Abstract
This paper tackles two main disparities between conceptual data schemes and ontologies, which should be taken into account when (re)using conceptual data modeling techniques for building ontologies. Firstly, conceptual schemes are intended to be used during design phases and not at the run-time of applications, while ontologies are typically used and accessed at run-time. To handle this first difference, we define a conceptual markup language (ORM-ML) that allows to represent ORM conceptual diagrams in an open, textual syntax, so that ORM schemes can be shared, exchanged, and processed at the run-time of autonomous applications. Secondly, unlike ontologies that are supposed to hold application-independent domain knowledge, conceptual schemes were developed only for the use of an enterprise application(s), i.e. “in-house” usage. Hence, we present an ontology engineering-framework that enables reusing conceptual modeling approaches in modeling and representing ontologies. In this approach we prevent application-specific knowledge to enter or to be mixed with domain knowledge. To end, we present DogmaModeler: an ontology-engineering tool that implements the ideas presented in the paper.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Borgida, A., Brachman, R.: Conceptual Modeling with Description Logics. In: Baader, F., Calvanese, D., McGuinness, D., Nardi, D., Patel-Schneider, P. (eds): The Description Logic Handbook, Theory, Implementation and Applications (2003) ISBN: 0521781760
Beys, P., Benjamins, R., van Heijst, G.: Remedying the reusability-usability trade-off for problem solving methods. In: Gaines, B.R., Mussen, M. (eds.) Proceedings of the KAW 1996, Banff, Ca (1996)
Bylander, T., Chandrasekaran, B.: Generic tasks in knowledge-based reasoning: The right level of abstraction for knowledge acquisition. In: Gaines, B., Boose, J. (eds.) Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge Based Systems, vol. 1, pp. 65–77. Academic Press, London (1988)
Berardi, D., Calvanese, D., De Giacomo, G.: Reasoning on UML Class Diagrams using Description Logic Based Systems. In: Workshop on Applications of Description Logics- ADL-2001 (2001)
Bloesch, A., Halpin, T.: ConQuer: a Conceptual Query Language. In: Thalheim, B. (ed.) ER 1996. LNCS, vol. 1157, pp. 121–133. Springer, Heidelberg (1996)
van Bommel, P., ter Hofstede, A., van der Weide, T.P.: Semantics and verification of object-role models. Information Systems 16(5), 471–495 (1991)
Baclawski, K., Kokar, M., Kogut, P., Hart, J., Smith, J., Holmes, W., Letkowski, J., Aronson, M.: Extending UML to Support Ontology Engineering for the Semantic Web. In: 4th International Conference on UML, pp. 342–360 (2001)
Cranefield, S., Haustein, S., Purvis, M.: UML-Based Ontology Modelling for Software Agents. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Ontologies in Agent Systems, 5th International Conference on Autonomous Agents, Montreal, pp. 21–28 (2001)
Chandrasekaran, B., Johnson, T.: Generic Tasks and Task Structures: History, Critique and New Directions. In: David, J., Krivine, J., Simmons, R. (eds.) Second Generation Expert Systems, pp. 233–272. Springer, Heidelberg (1993)
Cranefield, S., Purvis, M.: UML as an ontology modelling language. In: Workshop on Intelligent Information Integration, 16th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 1999 (1999)
Franconi, E.: Tutorial on Description Logics for Conceptual Design, Information Access, and Ontology Integration: Research Trends. In: 1st International Semantic Web Con. (2002)
Fensel, D., Horrocks, I., Van Harmelen, F., Decker, S., Erdmann, M., Klein, M.: Oil in a nutshell. In: Dieng, R., Corby, O. (eds.) EKAW 2000. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 1937, pp. 1–16. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)
Gruber, T.R.: Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 43(5/6) (1995)
Guarino, N.: Formal Ontology in Information Systems. In: Proceedings of FOIS 1998, pp. 3–15. IOS Press, Amsterdam (1998)
Guizzardi, G., Herre, H., Wagner, G.: Towards Ontological Foundations for UML Conceptual Models. In: Meersman, R., Tari, Z., et al. (eds.) CoopIS 2002, DOA 2002, and ODBASE 2002. LNCS, vol. 2519, pp. 1100–1117. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
Guarino, N., Welty, C.: Evaluating Ontological Decisions with OntoClean. Communications of the ACM 45(2), 61–65 (2002)
Halpin, T.A.: A logical analysis of information systems: static aspects of the data-oriented perspective. PhD thesis, University ofQueensland, Brisbane, Australia (1989)
Halpin, T.: Information Modeling and Relational Databases, 3rd edn. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2001)
The Haley Enterprise, http://www.haley.com
Halpin, T., Proper, H.: Subtyping and polymorphism in object-role modeling. Data & Knowledge Engineering 15(3), 251–281 (1995)
