Access provided by Autonomous University of Puebla. Download to read the full chapter text
Chapter PDF
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References
Bacon, F. (1620), Novum Organum.
Brafman, R.I., M. Tennenholtz (2000), “An Axiomatic Treatment of Three Qualitative Decision Criteria”, Journal of the Association of Computing Machinery 47, 452–482.
Carnap, R. (1950), Logical Foundations of Probability, Chicago University Press, Chicago.
Cohen, L.J. (1970), The Implications of Inductionss Methuen, London.
Cohen, L.J. (1977), The Probable and the Provable, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Cohen, L.J. (1980), “Some Historical Remarks on the Baconian Conception of Probability”, Journal of the History of Ideas 41, 219–231.
Darwiche, A., J. Pearl (1997), “On the Logic of Iterated Belief Revision”, Artificial Intelligence 89, 1–29.
Dawid, A.P. (1979), “Conditional Independence in Statistical Theory”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society B 41, 1–31.
de Finetti, B. (1937), “La Prévision: Ses Lois Logiques, Ses Sources Subjectives”, Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré 7; engl. translation: “Foresight: Its Logical Laws, Its Subjective Sources”, in: H.E. Kyburg Jr., H.E. Smokler (eds.), Studies in Subjective Probability, Wiley, New York 1964, pp. 93–158.
Dempster, A.P. (1967), “Upper and Lower Probabilities Induced by a Multivalued Mapping”, Annals of Mathematical Statistics 38, 325–339.
Dempster, A.P. (1968), “A Generalization of Bayesian Inference”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 30, 205–247.
Dubois, D., H. Prade (1988), Possibility Theory: An Approach to Computerized Processing of Uncertainty, Plenum Press, New York.
Dubois, D., H. Prade (1995), “Possibility Theory as Basis for Qualitative Decision Theory”, in: Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI’95), Montreal, pp. 1925–1930.
Dubois, D., H. Prade (1998), “Possibility Theory: Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects”, in: D.M. Gabbay, P. Smets (eds.), Handbook of Defeasible Reasoning and Uncertainty Management Systems, Vol. 1, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 169–226.
Gabbay, D.M., et al. (eds.) (1994), Handbook of Logic in Artificial Intelligence and Logic Programming, Vol. 3, Nonmonotonic Reasoning and Uncertainty Reasoning, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Garber, D. (1980), “Field and Jeffrey Conditionalization”, Philosophy of Science 47, 142–145.
Gärdenfors, P. (1978), “Conditionals and Changes of Belief”, in: I. Niiniluoto, R. Tuomela (eds.), The Logic and Epistemology of Scientific Change, North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 381–404.
Gärdenfors, P. (1988), Knowledge in Flux, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Geiger, D., J. Pearl (1990), “On the Logic of Causal Models”, in: R.D. Shachter, T.S. Levitt, J. Lemmer, L.N. Kanal (eds.), Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence 4, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 3–14.
Giang, P.G., P.P. Shenoy (1999), “On Transformations Between Probability and Spohnian Disbelief Functions”, in: K.B. Laskey, H. Prade (eds.), Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 15, Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, pp. 236–244.
Giang, P.G., P.P. Shenoy (2000), “A Qualitative Linear Utility Theory for Spohn’s Theory of Epistemic Beliefs”, in: C. Boutilier, M. Goldszmidt (eds.), Uncertainity in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 16, Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, pp. 220–229.
Giang, P.G., P.P. Shenoy (2005), “Two Axiomatic Approaches to Decision Making Using Possibility Theory”, European Journal of Operational Research 162, 450–467.
Gilboa, I. (1987), “Expected Utility with Purely Subjective Non-Additive Probabilities”, Journal of Mathematical Economics 16, 65–88.
Goldszmidt, M., J. Pearl (1996), “Qualitative Probabilities for Default Reasoning, Belief Revision, and Causal Modeling”, Artificial Intelligence 84, 57–112.
Hacking, I. (1975), The Emergence of Probability, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Halpern, J.Y. (2003), Reasoning About Uncertainty, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Hansson, S.O. (ed.) (1997), “Special Issue on Non-Prioritized Belief Revision”, Theoria 63, 1–134.
Hansson, S.O. (1999), A Textbook of Belief Dynamics. Theory Change and Database Updating, Kluwer, Dordrecht.
Harper, W.L. (1976), “Rational Belief Change, Popper Functions and Counterfactuals”, in: W.L. Harper, C.A. Hooker (eds.), Foundations of Probability Theory, Statistical Inference, and Statistical Theories of Science, Vol. I, Reidel, Dordrecht, pp. 73–115.
Hempel, C.G. (1945), “Studies in the Logic of Confirmation”, Mind 54, 1–26, 97–121.
Hempel, C.G. (1962), “Deductive-Nomological vs. Statistical Explanation”, in: H. Feigl, G. Maxwell (eds.), Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. III, Scientific Explanation, Space, and Time, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, pp. 98–169.
Hild, M. (t.a.), Introduction to Induction: On the First Principles of Reasoning, Manuscript.
Hild, M., W. Spohn (2008), “The Measurement of Ranks and the Laws of Iterated Contraction”, Artificial Intelligence 172, 1195–1218.
Hintikka, J. (1962), Knowledge and Belief, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y.
Hisdal, E. (1978), “Conditional Possibilities – Independence and Noninteractivity”, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 1, 283–297.
Huber, F. (2006), “Ranking Functions and Rankings on Languages”, Artificial Intelligence 170, 462–471.
Huber, F. (2007), “The Consistency Argument for Ranking Functions”, Studia Logica 86, 299–329.
Hunter, D. (1991), “Graphoids, Semi-Graphoids, and Ordinal Conditional Functions”, International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 5, 489–504.
Jaffray, J.-Y. (1989), “Linear Utility Theory for Belief Functions”, Operations Research Letters 8, 107–112.
Jeffrey, R.C. (1965), The Logic of Decision, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2nd ed. 1983.
Jeffrey, R.C. (1991), Probability and the Art of Judgment, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Jensen, F.V. (2001), Bayesian Networks and Decision Graphs, Springer, Berlin.
Joyce, J. (1998), “A Nonpragmatic Vindication of Probabilism”, Philosophy of Science 65, 575–603.
Joyce, J. (1999), The Foundations of Causal Decision Theory, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Krantz, D.H., R.D. Luce, P. Suppes, A. Tversky (1971), Foundations of Measurement, Vol. I, Academic Press, New York.
Krüger, L., et al. (1987), The Probabilistic Revolution. Vol. 1: Ideas in History, Vol. 2: Ideas in the Sciences, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Kyburg, H.E. Jr. (1961), Probability and the Logic of Rational Belief, Wesleyan University Press, Middletown, Conn.
Lange, M. (2000), Natural Laws in Scientific Practice, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Levi, I. (1967), Gambling with Truth, A. A. Knopf, New York.
Levi, I. (2004), Mild Contraction: Evaluating Loss of Information Due to Loss of Belief, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Lewis, D. (1969), Convention: A Philosophical Study, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Lewis, D. (1973), Counterfactuals, Blackwell, Oxford.
Lewis, D. (1975), “Languages and Language”, in: K. Gunderson (ed.), Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. VII, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, pp. 3–35.
Lewis, D. (1980), “A Subjectivist’s Guide to Objective Chance”, in: R.C. Jeffrey (ed.), Studies in Inductive Logic and Probability, Vol II, University of California Press, Berkeley, pp. 263–293.
Luce, R.D., H. Raiffa (1957), Games and Decisions, Wiley, New York.
Maher, P. (2002), “Joyce’s Argument for Probabilism”, Philosophy of Science 69, 73–81.
Merin, A. (2006), Decision Theory of Rhetoric, book manuscript, to appear.
Merin, A. (2008), “Relevance and Reasons in Probability and Epistemic Ranking Theory. A Study in Cognitive Economy”, in: Forschungsberichte der DFG-Forschergruppe Logik in der Philosophie Nr. 130, University of Konstanz.
McGee, V. (1994), “Learning the Impossible”, in: E. Eells, B. Skyrms (eds.), Probability and Conditionals. Belief Revision and Rational Decision, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 179–199.
Neapolitan, R.E. (1990), Probabilistic Reasoning in Expert Systems: Theory and Algorithms, Wiley, New York.
Oddie, G. (2001), “Truthlikeness”, in: E.N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2001 Edition),http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2001/entries/truthlikeness
Pearl, J. (1988), Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems: Networks of Plausible Inference, Morgan Kaufman, San Mateo, Ca.
Pearl, J. (2000), Causality: Models, Reasoning, and Inference, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Plantinga, A. (1993), Warrant: The Current Debate, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Pollock, J.L. (1995), Cognitive Carpentry, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Rescher, N. (1964), Hypothetical Reasoning, North-Holland, Amsterdam.
Rescher, N. (1976), Plausible Reasoning, Van Gorcum, Assen.
Rott, H. (2001), Change, Choice and Inference: A Study of Belief Revision and Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Rott, H. (2008), “Shifting Priorities: Simple Representations for Twenty Seven Iterated Theory Change Operators”, to appear in: D. Makinson, J. Malinowski, H. Wansing (eds.), Towards Mathematical Philosophy, Springer, Dordrecht.
Sarin, R., P.P. Wakker (1992), “A Simple Axiomatization of Nonadditive Expected Utility”, Econometrica 60, 1255–1272.
Schmeidler, D. (1989), “Subjective Probability and Expected Utility Without Additivity”, Econometrica 57, 571–587.
Shackle, G.L.S. (1949), Expectation in Economics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Shackle, G.L.S. (1969), Decision, Order and Time in Human Affairs, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2nd ed.
Shafer, G. (1976), A Mathematical Theory of Evidence, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Shafer, G. (1978), “Non-Additive Probabilities in the Work of Bernoulli and Lambert”, Archive for History of Exact Sciences 19, 309–370.
Shenoy, P.P. (1991), “On Spohn’s Rule for Revision of Beliefs”, International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 5, 149–181.
Smets, P. (1998), “The Transferable Belief Model for Quantified Belief Representation”, in: D.M. Gabbay, P. Smets (eds.), Handbook of Defeasible Reasoning and Uncertainty Management Systems, Vol. 1, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 267–301.
Spirtes, P., C. Glymour, R. Scheines (1993), Causation, Prediction, and Search, Springer, Berlin, 2nd ed.
Spohn, W. (1976/1978), Grundlagen der Entscheidungstheorie, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Munich 1976, published: Kronberg/Ts.: Scriptor 1978, out of print, pdf-version at: http://www.uni-konstanz.de/FuF/Philo/Philosophie/philosophie/files/ge.buch.gesamt.pdf.
Spohn, W. (1983), Eine Theorie der Kausalität, unpublished Habilitationsschrift, Universität München, pdf-version at:http://www.uni-konstanz.de/FuF/Philo/Philosophie/philosophie/files/ habilitation.pdf
Spohn, W. (1986), “The Representation of Popper Measures”, Topoi 5, 69–74.
Spohn, W. (1988), “Ordinal Conditional Functions: A Dynamic Theory of Epistemic States”, in: W.L. Harper, B. Skyrms (eds.), Causation in Decision, Belief Change, and Statistics, Vol. II, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 105–134.
Spohn, W. (1990), “A General Non-Probabilistic Theory of Inductive Reasoning”, in: R.D. Shachter, T.S. Levitt, J. Lemmer, L.N. Kanal (eds.),Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 4, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 149–158.
Spohn, W. (1991), “A Reason for Explanation: Explanations Provide Stable Reasons”, in: W. Spohn, B.C. van Fraassen, B. Skyrms (eds.), Existence and Explanation, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 165–196.
Spohn, W. (1993), “Causal Laws are Objectifications of Inductive Schemes”, in: J. Dubucs (ed.), Philosophy of Probability, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 223–252.
Spohn, W. (1994a), “On the Properties of Conditional Independence”, in: P. Humphreys (ed.), Patrick Suppes: Scientific Philosopher. Vol. 1: Probability and Probabilistic Causality, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 173–194.
Spohn, W. (1994b), “On Reichenbach’s Principle of the Common Cause”, in: W.C. Salmon, G. Wolters (eds.), Logic, Language, and the Structure of Scientific Theories, Pittsburgh University Press, Pittsburgh, pp. 215–239.
Spohn, W. (1999), “Two Coherence Principles”, Erkenntnis 50, 155–175.
Spohn, W. (2001a), “Vier Begründungsbegriffe”, in: T. Grundmann (ed.), Erkenntnistheorie. Positionen zwischen Tradition und Gegenwart, Mentis, Paderborn, pp. 33–52.
Spohn, W. (2001b), “Bayesian Nets are All There is to Causal Dependence”, in: M.C. Galavotti, P. Suppes, D. Costantini (eds.), Stochastic Dependence and Causality, CSLI Publications, Stanford, pp. 157–172.
Spohn, W. (2002), “Laws, Ceteris Paribus Conditions, and the Dynamics of Belief”, Erkenntnis 57, 373–394; also in: J. Earman, C. Glymour, S.Mitchell (eds.), Ceteris Paribus Laws, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 97–118.
Spohn, W. (2005a), “Enumerative Induction and Lawlikeness”, Philosophy of Science 72, 164–187.
Spohn, W. (2005b), “Isaac Levi’s Potentially Surprising Epistemological Picture”, to appear in: E. Olsson (ed.), Knowledge and Inquiry: Essays on the Pragmatism of Isaac Levi, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Spohn, W. (2006), “Causation: An Alternative”, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 57, 93–119.
Studeny, M. (1989), “Multiinformation and the Problem of Characterization of Conditional Independence Relations”, Problems of Control and Information Theory 18, 3–16.
Wakker, P.P. (2005), “Decision-Foundations for Properties of Nonadditive Measures: General State Spaces or General Outcome Spaces”, Games and Economic Behavior 50, 107–125.
Williamson, T. (1994), Vagueness, Routledge, London.
Zadeh, L.A. (1975), “Fuzzy Logics and Approximate Reasoning”, Synthese 30, 407–428.
Zadeh, L.A. (1978), “Fuzzy Sets as a Basis for a Theory of Possibility”, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 1, 3–28.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Spohn, W. (2009). A Survey of Ranking Theory. In: Huber, F., Schmidt-Petri, C. (eds) Degrees of Belief. Synthese Library, vol 342. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9198-8_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9198-8_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-9197-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-9198-8
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawPhilosophy and Religion (R0)