Abstract
Sociology, computer networking and operations research provide evidence of the importance of fairness in queuing disciplines. Currently, there is no accepted model for characterizing fairness in parallel job scheduling. We introduce two fairness metrics intended for parallel job schedulers, both of which are based on models from sociology, networking, and operations research. The first metric is motivated by social justice and attempts to measure deviation from arrival order, which is perceived as fair by the end user. The second metric is based on resource equality and compares the resources consumed by a job with the resources deserved by the job. Both of these metrics are orthogonal to traditional metrics, such as turnaround time and utilization.
The proposed fairness metrics are used to measure the unfairness for some typical scheduling policies via simulation studies. We analyze the fairness of these scheduling policies using both metrics, identifying similarities and differences.
Access provided by Autonomous University of Puebla. Download to read the full chapter text
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References
Talby, D., Feitelson, D.: Supporting priorities and improving utilization of the IBM SP scheduler using slack-based backfilling. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Parallel Processing Symposium (1999)
Mu’alem, A., Feitelson, D.: Utilization, predictability, workloads, and user runtime estimates in scheduling the IBM SP2 with backfilling. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 12, 529–543 (2001)
Sabin, G., Kettimuthu, R., Rajan, A., Sadayappan, P.: Scheduling of parallel jobs in a heterogeneous multi-site environement. In: Feitelson, D.G., Rudolph, L., Schwiegelshohn, U. (eds.) JSSPP 2003. LNCS, vol. 2862, pp. 87–104. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Islam, M., Balaji, P., Sadayappan, P., Panda, D.K.: QoPS: A QoS based scheme for parallel job scheduling. In: Feitelson, D.G., Rudolph, L., Schwiegelshohn, U. (eds.) JSSPP 2003. LNCS, vol. 2862, pp. 252–268. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Feitelson, D.: Workshops on job scheduling strategies for parallel processing, http://www.cs.huji.ac.il/~feit/parsched/
Shmueli, E., Feitelson, D.: Backfilling with lookahead to optimize the performance of parallel job scheduling. In: Feitelson, D.G., Rudolph, L., Schwiegelshohn, U. (eds.) JSSPP 2003. LNCS, vol. 2862, pp. 228–251. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Srinivasan, S., Kettimuthu, R., Subramani, V., Sadayappan, P.: Characterization of backfilling strategies for job scheduling. In: 2002 Intl. Workshops on Parallel Processing (2002); held in conjunction with the 2002 Intl. Conf. on Parallel Processing, ICPP 2002
Raz, D., Levy, H., Avi-Itzhak, B.: A resource-allocation queueing fairness measure. In: Proceedings of Sigmetrics 2004/Performance 2004 Joint Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems, New York, NY, pp. 130–141 (2004); Also appears as Performance Evaluation Review Special Issue 32(1), 130–141
Avi-Itzhak, B., Levy, H., Raz, D.: Quantifying fairness in queueing systems: Principles and applications. Technical Report RRR-26-2004, RUTCOR, Rutgers University (2004)
Raz, D., Levy, H., Avi-Itzhak, B.: RAQFM: a resource allocation queueing fairness measure. Technical Report RRR-32-2004, RUTCOR, Rutgers University (2004)
Mann, L.: Queue culture: The waiting line as a social system. The American Journal of Sociology 75, 340–354 (1969)
Larson, R.: Perspectives on queues: Social justice and the psychology of queueing. Operations Research 35, 895–905 (1987)
Gordon, E.S.: Slips and Skips in Queues. PhD thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1989)
Whitt, W.: The amount of overtaking in a network of queues. Networks 14, 411–426 (1984)
Rafaeli, A., Kedmi, E., Vashdi, D., Barron, G.: Queues and fairness: A multiple study experimental investigation, http://queues-fairness.rafaeli.net/
Greenberg, A.G., Madras, N.: How fair is fair queueing? Association for Computing Machinery 39, 568–598 (1992)
Demers, A., Keshav, S., Shenker, S.: Analysis and simulation of a fair queueing algorithm. Internetworking Research and Experience 1, 3–26 (1990)
Nandagopal, T., Lu, S., Bharghavan, V.: A unified architecture for the design and evaluation of wireless fair queueing algorithms. Wireless Networks 8, 231–247 (2002)
Wierman, A., Harchol-Balter, M.: Classifying scheduling policies with respect to unfairness in an M/GI/1. In: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems, pp. 238–249 (2003)
Bansal, N., Harcol-Balter, M.: Analysis of SRPT scheduling: Investigating unfairness. In: SIGMETRICS (2001)
Harchol-Balter, M., Sigman, K., Wierman, A.: Asymptotic convergence of scheduling policies with respect to slowdown. In: IFIP WG 7.3 International Symposium on Computer Modeling, Measurement and Evaluation (2002)
Schwiegelshohn, U., Yahyapour, R.: Fairness in parallel job scheduling. Journal of Scheduling 5, 297–320 (2000)
Sabin, G., Sahasrabudhe, V., Sadayappan, P.: On fairness in distributed job scheduling across multiple sites. In: Cluster (2004)
Sabin, G., Kochhar, G., Sadayappan, P.: Job fairness in non-preemptive job scheduling. In: International Conference on Parallel Processesing (2004)
Feitelson, D.G.: Logs of real parallel workloads from production systems, http://www.cs.huji.ac.il/labs/parallel/workload/
Hansen, B.: An analysis of response ratio. In: IFIP Congress (1971)
Weisstein, E.W.: Spearman rank correlation coefficient, http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SpearmanRankCorrelationCoefficient.html From MathWorld–A Wolfram Web Resource
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sabin, G., Sadayappan, P. (2005). Unfairness Metrics for Space-Sharing Parallel Job Schedulers. In: Feitelson, D., Frachtenberg, E., Rudolph, L., Schwiegelshohn, U. (eds) Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing. JSSPP 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3834. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11605300_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11605300_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-31024-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31617-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)