ter Hofstede, A., Proper, H., van der Weide, T.: Formal definition of a conceptual language for the description and manipulation of information models. Information Systems 18(7), 471–495 (1993)
van Heijst, G., Schreiber, A., Wielinga, B.: Using Explicit Ontologies in KBS Development. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 46, 183–292 (1997)
Persidis, A., Niederée, C., Muscogiuri, C., Bouquet, P., Wynants, M.: Innovation Engineering for the Support of Scientific Discovery. Innovanet Project (IST-2001-38422), deliverable #D1 (2003)
Jarrar, M., Meersman, R.: Formal Ontology Engineering in the DOGMA Approach. In: Meersman, R., Tari, Z., et al. (eds.) CoopIS 2002, DOA 2002, and ODBASE 2002. LNCS, vol. 2519, pp. 1238–1254. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
Jarrar, M., Meersman, R.: Scalability and Knowledge Reusability in Ontology Modeling. In: Proceedings of the International conference on Infrastructure for e-Business, e-Education, e-Science, and e-Medicine, SSGRR2002s (2002)
Meersman, R.: Languages for the High-Level End User. In: InfoTech State of the Art Report, Pergamon Press, Oxford (1981)
Meersman, R.: The Use of Lexicons and Other Computer-Linguistic Tools. In: Zhang, Y., Rusinkiewicz, M., Kambayashi, Y. (eds.) Semantics, Design and Cooperation of Database Systems, in The International Symposium on Cooperative Database Systems for Advanced Applications (CODAS 1999), pp. 1–14. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)
Meersman, R.: Ontologies and Databases: More than a Fleeting Resemblance. In: Datri, A., Mssikoff, M. (eds.) OES/SEO 2001 Rome Workshop. Luiss Publications (2001)
Meisel, H., Compatangelo, E.: EER-ConcepTool: a “reasonable” environment for schema and ontology sharing. In: Proc. of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAL 2002), pp. 527–534. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (2002)
Nonaka, I.: A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. Organizational Science 5(1), 14–37 (1994)
Polany, M.: The Tacit Dimension. Doubleday, Garden City-NY (1996)
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2413.txt (Dublin Core definition)
Russ, T., Valente, A., MacGregor, R., Swartout, W.: Practical Experiences in Trading Off Ontology Usability and Reusability. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Banff Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-based Systems Workshop, pp. 4-11-1–4-11-20 (1999)
Spyns, P., Oberle, D., Volz, R., Zheng, J., Jarrar, M., Sure, Y., Studer, R., Meersman, R.: OntoWeb - a Semantic Web Community Portal. In: Karagiannis, D., Reimer, U. (eds.) PAKM 2002. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 2569, pp. 189–200. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
Spaccapietra, S., Parent, C.: View Integration: A Step Forward in Solving Structural Conflicts. IEEE Transactions on Data and Knowledge Engineering 6(2) (1994)
de Troyer, O.: A Formalization of the Binary Object-Role Model based on Logic. In: Data & Knowledge Engineering 19, pp. 1–37. North-Holland Elsevier, Amsterdam (1996)
de Troyer, O., Meersman, R.: A Logic Framework for a Semantics of Object-Oriented Data Modelling. In: Papazoglou, M.P. (ed.) ER 1995 and OOER 1995. LNCS, vol. 1021, pp. 238–249. Springer, Heidelberg (1995)
Tzitzikas, Y., Spyratos, N., Constantopoulos, P.: Mediators over Ontology-based Information Sources. In: Second International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, WISE 2001 (2001)
Van Griethuysen, J.J. (ed.): Concepts and Terminology for the Conceptual Schema and Information Base. International Standard for Standardization, Publication No. ISO/TC97/SC5- N695 (1982)
Verheijen, G., van Bekkum, P.: NIAM, aN Information Analysis Method. In: Olle, T.W., Sol, H., Verrijn-Stuart, A. (eds.) IFIP Conference on Comparative Review of Information Systems Methodologies, pp. 537–590. North-Holland, Amsterdam (1982)
Wintraecken, J.J.V.R.: The NIAM Information Analysis Method: Theory and Practice. Kluwer, Deventer (1990)
Welty, C., Jessica, J.: An Ontology for Subject. J. Data and Knowledge Engineering 31(2), 155–181 (1999)
Wand, Y., Storey, V., Weber, R.: An Ontological Analysis of the relationship Construct in Conceptual Modelling. ACM Transactions on Database Systems 24(4), 494–528 (1999)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jarrar, M., Demey, J., Meersman, R. (2003). On Using Conceptual Data Modeling for Ontology Engineering. In: Spaccapietra, S., March, S., Aberer, K. (eds) Journal on Data Semantics I. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2800. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39733-5_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39733-5_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-20407-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-39733-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive