Abstract
The first phase of wound healing consists of an inflammatory response. It was the study of wounds that first led to the proposal that the visual manifestations of inflammation are caused by changes in blood vessels: dilatation underlying redness and plasma extravasation underlying tissue swelling (Hunter, 1794). Inflammation is important in wound healing because the associated micro-vascular changes result in the transfer of blood constituents from the vessels to the tissues. Thus, intradermal injection of autologous blood into rat skin, 2 days before an incision was found to result in accelerated healing (Myers and Rightor, 1978).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abelous, J. E., and Bardier, E., 1909, De l’action hypotensive et myotique de l’urine humaine normales, C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 66:876.
Amara, S. G., Jonas, V., Rosenfeld, M. G., Ong, E. S., and Evans, R. M., 1982, Alternative RNA processing in calcitonin gene expression generates mRNAs encoding different polypeptide products, Nature (Lond.) 298:240–244.
Amelang, E., Prasad, C. M., Raymond, R. M., and Grega, G. J., 1981, Interactions among inflammatory mediators on edema formation in the canine forelimb, Circ. Res. 49:298–306.
Anand, P., Bloom, S. R., and McGregor, G. P., 1983, Topical capsaicin pretreatment inhibits axon reflex vasodilatation caused by somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in human skin, Br. J. Pharmacol. 77:505–509.
Armstrong, J. M., Lattimer, N., Moncada, S., and Vane, J. R., 1978, Comparison of the vasodepressor effects of prostacyclin and 6-oxo-prostaglandin Flα with those of prostaglandin E2 in rats and rabbits, Br. J. Pharmacol 62:125–130.
Arnout, M. A., Tod III, R. F., Dana, N., Melamed, J., Schlossman, S. F., and Colten, H. R., 1983, Inhibition of phagocytosis of complement C3 or immunoglobulin G-coated particles and of C3bi binding by monoclonal antibodies to a monocyte-granulocyte membrane glycoprotein (Mo-1), J. Clin. Invest. 72:171–179.
Arthurson, G., 1979, Microvascular permeability to macromolecules in thermal injury, Physiol. Scand. (Suppl.) J 463:111–122.
Ash, A. S. F., and Schild, H. O., 1966, Receptors mediating some actions of histamine, Br. J. Pharmacol. 27:427–439.
Atherton, A., and Born, G. V. R., 1973, Relationship between the velocity of rolling granulocytes and that of blood flow in venules, J. Physiol (Lond.) 233:157–165.
Bayliss, W. M., 1901, On the origin from the spinal cord of the vasodilator fibres of the hind limb, and on the nature of these fibres, J. Physiol (Lond.) 26:173–209.
Benveniste, J., Tence, M., Varenne, P., Bidault, J., Boullet, C., and Polonsky, J., 1979, Semi-synthèse et structure proposée du facteur activant les plaquettes (P.A.F.): PAF-acether, un alkyl ether analogue de la lysophosphatidylcholine, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 289:1037–1042.
Bergstrom, S., Duner, H., von Euler, U. S., Pernow, B., and Sjovall, J., 1959, Observations on the effects of infusion of prostaglandin E in man, Acta Physiol. Scand. 45:145–151.
Bisgaard, H., Kristensen, J., and Sondergaard, J., 1982, The effect of leukotriene C4 and D4 on cutaneous blood flow in humans, Prostaglandins 23:797–801.
Björk, J., and Smedegard, G., 1983, Acute microvascular effects of PAF-Acether, as studied by intravital microscopy, Eur. J. Pharmacol 96:87–94.
Björk, J., Hedqvist, P., and Arfors, K-E., 1982, Increase in vascular permeability induced by leukotriene B4 and the role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, Inflammation 6:189–200.
Björk, J., Hugli, T. E., and Smedegard, G., 1983, Microvascular effects of anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, J. Immunol. 134:1115–1119.
Black, J. W., Duncan, W. A. M., Durant, C. J., Ganellin, C. R., and Parsons, E. M., 1972, Definition and antagonism of histamine H2-receptors, Nature (Lond.) 236:385–390.
Black, J. W., Owen, D. A. A., and Parsons, M. E., 1975, An analysis of the depressor responses to histamine in the cat and dog: Involvement of both H1-and H2-receptors, Br. J. Pharmacol. 54:319–324.
Blank, M. L., Snyder, F., Byers, L. W., Brooks, B., and Muirhead, E. E., 1979, Antihypertensive activity of an alkyl ether analog of phosphatidylcholine, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 90:1194–1200.
Bloom, S. R., and Polack, J. M., 1983, Regulatory peptides and the skin, Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 8:3–18.
Boxer, L. A., Allen, J. M., Schmidt, M., Yoder, M., and Baehner, R. L., 1980, Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence by prostacyclin, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 95:672–678.
Boyce, M. J. and Wareham, K., 1980, Histamine H1-and H2-receptors in the cardiovascular system of man, in: H2-antagonists (A. Torsoli, P. E. Lucchelli, and R. W. Brimblecombe, eds.), pp. 280–294, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam.
Brain, S. D., and Williams, T. J., 1985, Inflammatory oedema induced by synergism between calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and mediators of increased vascular permeability, Br. J. Pharmacol. 86:855–860.
Brain, S. D., Williams, T. J., Tippins, J. R., Morris, H. R., and Maclntyre, I., 1985, Calcitonin generelated peptide is a potent vasodilator, Nature (Lond.) 313:54–56.
Brocklehurst, W. E., 1960, The release of histamine and formation of a slow-reacting substance (SRS-A) during anaphylactic shock, J. Physiol (Lond.) 151:416–435.
Brown, K. A., and Collins, A. J., 1977, Action of nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs on human and rat peripheral leukocyte migration in vitro, Ann. Rheum. Dis. 36:239–243.
Chahl, L. A., 1977, Interactions of substance P with putative mediators of inflammation and ATP, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 44:45–49.
Cherry, P. D., Furchgott, R. F., Zawadzki, J. V., and Jothianandan, D., 1982, Role of endothelial cells in relaxation of isolated arteries by bradykinin, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72:2106–2110.
Chipman, P., and Glover, W. E., 1976, Histamine H2-receptors in the human peripheral circulation, Br. J. Pharmacol. 56:494–496.
Clark, E. R., and Clark, E. L., 1935, Observations on changes in blood vascular endothelium in the living animal, Am. J. Anat. 57:385–438.
Cochrane, C. G., Unanue, E. R., and Dixon, F. J., 1965, A role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and complement in nephrotoxic nephritis, J. Exp. Med. 122:99–114.
Colditz, I. G., and Movat, H. Z., 1984a, Desensitization of acute inflammatory lesions to chemotaxins and endotoxin, J. Immunol. 133:2163–2168.
Colditz, I. G., and Movat, H. Z., 1984b, Kinetics of neutrophil accumulation in acute inflammatory lesions induced by chemotaxins and chemotaxinigens, J. Immunol. 133:2169–2173.
Coste, H., Gaspach, C., and Abita, J.-P., 1981, Effect of indomethacin on the binding of the chemotactic peptide formyl-Met-Leu-Phe on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, FEBS Lett. 132:85–88.
Dahindin, C., and Fehr, J., 1980, Receptor-directed inhibition of chemotactic factor-induced neutrophil hyperactivity by Pyrazolon Derivatives, J. Clin. Invest. 66:884–891.
Dahlen, S.-E., Bjork, J., Hedqvist, P., Arfors, K. E., Hammarstrom, S., Lindgren, J.-A., and Samuelsson, B., 1981, Leukotrienes promote plasma leakage and leukocyte adhesion in postcapillary venules: In vivo effects with relevance to the acute inflammatory response, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78:3887–3891.
Dale, H. H., 1913, The anaphylactic reaction of plain muscle in the guinea pig, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 4:167.
Dale, H. H., and Laidlaw, P. P., 1910, The physiological action of β-iminazolylethylamine, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 41:318–344.
Damerau, B., and Vogt, W., 1976, Effect of hog anaphylatoxin (C5a) on vascular permeability and leukocyte emigration in vivo, Naunyn Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol. 255:237–241.
Davies, J. M., and Williams, K. I., 1984, Endothelial-dependent relaxant effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and arachidonic acid in rat aortic strips, Prostaglandins 27:195–202.
Demopoulos, C. A., Pinckard, R. N., and Hanahan, D. J., 1979, Evidence for 1-0-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine as the active component (a new class of lipid chemical mediators), J. Biol. Chem. 254:9355–9358.
Desai, U., Kreutzer, D. L., Showell, H., Arroyave, C. V., and Ward, P. A., 1979, Acute inflammatory pulmonary reactions induced by chemotactic factors, Am. J. Pathol. 96:71–84.
Dobbins, D. E., Solika, C. Y., Premen, A. J., Grega, G. J., and Dabney, J. M., 1982, Blockade of histamine and bradykinin-induced increases in lymph flow, protein concentration, and protein transport by terbutaline in vivo, Microcirculation 2/2:127–150.
Drazen, J. M., Austen, K. F., Lewis, R. A., Clark, D. A., Goto, G., Marfat, A., and Cory, E. J., 1980, Comparative airway and vascular activités of leukotrienes C-I and D in vivo and in vitro, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:4354–4358.
Ebbecke, U., 1923, Über Gewebsreizung and Gefässreaktion, Pfluger’s Arch. 199:197–216.
Feldberg, W., and Kellaway, C. H., 1938, Liberation of histamine and formation of a lysocithin-like substance by cobra venom, J. Physiol (Lond.) 94:187–226.
Fernandez, H. N., and Hugli, T. E., 1978, Primary structural analysis of the polypeptide portion of human C5a anaphylatoxin, J. Biol. Chem. 253:6955–6964.
Feuerstein, G., 1984, Leukotrienes and the cardiovascular system, Prostaglandins 27:781–802.
Fisher, L.A., Kikkawa, D. O., Rivier, J. E., Amara, S. G., Evans, R. M., Rosenfeld, M. G., Vale, W. W., and Brown, M. R., 1983, Stimulation of noradrenergic sympathetic outflow by calcitonin generelated peptide, Nature (Lond.) 305:534–536.
Flynn, P. J., Becker, W. K., Vercellotti, G. M., Weisdord, D. J., Craddock, P. R., Hammerschmidi, D. E., Lillehei, R. C., and Jacob, H. S., 1984, Ibuprofen inhibits granulocyte responses to inflammatory mediators: A proposed mechanism for reduction of experimental myocardial infact size, Inflammation 8:33–44.
Folkow, B., Haeger, K., and Kahlson, G., 1948, Observations on reactive hyperaemia as related to histamine on drugs antagonising vasodilatation induced by histamine and on vasodilator properties of adenosine triphosphate, Acta Physiol. Scand. 15:264–278.
Ford-Hutchinson, A. W., Bray, M. A., Doig, M. V., Shipley, M. E., and Smith, M. J. H., 1980, Leukotriene B, a potent chemokinetic and aggregating substance released from polymorphonuclear leukocytes, Nature (Lond.) 286:264–265.
Foreman, J. C., Jordan, C. C., Oehme, P., and Renner, H., 1983, Structure-activity relationships for some substance P-related peptides that cause wheal and flare reactions in human skin, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 335:449–465.
Forrest, M. J., Jose, P. J., and Williams, T. J., 1986, Kinetics of the generation and action of chemical mediators in zymosan-induced inflammation of the rabbit peritoneal cavity, Br. J. Pharmacol. 89:719–730.
Frey, E. K., and Kraut, H., 1928, Ein neues Kreislaufhormon and seine Wirking, Arch. Exp. Pathol. Pharmakol. 133:1–56.
Friedberger, E., 1910, Weitere Untersuchungen über Eiweissanaphylaxie, Z. Immunitaets/orsch. 4:636.
Furchgott, R. F., 1981, The requirement for endothelial cells in the relaxation of arteries by acetylcholine and some other vasodilators, Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 2:173–176.
Furchgott, R. F., and Zawadzki, J. V., 1980, The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine, Nature (Lond.) 288:373–376.
Gallin, J. I., 1980, Degranulating stimuli decrease the negative surface charge and increase the adhesiveness of human neutrophils, J. Clin. Invest. 65:298–306.
Gallin, J. I., and Quie, P. G., 1978, Leukocyte Chemotaxis: Methods, Physiology and Clinical Implications, Raven, New York.
Gerard, C., and Hugli, T. E., 1981, Identification of classical anaphylatoxin as the des-Arg form of the C5a molecule: Evidence of a modulator role for the oligosaccharide unit in human des-Arg74-C5a, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78:1833–1837.
Goetzl, E. J., Brash, A. R., Tauber, A. I., Oates, J. A., and Hubbard, W. C., 1980, Modulation of human neutrophil function by mon-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acids, Immunology 39:491–501.
Goldblatt, M. W., 1935, Properties of human seminal fluid, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 84:208–218.
Greutter, C. A., Barry, B. K., McNamara, D. B., Greutter, D. Y., Kadowitz, P. J., and Ignarro, L. J., 1979, Relaxation of bovine coronary artery and activation of coronary arterial guanylate cyclase by nitric oxide, nitroprusside and a carcinogenic nitrosoamine, J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 5:211–224.
Griffith, T. M., Edwards, D. H., Lewis, M. J., Newby, A. C., and Henderson, A. H., 1984, The nature of the endothelium-derived vascular relaxant factor, Nature (Lond.) 308:645–647.
Hagermark, O., Hokfelt, T., and Pernow, B., 1978, Flare and itch induced by substance P in human skin, J. Invest. Dermatol. 71:233–235.
Hahn, F., and Oberdorf, A., 1950, Antihistaminica and anaphylaktoide, Z. Immunitaetsforsch. 107:528–538.
Halonen, M., Palmer, J. D., Lohman, I. C., McManus, L. M., and Pinckard, R. N., 1980, Respiratory and circulatory alterations induced by acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine (AGEPC), a mediator of IgE anaphylaxis in the rabbit, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 122:915–924.
Halpern, B. N., 1942, Les antihistaminiques de synthèse: Essais de chimiotherapie des états allergiques, Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 68:339–408.
Hamberg, M., Svensson, J., and Samuelsson, B., 1975, Thromboxanes: A new group of biologically active compounds derived from prostaglandin endoperodixes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72:2994–2998.
Heltianu, C., Simionescu, M., and Simionescu, N., 1982, Histamine receptors of the microvascular endothelium revealed in situ with a histamine-ferritin conjugate: characteristic high-affinity binding sites in venules, J. Cell Biol. 93:357–364.
Henson, P. M., Larsen, G. L., Webster, R. O., Mitchell, R. C., Goins, A. J., and Henson, J. E., 1982, Pulmonary microvascular alterations and injury induced by complement fragments: Synergistic effect of complement activation, neutrophils sequestration, and prostaglandins, Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 384:287–300.
Higgs, G. A., 1984, The effects of lipoxygenase inhibitors in anaphylactic and inflammatory responses in vivo, Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Medicine 13:89–92.
Higgs, G. A., Flower, R. J., and Vane, J. R., 1979, A new approach to anti-inflammatory drugs, Biochem. Pharmacol. 28:1959–1981.
Higgs, G. A., Eakins, K. E., Mugridge, K. G., Moncada, S., and Vane, J. R., 1980, The effects on nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs on leukocyte migration in carragheenin-induced inflammation, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 66:81–86.
Holmdahl, G., Hakanson, R., Leander, S., Roseel, S., Folders, F., and Sundler, F., 1981, A substance P antagonist, (D-Pro 2, D-Trp 7,9), inhibits inflammatory responses in the rabbit eye, Science 214:1029–1031.
Holzmann, S., 1982, Endothelium-induced relaxation by acetylcholine associated with larger rises in cyclic GMP in coronary arterial strips, J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 8:409–419.
Hoover, R. L., Folger, R., Haering, W. A., Ware, B. R., and Karrovs, M. J., 1980, Adhesion of leukocytes to endothelium: Roles of divalent cations, surface charge, chemotactic agents and substrate, J. Cell. Sci. 45:73–86.
Hoover, R. L., Karnovsky, M. J., Auster, K. F., Corey, E. J., and Lewis, R. A., 1984, Leukotriene B4 action on endothelium mediates augmented neutrophil/endothelial adhesion, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:2191–2193.
Huey, R. Kawahara, M. S., and Hugli, T. E., 1983, Potentiation of the anaphylatoxins in vivo using an inhibitor of serum carboxypeptidase N(SCPN), Am. J. Pathol. 112:48–60.
Humphrey, J. H., 1955, The mechanism of Arthus reactions. 1. The role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and other factors in reversed passive Arthus reactions in rabbits, Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 36:268–282.
Humphrey, D. M., Hanahan, D. J., and Pinckard, R. N., 1982, Induction of leukocytic infiltrates in rabbit skin by acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine, Lab. Invest. 47:227–234.
Hunter, 1794, A treatise on the blood, in: Inflammation and Gun-shot Wounds, G. Nicol, London.
Hurley, J. V., 1963, An electron microscopic study of leukocyte emigration and vascular permeability in rat skin, Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 41:171–186.
Hurley, J. V., Edwards, B., and Ham, K. N., 1970, The response of newly formed blood vessels in healing wounds to histamine and other permeability factors, Pathology 2:133–145.
Ignarro, L. J., Burke, T. M., Wood, K. S., Wolin, M. S., and Kadowitz, P. J., 1984, Association between cyclic GMP accumulation and acetylcholine-elicited relaxation of bovine intrapulmonary artery, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 228:682–690.
Issekutz, A. C., 1981, Vascular responses during acute neutropholic inflammation. Their relationship to in vivo neutrophil emigration, Lab. Invest. 45:435–441.
Issekutz, A. C., and Bhimji, S., 1982, The effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents on E. coli-induced inflammation, Immunopharmacology 42:11–22.
Issekutz, A. C., and Movat, H. Z., 1979, The effect of vasodilator prostaglandins on polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration and vascular injury, Pathology 107:300–309.
Johnson, K. J., and Ward, P. E., 1981, Role of oxygen metabolites in immune complex injury of lung, J. Immunol. 126:2365–2369.
Johnston, M. G., Hay, J. B., and Movat, H. Z., 1976, The modulation of enhanced vascular permeability by prostaglandins through alterations in blood flow, Agents Actions 6:705–711.
Jones, G., and Hurley, J. V., 1984, The effect of prostacyclin on the adhesion of leukocytes to injured vascular endothelium, J. Pathol. 142:51–59.
Joris, I., Majno, G., and Ryan, G. B., 1972, Endothelial contraction in vivo: A study of the rat mesentery, Virchows Arch. [B] 12:73–83.
Jose, P. J., Peck, M. J., Robinson, C., and Williams, T. J., 1978, Characterization of a histamineindependent vascular permeability-increasing factor generated on exposure of rabbit plasma to zymosan, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 281:13–14.
Jose, P. J., Forrest, M. J., and Williams, T. J., 1983, Detection of the complement fragment C5a in inflammatory exudates from the rabbit peritoneal cavity using radioimmunoassay, J. Exp. Med. 158:2177–2182.
Juhlin, S., and Michaelsson, G., 1969, Cutaneous vascular reactions to prostaglandins in healthy subjects and in patients with urticaria and atopic dermatitis, Acta Derm. Venereol. (Stockh.) 49:251–261.
Kahlson, G., and Rosengren, E., 1971, New approaches to the physiology of histamine, Physiol. Rev. 48:155–196.
Kangawa, K., Minamino, N., Fukada, N., and Matsuo, H., 1983, Neuromedin K: A novel mammalian tachykinin identified in porcine spinal cord, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 114:533–540.
Kaplan, B. K., Edelson, H. S., Korchak, H. M., Given, W. P., Abrahamson, S., and Weissmann, G., 1984, Effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents on human neutrophil functions in vitro and in vivo, Biochem. Pharmacol. 33:371–378.
Katsuki, S., Arnold, W., Mittal, C. K., and Murad, F., 1977, Stimulation of guanylate cyclase by sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin and nitric oxide in various tissue preparations and comparison to the effects of sodium azide and hydroxylamine, J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 3:23–25.
Kenaway, S. A., Lewis, G. P., and Williams, T. J., 1978, The effects of α-and β-adrenoceptor agonists on inflammatory exudation in rabbit and guinea pig skin, Br. J. Pharmacol. 64:447–448.
Kimura, H., Mittal, C. K., and Murad, F., 1975, Activation of guanylate cyclase from rat liver and other tissues by sodium azide, J. Biol. Chem. 250:8016–8022.
Kraut, H., Frey, E. K., and Werle, E., 1930, Der Nachweis eines Kreislaufhormons in der Pankeasdruse. IV. Mitt. Über dieses kreislaufhormon, Z. Physiol. Chem. 189:97–106.
Kurzrok, R., and Lieb, C. C., 1930, Biochemical studies of human semen. II. The action of semen on the human uterus, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 28:268–272.
Lembeck, F., and Holzer, P., 1979, Substance P as neurogenic mediator of antidromic vasodilation and neurogenic plasma extravasation, Naunyn Schmiedeberg Arch. Pharmacol. 310:175–183.
Lembeck, F., Donnerer, J., and Bartho, L., 1982, Inhibition of neurogenic vasodilation and plasma extravasation by substance P antagonists, somatostatin and (D-met 2,pro5) enkephalinamide, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 85:171–176.
Levi, R., Owen, D. A. A., and Trzeciakowski, J., 1982, Actions of histamine on the heart and vasculature, in: Pharmacology of Histamine Receptors (C. R. Ganellin and M. E. Parsons, eds.), pp. 236–297, PSG-Wright, London.
Lewis, T., 1927, The Blood Vessels of the Human Skin and Their Responses, Shaw & Sons, London.
Lewis, T., and Grant, R. I., 1924, Vascular reactions of the skin to injury. Part II. The liberation of a histamine-like substance in injured skin; the underlying cause of factitious urticaria and of wheals produced by burning, and observations upon the nervous control of certain skin reactions, Heart 11:209–265.
Lin, A. H., Morton, D. R., and Gorman, R. R., 1982, Acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine stimulates leukotriene B4, synthesis in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, J. Clin. Invest. 70:1058–1065.
Lo, T. N., Almeida, A.P., and Beaven, M. A., 1984, Effect of indomethacin on generation of chemotactic activity in inflammatory exudates induced by carrageenan, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 99:31–43.
Lundberg, C., and Gerdin, B., 1984, The inflammatory reaction in an experimental model of open wounds in the rat. The effect of arachidonic acid metabolites, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 97:229–238.
Lundberg, J. M., and Saria, A., 1983, Capsaicin-induced desensitization of airway mucosa to cigarette smoke, mechanical and chemical irritants, Nature (Lond.) 302:251–253.
Lundberg, J. M., Saria, A., Brodin, E., Rosell, S., and Folkers, K., 1983, A substance P antagonist inhibits vagally induced increase in vascular permeability and bronchial smooth muscle contraction in the guinea pig, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:1120–1124.
MacGregor, R. R., Spognuolo, P. J., and Lentnek, A. L., 1974, Inhibition of granulocyte adherence by ethanol, prednisone, and aspirin, measured with an assay system, N. Engl. J. Med. 29:642–646.
Maderazo, E. G., Breaux, S. P., and Woronick, C. L., 1984, Inhibition of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte cell responses by ibuprofen, J. Pharm. Sci. 19:1403–1406.
Majno, G., and Palade, G. E., 1961, Studies on inflammation. I. The effect of histamine and serotonin on vascular permeability: An electron microscopic study, J. Biol. Phys. Biochem. Cytol. 11:571–605.
Majno, G., Schoefl, G. I., and Palade, G., 1961, Studies on inflammation. II. The site of action of histamine and serotonin on the vascular tree; a topographic study, J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol. 11:607–626.
Majno, G., Shea, S. M., and Leventhal, M., 1969, Endothelial contraction induced by histaminetype mediators. An electron microscopic study, J. Cell Biol. 42:647–672.
Marasco, W. A., Phan, S. H., Krutzsch, H., Showell, H. J., Feltner, D. E., Nairn, R., Becker, E. L., and Ward, P. A., 1984, Purification and identification of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyalalanine as the major peptide neutrophil chemotactic factor produced by Escherichia coli, J. Biol. Chem. 259:5430–5439.
Martin, W. J., 1984, Neutrophils kill pulmonary endothelial cells by a hydrogen-peroxide dependent pathway. An in vitro model of neutrophil-mediated lung injury, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 130:209–213.
Martin, W., Villani, G. M., Jothianandan, D., and Furchgott, R. F., 1985, Selective blockade of endothelim-dependent and glyceral trinitrate-induced relaxation by hemoglobin and methylene blue in rabbit aorta, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 232:708–716.
Matzner, Y., Drexler, R., and Levy, M., 1984, Effect of dipyrone, acetylsalicylic acid and acetaminophen on human neutrophil chemotaxis, Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 14:440–443.
