.
Hazelhoff, F. F., & Wiersma, H. (1924). Die Wahrnehmungszeit. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 96, 171–188.
Hecht, H., & Brauer, J. (2007). Convex rear view mirrors compromise distance and time-to-contact judgements. Ergonomics, 50, 601–614.
Helmholtz, H. v. (1866/1910). Handbuch der physiologischen Optik. 3. Aufl. ergänzt und hrsg. von W. Nagel, A. Gullstrand und J. von Kries. Hamburg: Voss.
Hess, C., & Pretori, H. (1894). Messende Untersuchungen über die Gesetzmässigkeit des simultanen Helligkeits-Contrastes. Archiv für Ophthalmologie, 40, 1–24. doi:10.1007%2FBF01693963
Hubbard, T. L. (2005). Representational momentum and related displace-ments in spatial memory: A review of the findings. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 12, 822–851. doi:10.3758/BF03196775.
Hubbard, T. L. (2014a). Forms of momentum across space: Representational, operational, and attentional. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21, 1371–1403. doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0624-3.
Hubbard, T. L. (2014b). The flash-lag effect and related mislocalizations: Findings, properties, and theories. Psychological Bulletin, 140, 308–338. doi:10.1037/a0032899.
Hubel, D. H., & Wiesel, T. N. (1959). Receptive fields of single neurons in the cat’s striate cortex. Journal of Physiology, 148, 574–591. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1959.sp006308.
Hubel, D. H., & Wiesel, T. N. (1968). Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey straite cortex. Journal of Physiology, 195, 215–243. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1968.sp008455.
Hurvich, L. M., & Jameson, D. (2001). An opponent-process theory of color vision. In S. Yantis (Hrsg.), Visual perception (S. 129–146). Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
Jancke, D., & Erlhagen, W. (2010). Bridging the gap: A model of common neural mechanisms underlying the Fröhlich effect, the flash-lag effect, and the representational momentum effect. In R. Nijhawan, & B. Khurana (Hrsg.), Space and time in perception and action. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Jäncke, L. (2005). Bildgebende Verfahren in der Psychologie und den kognitiven Neurowissenschaften. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer Verlag.
Jordan, J. S., Stork, S., Knuf, L., Kerzel, D., & Müsseler, J. (2002). Action planning affects spatial localization. In W. Prinz, & B. Hommel (Hrsg.), Attention and Performance XIX: Common mechanisms in perception and action (S. 158–176). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Julesz, B. (1971). Foundation of cyclopean perception. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Julesz, B. (1981). Textons, the elements of texture perception and their interaction. Nature, 290, 91–97. doi:10.1038/290091a0.
Kahneman, D., Norman, J., & Kubovy, M. (1967). Critical duration for resolution of form – centrally or peripherally determined. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 73, 323–327. doi:10.1037/h0024257.
Kandel, E. R. (1996). Die Konstruktion des visuellen Bildes. In E. R. Kandel, & J. H. S. T. M. Jessel (Hrsg.), Neurowissenschaften: Eine Einführung (S. 393–411). Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.
Kanisza, G. (1979). Organization in vision: Essays on Gestalt perception. New York: Praeger.
Kehrer, L. (1997). The central performance drop in texture segmentation: a simulation based on a spatial filter model. Biological Cybernetics, 77, 297–305. doi:10.1007/s004220050391.
Kerzel, D. (2000). Eye movements and visible persistence explain the mislocalization of the final position of a moving target. Vision Research, 40, 3703–3715. doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(00)00226-1.
Kerzel, D. (2010). The Fröhlich effect: Historical notes and relation to the flash-lag, current theories and reconciliation with the onset repulsion effect. In R. Nijhawan, & B. Khurana (Hrsg.), Space and Time in Perception and Action (S. 321–337). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Kerzel, D., & Müsseler, J. (2002). Effects of stimulus material on the Fröhlich illusion. Vision Research, 42, 181–189. doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(01)00271-1.
Kerzel, D., Jordan, J. S., & Müsseler, J. (2001). The role of perceptual anticipation in the mislocalization of the final position of a moving target. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27, 829–840. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.27.4.829.
Kimchi, R., & Navon, D. (2000). Relative judgment seems to be the key: Revisiting the Beck effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 26, 789–805. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.26.2.789.
Kirschfeld, K., & Kammer, T. (1999). The Fröhlich effect: A consequence of the interaction of visual focal attention and metacontrast. Vision Research, 39, 3702–3709. doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(99)00089-9.
Koenderink, J. J. (1990). The brain a geometry engine. Special Issue: Domains of mental functioning: Attempts at a synthesis. Psychological Research, 52, 122–127. doi:10.1007/BF00877519.
Koffka, K. (1935). Principles of Gestalt psychology. New York: Hartcourt Brace.
Kohler, I. (1962). Experiments with goggles. Scientific American, 206, 63–72. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0562-62.
Köhler, W. (1958). Dynamische Zusammenhänge in der Psychologie. Bern: Huber.
Kolers, P. A. (1974). The illusion of movement. In R. Held, & W. Richards (Hrsg.), Perception: Mechanism and models (S. 316–323). San Francisco, CA: Freeman.
Krekelberg, B., & Lappe, M. (2000). A model of the perceived relative positions of moving objects based upon a slow averaging process. Vision Research, 40, 201–215. doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(99)00168-6.
Krueger, L. E. (1975). Familiarity effects in visual information processing. Psychological Bulletin, 82, 949–974. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.82.6.949.
LeVay, S., & Voigt, T. (1988). Ocular dominance and disparity coding in cat visual cortex. Visual Neuroscience, 1, 395–414. doi:10.1017/S0952523800004168.
Lieberman, H. R. (1983). Computation of psychological thresholds using the probit technique. Behavior Research Methods and Instrumentation, 15, 446–448. doi:10.3758/BF03203681.
Lieberman, H. R., & Pentland, A. P. (1982). Microcomputer-based estimation of psychophysical thresholds: The best PEST. Behavior Research Methods and Instrumentation, 14, 21–25. doi:10.3758/BF03202110.
Macmillan, N. A., & Creelman, C. D. (2005). Detection theory: A user’s guide (2. Aufl.). Mahwah, New Jersey London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Maertens, M., & Pollmann, S. (2005). fMRI reveals a common neural substrate of illusory and real contours in V1 after perceptual learning. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 17, 1553–1564. doi:10.1162/089892905774597209.
Maisak, M. S., et al. (2013). A directional tuning map of Drosophila elementary motion detectors. Nature, 500, 212–216. doi:10.1038/nature12320.
Marr, D. (1982). Vision: A computational investigation into the human representation and processing of visual information. New York: Freeman and Company.
Marr, D., & Poggio, T. (1979). A computational theory of human stereo vision. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B 204, 301–328. doi:10.1098/rspb.1979.0029.
Mashour, M. (1964). Psychophysical relations in the perception of velocity. Stockholm: Almquist and Wiksell.
Meinecke, C., & Kehrer, L. (1994). Peripheral and foveal segmentation of angle textures. Perception and Psychophysics, 56, 326–334. doi:10.3758/BF03209766.
Merigan, W. H., & Maunsell, J. H. (1993). How parallel are the primate visual pathways? Annual Review of Neuroscience, 16, 369–403. doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.16.030193.002101.
Metzger, W. (1932). Versuch einer gemeinsamen Theorie der Phänomene Fröhlichs und Hazeloffs und Kritik ihrer Verfahren zur Messung der Empfindungszeit. Psychologische Forschung, 16, 176–200. doi:10.1007/BF00409732.
Metzger, W. (1966). Figurale Wahrnehmung. In W. Metzger (Hrsg.), Handbuch der Psychologie (Bd. 1, S. 693–744). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Milner, A. D., & Goodale, M. A. (1995). The visual brain in action. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mishkin, M., Ungerleider, L. G., & Macko, K. A. (1983). Object vision and spatial vision: two cortical pathways. Trends in Neuroscience, 6, 414–417. doi:10.1016/0166-2236(83)90190-X.
Müller, H. J., & Rabbitt, P. M. (1989). Spatial cueing and the relation between the accuracy of „where“ and „what“ decisions in visual search. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 41A, 747–773. doi:10.1080/14640748908402392.
Müsseler, J. (1999a). How independent from action control is perception? An event-coding account for more equally-ranked crosstalks. In G. Aschersleben, & T. B. J. Müsseler (Hrsg.), Cognitive contributions to the perception of spatial and temporal events (S. 121–147). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Müsseler, J. (1999b). Perceiving and measuring of spatiotemporal events. In S. Jordan (Hrsg.), Modeling consciousness across the disciplines (S. 95–112). Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, Inc.
Müsseler, J., & Aschersleben, G. (1998). Localizing the first position of a moving stimulus: The Fröhlich effect and an attention-shifting explanation. Perception and Psychophysics, 60, 683–695. doi:10.3758/BF03206055.
Müsseler, J., & Kerzel, D. (2016). Mislocalizing the onset position of moving stimuli. In T. L. Hubbard (Hrsg.), Spatial Biases in Perception and Cognition. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Müsseler, J., & Tiggelbeck, J. (2013). The perceived onset position of a moving target: Effects of trial contexts are evoked by different attentional allocations. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 75, 349–357. doi:10.3758/s13414-012-0397-6.
Müsseler, J., & Van der Heijden, A. H. C. (2004). Two spatial maps contributing to perceived space. Evidence from a relative mislocalization. Visual Cognition, 11, 235–254. doi:10.1080/13506280344000338.
Müsseler, J., Van der Heijden, A. H. C., Mahmud, S. H., Deubel, H., & Ertsey, S. (1999). Relative mislocalizations of briefly presented stimuli in the retinal periphery. Perception and Psychophysics, 61, 1646–1661. doi:10.3758/BF03213124.
Müsseler, J., Steininger, S., & Wühr, P. (2001). Can actions affect perceptual processing? The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54A, 137–154. doi:10.1080/02724980042000057.
Müsseler, J., Stork, S., & Kerzel, D. (2002). Comparing mislocalizations in movement direction: The Fröhlich effect, the flash-lag effect and representational momentum. Visual Cognition, 9, 120–138. doi:10.1080/13506280143000359.
Nakayama, K. (1994). James J. Gibson: An appreciation. Psychological Review, 101, 329–335. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.101.2.329.
Neisser, U. (1967). Cognitive Psychology. New York: Meredith Corporation.
Nijhawan, R. (1994). Motion extrapolation in catching. Nature, 370, 256–257. doi:10.1038/370256b0.
Nothdurft, H. C. (1990). Texture discrimination by cells in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus. Experimental Brain Research, 82, 48–66. doi:10.1007/BF00230837.
Oudejans, R. R. D., Verheijen, R., Bakker, F. C., Gerrits, J. C., Steinbrückner, M., & Beek, P. J. (2000). Errors in judging ‘offside’ in football. Nature,, 404, 33.
Palmer, S. E. (1992). Common region: A new principle of perceptual grouping. Cognitive Psychology, 24, 436–447. doi:10.1016/0010-0285(92)90014-S.
Palmer, S. E. (1999). Vision science. Photons to phenomenology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Palmer, S., & Rock, I. (1994). Rethinking perceptual organization: The role of uniform connectedness. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 1, 29–55. doi:10.3758/BF03200760.
Pentland, A. P. (1980). The Best PEST, a maximum-likelihood parameter estimation procedure. Perception and Psychophysics, 28, 377–379.
Pizlo, Z. (1994). A theory of shape constancy based on perspective invariants. Vision Research, 34, 1637–1658. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)90123-6.
Plessner, H., & Schallies, E. (2005). Judging the cross on rings: A matter of achieving shape sonstancy. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19, 1145–1156. doi:10.1002/acp.1136.
Pylyshyn, Z. (1999). Is vision continuous with cognition? The case for cognitive impenetrability of visual perception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, 341–365. doi:10.1017/S0140525X99002022.
Quinlan, P. T., & Wilton, R. N. (1998). Grouping by proximity or similarity? Competition between the Gestalt principles in vision. Perception, 27, 417–430. doi:10.1068/p270417.
Rock, I., Nijhawan, R., Palmer, S., & Tudor, L. (1992). Grouping based on phenomenal similarity of achromatic color. Perception, 21, 779–789. doi:10.1068/p210779.
Rodgers, N. (1999). Unglaubliche optische Illusionen. Augsburg: Weltbild.
Roelfsma, P. R., & Singer, W. (1998). Detecting connectedness. Cerebral Cortex, 85, 385–396. doi:10.1093/cercor/8.5.385.
Rossetti, Y., & Pisella, L. (2002). Several ‘vision for action’ systems: A guide to dissociating and integrating dorsal and ventral functions. In W. Prinz, & B. Hommel (Hrsg.), Attention and Performance XIX: Common mechanisms in perception and action (S. 62–119). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Rubin, E. (1921/2001). Figure and ground. In S. Yantis (Ed.), Visual perception (pp. 225–229; Auszug aus Rubin, E. (1921). Visuell wahrgenommene Figuren. Kopenhagen: Gyldendalske Boghandel). Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
Sagi, D. (1995). The psychophysics of texture segmentation. In T. V. Papathomas, & C. Chubb (Hrsg.), Early vision and beyond (S. 69–78). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Schiller, P. H., Logothetis, N. K., & Charles, E. R. (1990). Functions of the colour-opponent and broad-band channels of the visual system. Nature, 343, 68–70. doi:10.1038/343068a0.
Schrauf, M., Lingelbach, B., & Wist, E. R. (1997). The scintillating grid illusion. Vision Research, 37, 1033–1038. doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(96)00255-6.
Seckel, A. (2014). Optische Illusionen: Sie werden Ihren Augen nicht trauen! Fränkisch-Crumbach: Edition XXL Verlag.
Selfridge, O. G. (1959). Pandemonium: A Paradigm for learning. Proceedings of Mechanisation of Thought Processes, Bd. 1, S. 513–530). London: Her Majesty’s Stationary Office.
Shaw, R. E., Flascher, O. M., & Mace, W. M. (1995). Dimensions of event perception. In W. Prinz, & B. Bridgeman (Hrsg.), Perception Handbook of perception and action, (Bd. 1, S. 345–395). London, UK: Academic Press.
Shen, J., & Reingold, E. M. (2001). Visual search asymmetry: The influence of stimulus familiarity and low-level features. Perception and Psychophysics, 63, 464–475. doi:10.3758/BF03194413.
Singer, W. (1994). The organization of sensory motor representations in the Neocortex: A hypothesis based on temporal binding. In C. Umiltà, & M. Moscovitch (Hrsg.), Attention and Performance XV: Conscious and nonconscious information processing (S. 77–107). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Singer, W., Engel, A. K., Kreiter, A. K., Munk, M. H. J., Neuenschwander, S., & Roelfsema, P. R. (1997). Neuronal assemblies: necessity, signature and detectability. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 1, 252–261. doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(97)01079-6.
Skavenski, A. A. (1990). Eye movement and visual localization of objects in space. In E. Kowler (Hrsg.), Eye movements and their role in visual and cognitive processes (S. 263–287). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Spillmann, L. (1994). The Hermann grid illusion: A tool for studying human perceptive field organization. Perception, 23, 691–708. doi:10.1068/p230691.
Stevens, S. S. (1957). On the psychophysical law. Psychological Review, 64, 153–181. doi:10.1037/h0046162.
Stevens, S. S. (1975). Psychophysics. New York: Wiley and Sons.
Swets, J. A., Tanner, W. P., & Birdsall, T. G. (1961). Decision processes in perception. Psychological Review, 68, 301–340. doi:10.1037/h0040547.
Tanaka, K. (1996). Inferotemporal cortex and object vision. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 19, 109–139. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.19.1.109.
Tessier-Lavigne, M., & Gouras, P. (1996). Farbe. In E. R. Kandel, & J. H. S. T. H. Jessell (Hrsg.), Neurowissenschaften. Eine Einführung (S. 459–475). Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.
Treisman, A. M., & Gelade, G. (1980). A feature-integration theory of attention. Cognitive Psychology, 12, 97–136. doi:10.1016/0010-0285(80)90005-5.
Tsal, Y., & Lavie, N. (1988). Attending to color and shape: the special role of location in selective visual processing. Perception and Psychophysics, 44, 15–21. doi:10.3758/BF03207469.
Tyler, C. W. (1990). A stereoscopic view of visual processing streams. Vision Research, 30, 1877–1895. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(90)90165-H.
Ungerleider, L. G., & Mishkin, M. (1982). Two cortical visual systems. In D. J. Ingle, & M. A. G. R. J. Mansfield (Hrsg.), Analysis of visual behavior (S. 549–580). Cambridge: MIT Press.
Van der Heijden, A. H. C. (1992). Selective attention in vision. London: Routledge.
Van der Heijden, A. H. C. (2004). Attention in Vision – Perception, Communication, and Action. London: Routledge.
Van der Heijden, A. H. C., Wolters, G., & Brouwer, R. F. T. (1995). Response dependency and processing dependency of line orientation and position in a single-item task. Psychological Research, 58, 19–30. doi:10.1007/BF00447086.
Van der Heijden, A. H. C., Kurvink, A. G., De Lange, L., De Leeuw, F., & Van der Geest, J. N. (1996). Attending to color with proper fixation. Perception and Psychophysics, 58, 1224–1237. doi:10.3758/BF03207555.
Van der Heijden, A. H. C., Müsseler, J., & Bridgeman, B. (1999). On the perception of position. In G. Aschersleben, T. Bachmann, & J. Müsseler (Hrsg.), Cognitive contributions to the perception of spatial and temporal events (S. 19–37). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Van Essen, D. C., & DeYoe, E. A. (1995). Concurrent processing. In I. M. S. Gazzaniga (Hrsg.), The cognitive neuroscience (S. 383–400). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Verri, A., Straforini, M., & Torre, V. (1992). Computational aspects of motion perception in natural and artificial visionsystems. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences, 337(1282), 429–443. doi:10.1098/rstb.1992.0119.
Wallach, H. (1948). Brightness constancy and the nature of achromatic colors. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 310–324. doi:10.1037/h0053804.
Wallach, H. (1959). The perception of motion. Scientific American, 201, 107–116. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0759-56.
Walsh, V., & Kulikowski, J. (Hrsg.). (1998). Perceptual constancy: Why things look as they do. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Wertheimer, M. (1912). Experimentelle Studien über das Sehen von Bewegung. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 61, 262–265.
Wertheimer, M. (1923). Untersuchungen zur Lehre der Gestalt, II. Psychologische Forschung, 5, 301–350. doi:10.1007/BF00410640.
Westheimer, G. (1981). Visual hyperacuity. Progress in Sensory Physiology (S. 1–30). Berlin: Springer.
Whitney, D., Murakami, I., & Cavanagh, P. (2000). Illusory spatial offset of a flash relative to a moving stimulus is caused by differential latencies for moving and flashed stimuli. Vision Research, 40, 137–149. doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(99)00166-2.
Wirtz, M. (2001). Der Einfluss der Kantenkontrastverarbeitung auf die wahrgenommene Helligkeit angrenzender Flächen. München: Herbter Utz Verlag.
Wolff, P. (1999). Space perception and the intention of action. In G. Aschersleben, & T. B. J. Müsseler (Hrsg.), Cognitive contributions to the perception of spatial and temporal events (S. 43–63). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Yantis, S. (Hrsg.). (2001). Visual perception. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
Zihl, J., Cramon, D. von, & Mai, N. (1983). Selective disturbance of movement vision after bilateral damage. Brain, 106, 313–340. doi:10.1093/brain/106.2.313.
Zeki, S., Watson, J. D. G., Lueck, C. J., Firston, K. J., Kennard, C., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1991). A direct demonstration of functional specialization in human visual cortex. Journal of Neuroscience, 11, 641–649.
Zihl, J., Cramon, D. von, Mai, N., & Schmid, C. (1991). Disturbance of movement vision after bilateral posterior brain damage. Brain, 114, 2235–2252. doi:10.1093/brain/114.5.2235.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Müsseler, J. (2017). Visuelle Informationsverarbeitung. In: Müsseler, J., Rieger, M. (eds) Allgemeine Psychologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53898-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53898-8_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-53897-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-53898-8
eBook Packages: Psychology (German Language)