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Transposable Elements as Tools for Reshaping the Genome: It Is a Huge World After All!

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Mobile Genetic Elements

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 859))

Abstract

Transposable elements (TEs) are discrete pieces of DNA that can move from one site to another within genomes and sometime between genomes. They are found in all major branches of life. Because of their wide distribution and considerable diversity, they are a considerable source of genomic variation and as such, they constitute powerful drivers of genome evolution. Moreover, it is becoming clear that the epigenetic regulation of certain genes is derived from defense mechanisms against the activity of ancestral transposable elements. TEs now tend to be viewed as natural molecular tools that can reshape the genome, which challenges the idea that TEs are natural tools used to answer biological questions. In the first part of this chapter, we review the classification and distribution of TEs, and look at how they have contributed to the structural and transcriptional reshaping of genomes. In the second part, we describe methodological innovations that have modified their contribution as molecular tools.

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  1. GICC, UMR CNRS 6239, Université François Rabelais, UFR des Sciences et Technques, Tours, France

    Solenne Bire & Florence Rouleux-Bonnin

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  1. Solenne Bire
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  2. Florence Rouleux-Bonnin
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Correspondence to Florence Rouleux-Bonnin .

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  1. , Physiologie de la Reproduction, UMR INRA-CNRS 6175, n/a, Nouzilly Cedex, 37380, France

    Yves Bigot

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Bire, S., Rouleux-Bonnin, F. (2012). Transposable Elements as Tools for Reshaping the Genome: It Is a Huge World After All!. In: Bigot, Y. (eds) Mobile Genetic Elements. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 859. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-603-6_1

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