McManus, L. M., Pinckard, R. N., Fitzpatrick, F. F., O’Rourke, R. A., Johanson, W. G., and Hanahan, D. J., 1981, Acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine (AGEPC): Intravascular alterations following intravenous infusion in the baboon, Lab. Invest. 45:303–307.
Menkin, V., 1938a, Studies in inflammation. XIV. Isolation of the factor concerned with increased capillary permeability in injury, J. Exp. Med. 67:129–144.
Menkin, V., 1938b, Studies on inflammation. XVI. On the formation of a chemotactic substance by enzymic actions, J. Exp. Med. 67:153–158.
Miki, N., Kawabe, Y., and Kuriyama, K., 1977, Activation of cerebral guanylate cyclase by nitric oxide, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 75:851–856.
Moncada, S. (ed.), 1983, Prostacyclin, thromboxane and leukotrienes, Br. Med. Bull. 39(3):209–300.
Moncada, S., Ferreira, S. H., and Vane, J. R., 1973, Prostaglandins, aspirin-like drugs and the oedema of inflammation, Nature (Lond.) 246:217–219.
Morris, H. R., Taylor, G. W., Piper, P. J., and Tippins, J. R., 1980, The structure elucidation of slowreacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) from guinea pig lung, Nature (Lond.) 285:104–106.
Morris, H. R., Panico, M., Etienne, T., Tippins, J. R., Girgis, S. I., and Maclntyre, I., 1984, Isolation and characterization of human calcitonin gene-related peptide, Nature (Lond.) 308:746–748.
Murphy, R. C., Hammerstrom, S., and Samuelsson, B., 1979, Leukotriene C: A slow-reacting substance from murine mastocytoma cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76:4275–4279.
Myers, B., and Rightor, M., 1978, Augmentation of wound tensile strength in rats by induction of inflammation with autogenous blood, Surgery 83:78–82.
Nawa, H., Kotani, H., and Nakanishi, S., 1984, Tissue-specific generation of two prepro-tachykinin mRNAs from one gene by alternative RNA splicing, Nature (Lond.) 312:729–734.
O’Donnell, S. R., and Persson, C. G. A., 1978,-adrenoceptor mediate inhibition by terbutaline of histamine effects on vascular permeability, Br. J. Pharmacol. 62:321–324.
Pavek, K. P., and Smedegard, G., 1979, Anaphylatoxin-induced shock and two patterns of anaphylactic shock hemodynamics and mediators, Acta Physiol. Scand. 105:393–403.
Peck, M. J., and Williams, T. J., 1978, Prostacyclin (PGI2) potentiates bradykinin-induced plasma exudation in rabbit skin, Br. J. Pharmacol. 62:464–465.
Peck, M. J., Piper, P. J., and Williams, T. J., 1981, The effect of leukotrienes C4 and D4 on the microvasculature of guinea pig skin, Prostaglandins 21:315–321.
Perez, H. D., Goldstein, I. M., Chernoff, D., Webster, R. O., and Henson, P. M., 1980, Chemotactic activity of C5a des Arg: Evidence of a requirement for an anionic peptide “helper factor” and inhibition by a cationic protein in serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, Mol. Immunol. 17:163–169.
Pham Huy, D., Roch-Arveilher, M., Muntaner, O., and Girand, J. P., 1985, Effect of some antiinflammatory drugs on FMLP-induced chemotaxis and random migration of rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 111:251–256.
Phelps, P., and McCarty, D. J., 1966, Crystal-induced inflammation of canine joints. II. Importance of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, J. Exp. Med. 124:115–125.
Rampart, M., and Williams, T. J., 1986, Suppression of inflammatory oedema by ibuprofen involving a mechanism independent of cyclo-oxygenase inhibition, Biochem. Pharmacol. 35:581–586.
Pinckard, R. N., McManus, L. M., and Hanahan, D. J., 1982, Chemistry and biology of acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine (platelet-activating factor), in:Advances in Inflammation Research, Vol. 4 (G. Weissmann, ed.), pp. 147–180, Raven, New York.
Rampart, M., and Williams, T. J., 1985, Inhibition of PMN-dependent oedema formation in rabbit skin by systemic treatment with catalase and 15-methyl PGE2, Br. J. Pharmacol. 85:274.
Ramsdell, S. G., 1928, The use of tryphan blue to demonstrate the immediate skin reaction in rabbits and guinea pigs, J. Immunol. 15:305–311.
Rapoport, R. M., Draznin, M. B., and Murad, F., 1983, Endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat aorta may be mediated through cyclic GMP-dependent protein phosphorylation, Nature (Lond.) 306:174–176.
Rapport, M. M., Green, A. A., and Page, I. H., 1948, Serum vasoconstrictor (serotonin). IV. Isolation and characterization, J. Biol. Chem. 176:1243–1251.
Regoli, D., and Barabe, J., 1980, Pharmacology of bradykinin and related kinins, Pharmacol. Rev. 32:1–46.
Regoli, D., Barabe, J., and Park, W. K., 1977, Receptors for bradykinin in rabbit aorta, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 55:855–867.
