Abstract
Electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of driving performance were studied using an event-related lane-departure paradigm. High-density EEG data were analyzed using independent component analysis (ICA) and Fourier analysis. Across subjects and sessions, when reaction time to lane-departure events increased, several clusters of independent component activities in the occipital, posterior parietal, and middle temporal cortex showed tonic power increases in the delta, theta, and alpha bands. The strongest of these tonic power increases occurred in the alpha band in the occipital and parietal regions. Other independent component clusters in the somatomotor and frontal regions showed less or no significant increase in all frequency bands as RT increased. This study demonstrates additional evidence of the close and specific links between cortical brain activities (via changes in EEG spectral power) and performance (reaction time) during sustained-attention tasks. These results may also provide insights into the development of human-computer interfaces for countermeasures for drowsy driving.
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
National survey of distracted and drowsy driving attitudes and behavior, vol. 1, DOT HS 809 566 (2002), http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/drowsy_driving1/survey-distractive03/index.htm
Drowsy driving and automobile crashes, NCSDR/NHTSA Expert Panel on Driver Fatigue and Sleepiness, http://www.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/drowsy_driving1/Drowsy.html
Makeig, S., Inlow, M.: Lapses in alertness: coherence of fluctuations in performance and the EEG spectrum. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 86, 23–35 (1993)
Makeig, S., Jung, T.P.: Changes in alertness are a principal component of variance in the EEG spectrum. NeuroReport 7, 213–216 (1995)
Makeig, S., Jung, T.P.: Tonic, phasic and transient EEG correlates of auditory awareness in drowsiness. Cogn. Brain Res. 4, 15–25 (1996)
Jung, T.P., Makeig, S., Stensmo, M., Sejnowski, T.J.: Estimating alertness from the EEG power spectrum. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 44, 60–69 (1997)
Makeig, S., Jung, T.P., Sejnowski, T.J.: Awareness during drowsiness: dynamics and electrophysiological correlates. Canadian J. Exp. Psy. 54, 266–273 (2000)
Schier, M.A.: Changes in EEG alpha power during simulated driving: a demonstration. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 37, 155–162 (2000)
Huang, R.S., Tsai, L.L., Kuo, C.J.: Selection of valid and reliable EEG features for predicting auditory and visual alertness levels. Proc. Natl. Sci. Counc. Repub. China B Life Sci. 25, 17–25 (2001)
Lal, S.K., Craig, A.: Driver fatigue: electroencephalography and psychological assessment. Psychophysiol. 39, 313–321 (2002)
Lal, S.K., Craig, A.: Reproducibility of the spectral components of the electroencephalogram during driver fatigue. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 55, 137–143 (2005)
Huang, R.S., Jung, T.P., Duann, J.R., Makeig, S., Sereno, M.I.: Imaging brain dynamics during continuous driving using independent component analysis. In: 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Washington D.C. (2005)
Huang, R.S., Jung, T.P., Makeig, S.: Multi-scale EEG brain dynamics during sustained attention tasks. In: Proc. IEEE ICASSP 2007, vol. IV, pp. 1173–1176 (2007)
Huang, R.S., Jung, T.P., Makeig, S.: Event-related brain dynamics in continuous sustained-attention tasks. In: Schmorrow, D.D., Reeves, L.M. (eds.) HCII 2007 and FAC 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4565, pp. 65–74. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Huang, R.S., Jung, T.P., Delorme, A., Makeig, S.: Tonic and phasic electro-encephalographic dynamics during continuous compensatory tracking. NeuroImage 39, 1896–1909 (2008)
Delorme, A., Makeig, S.: EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis. J. Neurosci. Meth. 134, 9–21 (2004)
Bell, A.J., Sejnowski, T.J.: An information-maximization approach to blind separation and blind deconvolution. Neural Comput. 7, 1129–1159 (1995)
Lee, T.W., Girolami, M., Sejnowski, T.J.: Independent component analysis using an extended infomax algorithm for mixed subgaussian and supergaussian sources. Neural Comput. 11, 417–441 (1999)
Jung, T.P., Humphries, C., Lee, T.W., McKeown, M.J., Iragui, V., Makeig, S., Sejnowski, T.J.: Removing electroencephalographic artifacts by blind source separation. Psychophysiol. 37, 163–178 (2000)
Jung, T.P., Makeig, S., McKeown, M.J., Bell, A.J., Lee, T.W., Sejnowski, T.J.: Imaging brain dynamics using independent component analysis. Proc. IEEE 89, 1107–1122 (2001)
Makeig, S., Westerfield, M., Jung, T.P., Enghoff, S., Townsend, J., Courchesne, E., Sejnowski, T.J.: Dynamic brain sources of visual evoked responses. Science 295, 690–694 (2002)
Makeig, S., Delorme, A., Westerfield, M., Jung, T.P., Townsend, J., Courchesne, E., Sejnowski, T.J.: Electroencephalographic brain dynamics following manually responded visual targets. PLoS Biol. 2, 747–762 (2004)
Onton, J., Westerfield, M., Townsend, J., Makeig, S.: Imaging human EEG dynamics using independent component analysis. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 30, 808–822 (2006)
Lin, C.T., Wu, R.C., Jung, T.P., Liang, S.F., Huang, T.Y.: Estimating alertness level based on EEG spectrum analysis. EURASIP J. Appl. Signal Process. 19, 3165–3174 (2005)
Lin, C.T., Wu, R.C., Liang, S.F., Huang, T.Y., Chao, W.H., Chen, Y.J., Jung, T.P.: EEG-based drowsiness estimation for safety driving using independent component analysis. IEEE Trans. Circuit Sys. 52, 2726–2738 (2005)
Worden, M.S., Foxe, J.J., Wang, N., Simpson, G.V.: Anticipatory biasing of visuospatial attention indexed by retinotopically specific alpha-band electroencephalography increases over occipital cortex. J. Neurosci. 20, RC63 (2000)
Rimini-Doering, M., Altmueller, T., Ladstaetter, U., Rossmeier, M.: Effects of lane departure warning on drowsy drivers’ performance and state in a simulator. In: Proceedings of the Third International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design, pp. 88–95 (2005)
Kozak, K., Pohl, J., Birk, W., Greenberg, J., Artz, B., Bloomer, M., Cathey, L., Curry, R.: Evaluation of lane departure warnings for drowsy drivers. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 50th Annual Meeting, pp. 2400–2404 (2006)
Navarro, J., Mars, F., Hoc, J.M.: Lateral control assistance for car drivers: a comparison of motor priming and warning systems. Hum. Factors 49, 950–960 (2007)
Kullack, A., Ehrenpfordt, I., Lemmer, K., Eggert, F., Reflekt, A.S.: Lane departure prevention system based on behavioural control. IET Intell. Transp. Syst. 2, 285–293 (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Huang, RS., Jung, TP., Makeig, S. (2009). Tonic Changes in EEG Power Spectra during Simulated Driving. In: Schmorrow, D.D., Estabrooke, I.V., Grootjen, M. (eds) Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience. FAC 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 5638. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02812-0_47
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02812-0_47
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-02811-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-02812-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)