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Electrolytic Production of Hydrogen

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Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry

Part of the book series: Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry ((CTE,volume 2))

Abstract

In order to meet the anticipated enhanced demands for hydrogen as a chemical feedstock, as a process gas, and as a clean fuel, the development of techniques for bulk hydrogen generation from nonfossil primary energy sources is vital. With the continued increase in costs and dwindling availability of natural gas and oil, which are the major sources of hydrogen in most countries, the production of hydrogen from coal, or by water electrolysis using electricity derived from hydroelectric, nuclear, solar, geothermal, or fusion energy, will become quite attractive in the near future. Since the energy crisis of 1973, methods have been actively pursued for the production of electricity and/or heat (forms of energy which are not easily storable or transportable over long distances) from renewable sources. Even if such methods are found, there will still be a need for portable fluid fuels which will have to be manufactured on a large scale from the above-mentioned resources. Portable fuels will be most essential for transportation applications. Hydrogen, methanol, or ethanol are the most likely candidates for fluid fuels. Water electrolysis is the only proven technology for production of hydrogen from nonfossil fuel primary energy sources. Other methods such as thermochemical, photochemical, or biochemical are in the infant research stage and from an engineering and economic standpoint show little prospects of success for production of hydrogen on a commerical scale. Due to the intermittent nature of some of the renewable energy sources (solar, wind), energy storage in some other form becomes essential. Here again, electrolytic production of hydrogen is most attractive. H2 is ideal, whereas methanol or ethanol will be an alternative fuel for future transportation applications. In the nuclear, solar, or fusion era, the most convenient method of methanol production will be by the gas phase catalytic reaction of CO2 (from carbonate rocks, the atmosphere, or the ocean) and electrolytic hydrogen. Ethanol can be easily manufactured from any form of biomass.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hooker Chemical Corporation, Research Center, Long Road, Grand Island, New York, 14072, USA

    B. V. Tilak

  2. Advanced Energy Systems Division, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Box 10864, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15236, USA

    P. W. T. Lu

  3. John E. Colman & Associates, Ltd., 1485 Shamrock Lane, Oakville, Ontario, L6L 1R1, Canada

    J. E. Colman

  4. Department of Energy and Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, USA

    S. Srinivasan

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  1. B. V. Tilak
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  2. P. W. T. Lu
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  3. J. E. Colman
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  4. S. Srinivasan
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA

    J. O’M. Bockris  & Ralph E. White  & 

  2. University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Brian E. Conway

  3. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Ernest Yeager

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Tilak, B.V., Lu, P.W.T., Colman, J.E., Srinivasan, S. (1981). Electrolytic Production of Hydrogen. In: Bockris, J.O., Conway, B.E., Yeager, E., White, R.E. (eds) Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry. Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry, vol 2. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3785-0_1

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