Regoli, D., Marcaeu, F., and Barabe, J., 1978, De novo formation of vascular receptors for bradykinin, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 56:674–677.
Rochae Silva, M., Beraldo, W. T., and Rosenfeld, G., 1949, Bradykinin a hypotensive and smooth muscle stimulating factor released from plasma globulin by snake venom and by trypsin, Am. J. Physiol. 156:261–273.
Rosenfeld, M. G., Mermod, J. J., Amara, S. G., Swanson, L. W., Sawchenko, P. E., Rivier, J., Vale, W. W., and Evans, R. M., 1983, Production of a novel neuropeptide encoded by the calcitonin gene via tissue-specific RNA processing, Nature (Lond.) 304:129–135.
Sacks, T., Moldow, C. F., Craddock, P. R., Bowers, T. K., and Jacob, H. S., 1978, Oxygen radicals mediate endothelial cell damage by complement-stimulated granulocytes. An in vitro model of immune vascular damage, J. Clin. Invest. 61:1161–1167.
Said, S. I., and Mutt, V., 1970, Polypeptide with broad biological activity: Isolation from small intestine, Science 169:1217–1218.
Saldeen, T., 1983, Vasoactive peptides derived from degradation of fibrinogen and fibrin, Ann. NY Acad Sci. 408:424–437.
Saria, A., and Lundberg, J. M., 1985, Neurogenic inflammation, in: Inflammatory Mediators (G. A. Higgs, and T. J. Williams, eds.), pp. 73–85, Macmillan, New York.
Schayer, R. W., 1965, Histamine and circulatory homeostasis, Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 24:1295–1297.
Schiffmann, E., Corcoran, B. A., and Wahl, S. A., 1975, N-formylmethionyl peptide as chemoattractants for leukocytes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72:1059–1062.
Schoefl, G. I., 1963, Studies on inflammation. III. Growing capillaries: Their structure and permeability, Virchows Arch. [A] 337:97–141.
Schultz, H. E., 1910, Physiological studies in anaphylaxis. I. The reaction of smooth muscle of the guinea pig sensitised with horse serum, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1:549.
Shaw, J. O., Henson, P. M., Henson, J., and Webster, R. O., 1980, Lung inflammation induced by complement-derived chemotactic fragments in the alveolus, Lab. Invest. 42:547–558.
Showell, H. J., Freer, R. J., Zigmond, S. H., Schiffmann, E., Aswanikumar, S., Corcoran, B., and Becker, E. L., 1976, The structure-activity relations of synthetic peptides as chemotactic factors and inducers of lysosomal enzyme secretion for neutrophils, J. Exp. Med. 143:1154–1169.
Snyderman, R., Phillips, J., and Mergenhagen, S. E., 1970, Polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotactic activity in rabbit serum and guinea pig serum treated with immune complexes: Evidence for C5a as the major chemotactic factor, Infect. Immun. 1:521–525.
Sondergaard, J., and Greaves, M. W., 1971, Prostaglandin E1: Effect on human cutaneous vasculature and skin histamine, Br. J. Dermatol. 84:424–428.
Spilberg, I., and Mehta, J., 1979, Demonstration of a specific neutrophil receptor for a cell-derived chemotactic factor, J. Clin. Invest. 63:85–88.
Springer, T. A., Teplow, D. B., and Dreyer, W. J., 1985, Sequence homology of the LFA-1 and the Mac-1 leukocyte adhesion glycoproteins and unexpected relation to leukocyte interferon, Nature (Lond.) 314:540–542.
Stetson, C. A., 1951, Similarities in the mechanisms determining the Arthus and Schwartzman Phenomena, J. Exp. Med. 94:347–358.
Stimler, N. P., Bach, M. K., Bloor, C. M., and Hugli, T. E., 1982, Release of leukotrienes from guinea pig lung stimulated by C5a des Arg anaphylatoxin, J. Immunol. 128:2247–2252.
Sugio, K., and Daly, J. W., 1984, Adenosine analogs: Potentiation of bradykinin-induced plasma exudation in rat skin and prevention by caffeine and theophylline, Life Sci. 35:1575–1583.
Svensjo, E., Persson, C. G. A., and Rutili, G., 1977, Inhibition of bradykinin induced macromolecular leakage from postcapillary venules by a β2-adrenoceptor stimulant, terbutaline, Acta Physiol. Scand. 101:504–506.
Terragno, N. A., Lonigro, A. J., Malik, K. U., and McGiff, J. C., 1972, The relationship of the renal vasodilator action of bradykinin to the release of a prostaglandin E-like substance, Experientia 28:437–439.
Till, G. O., Johnson, K. J., Kunkel, R., and Ward, P. A., 1982, Intravascular activation of complement and acute lung injury. Dependency on neutrophils and toxic oxygen metabolites, J. Clin. Invest. 69:1126–1135.
Tonnesen, M. G., Smedley, L., Goins, A., and Henson, P. M., 1982, Interaction between neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells in: Agents and Actions, Cologne Atherosclerosis Conference, Vol. XI, pp. 25–38, (M. J. Parnham, and J. Winkelmann, eds.), Birkhauser Verlag, Basel.
Tonnesen, M. G., Smedley, L. A., and Henson, P. M., 1984, Neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions. Modulation of neutrophil adhesiveness induced by complement fragments C5a and C5a des Arg and Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalaline in vitro, J. Clin. Invest. 74:1581–1592.
Tregear, G. W., Niall, H. D., Potts, J. T. Jr., Leeman, S. E., and Chang, M. M., 1971, Synthesis of substance P, Nature (New Biol.) 232:870–889.
Tsurufuji, S., Sugio, K., and Takemasa, F., 1979, The role of glucocorticoid receptor and gene expression in the anti-inflammatory action of dexamethasone, Nature 280:408–410.
Turner, S. R., Trainer, J. A., and Lynn, W. S., 1975, Biogenesis of chemotactic molecules by the arachidonate lipoxygenase system of platelets, Nature (Lond.) 257:680–681.
Van de Coorde, J., and Leusen, I., 1983, Role of endothelium in the vasodilator response of rat thoracic aorta to histamine, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 87:113–120.
Vargaftig, B. B., and Ferreira, S. H., 1981, Blockade of the inflammatory effects of platelet-activating factor by cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors, Br. J. Med. Res. 14:187–189.
Voelkel, N. F., Worthen, S., Reeves, J. T., Henson, P. M., and Murphy, R. C., 1982, Nonimmunological production of leukotrienes induced by platelet-activating factor, Science 218:286–288.
von Euler, U. S., 1936, On the specific vasodilating and plain muscle stimulating substance from accessory genital glands in man and certain animals (prostaglandin and vesiglandin), J. Physiol. (Lond.J 88:213–234.
von Euler, U. S., and Pernow, B. (eds.), 1977, Substance P, Raven, New York.
Wedmore, C. V., and Williams, T. J., 1981a, Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a secretory product of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, increases vascular permeability in rabbit skin, Br. J. Pharmacol. 74:916–917.
Wedmore, C. V., and Williams, T. J., 1981b, Control of vascular permeability by polymorphonuclear leukocytes in inflammation, Nature (Lond.) 289:646–650.
Werle, E., 1937, Uber die Wirkung des Kallikreins auf den isolierten Darm and uber eine neue dermakontrahierende Substanz, Biochem. Z. 289:217–233.
Wilkinson, P. C., 1982, Chemotaxis and Inflammation, 2nd ed., Churchill Livingstone, London.
Williams, T. J., 1976, The pro-inflammatory activity of E-, A-, D-and F-type prostaglandins and analogues 16, 16-dimethyl-PGE2 and (15S)-15-methyl-PGE2 in rabbit skin; the relationship between potentiating of plasma exudation and local blood flow changes, Br. J. Pharmacol. 56:341–352.
Williams, T. J., 1978, A proposed mediator of increased vascular permeability in acute inflammation in the rabbit, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 281:44–45.
Williams, T. J., 1979, Prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin I2 and the vascular changes in inflammation, Br. J. Pharmacol. 65:517–524.
Williams, T. J., 1982, Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is more potent than prostaglandin E2 as a vasodilator and oedema potentiator in rabbit skin, Br. J. Pharmacol. 77:505–509.
Williams, T. J., and Jose, P. J., 1981, Mediation of increased vascular permeability after complement activation: Histamine-independent action of rabbit C5a, J. Exp. Med. 153:136–153.
Williams, T. J., and Morley, J., 1973, Prostaglandins as potentiators of increased vascular permeability in inflammation, Nature (Lond.) 246:215–217.
Williams, T. J., and Peck, M. J., 1977, Role of prostaglandin-mediated vasodilatation in inflammation, Nature (Lond.) 270:530–532.
Williams, T. J., and Piper, P. J., 1980, The action of chemically pure SRS-A on the microcirculation in vivo, Prostaglandins 19:779–789.
Williams, T. J., Jose, P. J., Forrest, L. H., Smaje, L. H., and Clough, G. F., 1984, Inflammatory oedema induced by synergism between prostaglandins and C5a: The importance of the interaction between neutrophils and venular endothelial cells, in: Progress in Microcirculation Research. Vol. II (F. C. Courtice, D. G. Garlick, and M. A. Perry, eds.), pp. 439–448, Committee in Postgraduate Medical Education, University of New South Wales, Sydney.
Williamson, L. M., Sheppard, K., Davies, J. M., and Fletcher, J., 1986, Neutrophils are involved in the increased vascular permeability produced by activated complement in man, Br. J. Haemotol. 64:375–384.
Yancey, K. B., Hammer, C. H., Harvath, L., Renfer, L., Frank, M. M., and Lawley, T. J., 1985, Studies of human C5a as a mediator of inflammation in normal human skin, J. Clin. Invest. 75:486–495.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Williams, T.J. (1988). Factors That Affect Vessel Reactivity and Leukocyte Emigration. In: Clark, R.A.F., Henson, P.M. (eds) The Molecular and Cellular Biology of Wound Repair. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1795-5_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1795-5_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5725-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-1795-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive